omativityInformativity~ a text is more informative the mor eunexpected it is what u are told.
Then theres three levels:
1)order: Trivial statements: that’s the first order iunformation
2) order: new info
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3) order: violation: violation of world knowledge, it is unexpected.
Open class elements vs closed class.:
The closed class tend to be unnoticed. Also when we speak we use prepostions wrongly, and there seems to be no interprtation problems with regard ot that, people can still undertsand.

The closed class possessess first order info, whereas the open class has second order.
Time flies like an arrow;
We read this sentence and we interperet it I the cliché way, we don’t think of it, for example, as an imperative sentence. The stress
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Types of expectations: a) Our knowledge about the world, that is, our model of the world. Frames give us expectations as well when we are talking, reading. b) The organization, we have an expectation with regard to the order of the words, don’t we?. c) How you arrange a text d) Text type or “genre”: I think of cortazars instructions e.g. how to blow ur nose

Svend age madsen (danish writer who changes form one chafracter to another, or sth like that)

Definitie article: we used because it is previusoly mentioned that objecvt. For example: aman….. and then I say the man….
Also if theres a certain frame being used, you don’t Hve to introduce certain characters… if if I talk about my car I don’t have to introduce the carburator
Also if somenthing is accessible: like I want to ride into the wild forrest.
Also things of culture or nature you just say the sun, or the queen.#

We use “a” when something is unkknown or unspecific.