...Concerns in Computing: Robot Ethics Ashley Ramos INF 103: Computer Literacy Cathy Johnson November 26, 2013 From a cash register to driverless cars, technology is all around us whether we like it or not, and it is only going to continue to grow. The more technology advances, the more we can do or use it for, and the more concerns it raises. When a computer was first introduced, we weren't thinking about if it could tell right from wrong, we were thrilled that we had a machine that could do somewhat complex calculations. As technology advanced these issues of morals came into play. The first person to look into ethics and the issues that go along with it was James Moor (Bowles, 2013). Since then it has been a highly debated topic that continues to grow. There are many different ethical issues involving information technology, some of which are mentioned in our textbook. Just like with any personal data (Social Security Numbers, bank account information, etc), we expect this information to be kept private and only give it out to who we believe to be trusted people. "Privacy of that data and the importance of ensuring that only authorized people know certain things about other people's lives." (Bowles, 2013). Another issue mentioned in the textbook is the accuracy of our personal information that is entered into the various systems. This information is only as accurate as the human typing it in makes it. Because digital information is so much easier to obtain...
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... 6- Reference List 6 Question 1 Dmitrij, L & Vida, D 2013 “Influence of Information Systems on Business Performance” Science:Future of Lithuania, Vol. 5, issue1, p38-45 This article examines the influence of information system on business performance. The author gather the data through the use analysis of scientific literature and research synthesis in order to identify benefits of information system and the influence of business performance. The authors explain that information system can be viewed differently however system in most cases are most often grouped in five categories; office information systems, transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and executive support systems. (Dmitrij & Vida, 2013) 1.1Justification This article will be useful as it clearly define what an information system is and explain how it is crucial for any business in the modern society. Furthermore it discusses the five classifications of information systems and explains how these system are interconnected with data and information flow. The articles also explain how each system covers a specific are of the business specific area and it is crucial that these system are connected to meet business needs. (Dmitrij & Vida, 2013) One limitation of this article is that the authors give multiple definitions of what information is. Question 2 Malhotra, R & Temponi C (2010)...
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...The concerns of ethics and computer is a constant balancing act. Technology will continue to advance and it’s our job to make sure that we always keep ourselves and our neighbors in mind when it comes to ethical behavior and computer technology. In this paper three article that touch on ethical concerns in computing in their own way. One will discuss how the concerns that we all may be very easily find ourselves in on a daily basis. One will look into more specific areas where ethics and computers intertwine, using cell phones to track pedestrians and home monitoring for the elderly. The other will hit on the risk and rewards of cloud computing and the ethics behind law firms and their move into the 21st century. Ethics surrounding computer technology are currently an ever evolving conversation. As technology advance so must the ethics and rules of how we handle our personal information and how others can and cannot used that information. With this evolution in technology there are many topics of concern that raise red flags and force people to reevaluate what needs to change in order to make sure that the very principals we hold as a country are not bent to meet the demands of changing technologies. Concerns over personal and private data who can see what and at what point is personal data no longer private. Identity theft is another issue as people become more and more willing to use computers to bank and pay bills they are more at risk of another person electronically stealing...
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...Reference Material on Ethics Books and Book Chapters Baase, S. (1997) A Gift of Fire: Social, Legal and Ethical Issues in Computing, Prentice Hall. Berleur, J. and Bruunstein, K. (Eds.) (1996) Ethics of Computing: Codes, Spaces for Discussion and Law, Chapman & Hall: London. Berleur, J. and Whitehouse, D. (Eds.) (1997) An Ethical Global Information Society: Cuture and Democracy Revisited (Proceedings of the IFIP WG 9.2/9.5 Corfu International Conference) Chapman & Hall: London. Berleur, J., Duquenoy, P. and Whitehouse, D. (Eds) (1999) Ethics and the Governance of the Internet, IFIP-SIG 9.2.2 (IFIP Framework for the Ethics of Computing), IFIP Press: Laxenburg, Austria Bowman, J.S. and Menzel, D.C. (1998) Teaching Ethics and Values in Public Administration Programs: Innovations, Strategies and Issues, SUNY Press: Albany. Cappel, J.J. and Kappelman, L. (1997) The Year 2000 Problem: An Ethical Perspective, in: Kappelman, L., (Ed.), Year 2000 Problem: Strategies and Solutions from the Fortune 100, International Thomson Computer Press, Boston, 158-163. Floridi, L. (1999) Philosophy and Computing, London: Routledge. Johnson, D.G. and Nissenbaum, H. (1995) Computers, Ethics and Social Values, Prentice Hall. Kallman, E.A. and Grillo, J.P. (1996) Ethical Decision Making and Information Technology: An Introduction with Cases, McGraw Hill. Kaplan, B., Farzanfar, R. and Friedman R.H. (1999) Research and Ethical Issues Arising from Ethnographic Interviews of Patients’...
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...Administrative Ethics Paper Administrative Ethics Paper The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing has a current article named “Caring for Patients While Respecting Their Privacy: Renewing Our Commitment”. The basis of the article concerns the ethical and legal issues concerning the “Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act” otherwise known as (HIPPA). This law has impacted the healthcare industry and the way in which healthcare workers conduct themselves with patients, their families, and with one another. In nursing the importance of confidentiality has always been the forefront of patient care. The current Code of Ethics for Nurses (ANA,2001) is clear in its intent and meaning as it relates to the nurses primary role in promoting and advocating patient’s rights relating to privacy and confidentiality. Every nurse has always understood the need for patient confidentiality even before (HIPPA) was law. Truth being with advanced technology, new demands in healthcare, and recent developments in the world at large has made it more difficult to keep this promise. But keep it they must. As healthcare workers on any given day we hear and see private and confidential information, it is our duty to protect it. On occasion we do become comfortable with patient’s medical information that it can be easy to forget that as healthcare workers how important it is to keep information secure and private. Thus, a recommended solution to this issue is to recap the -privacy section...
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...Computer ethics Computer ethics is a branch of practical philosophy which deals with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct. The term "computer ethics" was first coined by Walter Maner in the mid-1970s, but only since the 1990s has it started being integrated into professional development programs in academic settings. The conceptual foundations of computer ethics are investigated by information ethics, a branch of philosophical ethics established by Luciano Floridi. Computer ethics is a very important topic in computer applications. The importance of computer ethics increased through the 1990s. With the growth of the Internet, privacy issues as well as concerns regarding computing technologies such as spyware and web browser cookies have called into question ethical behavior in technology. Identifying issues Identifying ethical issues as they arise, as well as defining how to deal with them, has traditionally been problematic in computer ethics. Some have argued against the idea of computer ethics as a whole. However, Collins and Miller proposed a method of identifying issues in computer ethics in their Paramedic Ethics model. The model is a data-centered view of judging ethical issues, involving the gathering, analysis, negotiation, and judging of data about the issue. In solving problems relating to ethical issues, Davis proposed a unique problem-solving method. In Davis's model, the ethical problem is stated, facts...
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...In a world where technology is vastly taking over, we must ask ourselves; how do we ethically conduct ourselves with these new advancements in society? In order to do so we must understand what is meant by ethics. We then must define the risks that are presented by such technologies as the internet (the technology that will be discussed in this paper). According to http://www.dictionary.com an ethic and I quote, is “a complex of moral precepts held or rules of conduct followed by an individual”. In other words, ethics is the manner in which we conduct ourselves. There are proper ethics and there are unsuitable ethics for all types of situation and publically accessible events, such as the internet, it’s all about how we as a people decide to use said resources. The internet is made up of multiple waves of information that can be easily attained by the most infinitesimal of minds. This is why it is so important that we establish an ethical code for the web. With a code of internet ethics, we can maximize the resourceful information found on the web and minimize the duplication of accredited entries. Recognizing an individual for his or her work is of great importance, so much that www.acm.org emphasizes it. This website states that it is appropriate to “give proper credit for intellectual property” in its code of ethics. One can protect themselves when it comes to technologically entering information. “The internet allows communication with anyone at any time with the click...
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...ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN CYBER ETHICS INTRODUCTION According to Barquin (1992), cyber ethic guidelines consist of Ten Commandments which are: (1) Thou shall not use a computer to harm others, (2) Thou shall not interfere with others computer work (3) Thou shall not snoop around in others computers files, (4) Thou shall not use computer to steal, (5) Thou shall not to bare fall witness, (6) Thou shall not copy or use proprietary software you have not paid for, (7) Thou shall not use others computers resources without authorization or proper compensation, (8) Thou shall not appropriate other people’s intellectual property, (9) Thou shall think about the social consequences of the program you are writing or the system you are designing (10) Thou shall use a computer in ways that ensure consideration and respect for your fellow humans. These commandments or rules need to be obeyed by everyone who utilizes the cyber space facility in order to maintain the tranquility of cyber world. However, not everyone concern about these rules as we seen nowadays. In order to prevent plague from spreading and become worse in future, we have to identified the root cause of the problem and define how to solve it. The first commandment explained that it is not ethical to harm another user by using computer and it is not limited to physical injuries but also harming or damaging other user data or files. It is unethical to create a programmed that deliberately allows someone to steal, copy...
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...Ethics and Privacy of Communications in the E-Polis Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic and Virginia Horniak Department of Computer Science and Electronics Mälardalen University Västerås, Sweden I N T R O D U C T I O N The electronic networking of physical space promises wide-ranging advances in science, medicine, delivery of services, environmental monitoring and remediation, industrial production, and the monitoring of persons and machines. It can also lead to new forms of social interaction [..]. However, without appropriate architecture and regulatory controls it can also subvert democratic values. Information technology is not in fact neutral in its values; we must be intentional about design for democracy. (Pottie, 2004) Information and communication technology, ICT, has led to the emergence of global web societies. The subject of this article is privacy and its protection in the process of urbanization and socialization of the global digital web society referred to as the e-polis. Privacy is a fundamental human right recognized in all major international agreements regarding human rights such as Article 12 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations, 1948), and it will be discussed in the chapter under the heading Different Views of Privacy. Today’s computer network technologies are sociologically founded on huntergatherer principles. As a result, common users may be possible subjects of surveillance and sophisticated Internet-based attacks. A user may be completely...
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... Dulek, R., Motes, W., & Hilton, C. (1997), Executive Perceptions of Superior and Subordinate Information Control: Practice versus Ethics. Journal of Business Ethics Vol. 16, pgs.1175-1184 This entry examines the ethical practices of leaders in a business and their employees involving information control within a business. Specifically it examines whether these executives know if control is being performed and if they deem it ethical. The statement “…executives are generally drawn to those command activities they deem to be "proper and right." but shy away from those that are iniquitous.” R. Dulek has authored six books and publishes more than forty journal articles. He is currently a professor at John R. Miller School of Business at the University of Alabama. W. Motes is a Marketing professor at the same university and has had articles appear in twelve business journals. C. Hilton is an Associate Professor of Management at the same university and has been published in five journals. From this study it was determined that executives will do what is right when adverse...
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...Administrative Ethics As a healthcare administrator, protecting the privacy of patient information is a primary concern, and many organizations have taken additional security measure to protect their patients. With the advancement of technology follows the growing concern of ethical and legal dilemmas. There are several important issues, which are involved when it comes to an individual’s personal information and you add technology. With the Affordable Care Act just around the corner and millions of Americans scrabble to meet the deadlines to gain healthcare, raises the question are Americans information protect on the HealthCare.gov website. Americans are concerned with privacy issues and the government possible using their information. We will review an article related to privacy concerns over personal information submitted on the Obama Care website, determine what issues and the impact on population it affect most. We will explore the arguments and the facts that are used in the article to support the proposed solution. We will examine the ethical and legal issues reported, and explain the managerial responsible related to administrative issue. In addition, we will identify any proposed solutions to the allocations. As the world of technology grows with everything we need at our fingertips, from our tables, smart-phones, and laptops this leave us open to the arising challenges of legal and ethical issues. Technology has eased its way as becoming a part of American...
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...survival. Cloud computing relates to these three things because all of these could be adversely affected by cloud computing. Technology is an ever evolving and growing market dominated by the consumerism of Apple products and a world where instant gratification is gloried as information is processed in the matter of seconds. The evolution of technology has not only changed the way that we communicate with one another, but also the way in which businesses must conduct their daily transactions. A person in the United States can keep in touch with a friend thousands of miles of way in Brazil or England using Facebook or Twitter. World events spread in the same manner as wildfire, uniting citizens around the world with such topics as war and human rights. We live in a society in which technology has shaped the people that we are today. Most students in middle or high school have had access to a cellular phone since their birth. Beyond the surface of technology being used as a device to interact with one another, technology is used as a device to store information. Our society has transformed from storing information on a hard drive or a flash drive to the information being stored on the Internet via the concept of cloud computing. Cloud computing is the act in which information can be stored and reviewed over the Internet rather than stored on a drive. The information on these computers is secured by a third party organization. It optimizes using fewer machines to get more work done efficiently...
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...Ethics are a system of moral principles. They may also be interpreted as a branch of philosophy dealing with values relating to human conduct; this is with respect to rightness and wrongness of certain actions as well as the motives of said actions. Ethical issues in regard to informational technology examines this structural belief through the examination of developing an ethical code, societal changes due to Informational technologies, the ethical usage of the technologies, and how these ethics should be enforced. Through the utilization of Brooks (2010) a distinct thesis shall be executed in which ethics and the issues regarding them in relation to information technology shall be portrayed. When developing a code of ethics one must understand where it is this code must derive to be succinct and coherent. There must be an understanding and a comprehension of society’s beliefs and core founding. This is necessary due to the state of moral that ethics must uphold. The moral state of ethics must conform to what is universally agreed upon as right or wrong. Without a mutual agreement among the masses the ideas that may or may not be portrayed are nothing more than biased decisions geared for the betterment of the individual. Technologies other than computers have also posed complex ethical issues. Consider all of the concern that was expressed when discussing the power of the atomic bomb. There were many questions to ask such as, should such a powerful tool be created and ultimately...
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...support credibility, and avoid legal issues. Annotated Bibliography Awadh, A. M. (2013). Impact of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(1). Retrieved from www.irmbrjournal.com The article focuses on how the organization's values affect productivity, profit, and how profit and productivity affect the organization's value. Explaining how important communicating a set of ethics, understood by employees, to strengthen the organization itself. Steered toward Managers, Consultants, Directors, Trainers, HR Managers,...
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...The article encompassed a dynamic overview of marriage and family counselors and students utilizing technology for professional purposes relating to counseling. Although most individuals view technology-based counseling as one engaging in therapy via online face-to-face communication, it extends to text messages, email, and video. Hertlein, Blumer, & Mihaloliakos (2015) indicates that online therapy consist of electronic scheduling including appointment updates (pg. 5). The research generated several themes in which both counselors and students presented issues surrounding counseling via technology. The themes were direct violations of the ACA Code of Ethics. There were not any suggestions provided to combat the various issues presented in the article. However, there was an overall belief from the participants that individuals should receive training prior...
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