...Garrett Weston Weston 1 Dr. Donna Nincic GMA 105 October 25, 2011 Short Sea Shipping As roads become more congested and trade increases, United States’ ports and businesses begin to look for alternative forms of transportation in order to move cargo off of the roads and onto the water. One solution to this issue is the implication of Short Sea Shipping. Short Sea Shipping is the act of shipping intercontinentally, using waterways such as rivers and inlets to transport people and goods from one destination to another without crossing over oceans. An example of this would be using the Mississippi River as a trade route to transport goods from Canada to the Gulf Coast. Though Short Sea Shipping has been around for centuries, today’s over-congestion of North American highway trade and travel has created a greater demand for this method of transportation. It has already proven to be a successful mean of shipping and is currently at the forefront of Europe’s transportation system. The use of this type of shipping has many benefits, including: the potential to alleviate air pollution, reduce accidents and congestion on our freeways, while also saving the shipping companies money. International trade between Asia and the United States’ West Coast ports, transiting through the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, is expected to double in volume in the next fifteen years (ESCAP 2010). These greater volumes of commercial traffic are adding to congestion and environmental...
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...Competitiveness of ports Antwerp, Zeebrugge and Rotterdam Maritime and Modal Transportation Borms Floris 2014/2015 Table of content 1. Intro p. 3 2. General information about the ports p. 4 3.1.1. Antwerpen p. 4 3.1.2. Zeebrugge p. 5 3.1.3. Rotterdam p . 6 3. Geographical Location p. 7 4. Hinterland connections p. 8 5. Port services quality, frequency, efficiency p. 10 6. Port Authority/Administration (legal/institutional background) p. 10 7. Conclusion p . 11 8. References p. 13 1. Introduction In this term paper I will discuss the competitiveness of ports. What are the most important factors that influence the results of a port and the amount of customers and suppliers they attract. This will include exogenous as well as endogenous components. The focus will be on the ports of Antwerp, Zeebrugge and Rotterdam because their locations are close to each other and on the first view they serve a similar market, which makes them comparable. To completely understand the performances of these ports, it is important that we have a short background of the ports and how they are evolving. This will be explained in the general information topic. Thereafter we will have a look at their geographical locations, the connection with the hinterland, their services they offer and the legal background. 2. General Information 2.1 Port of Antwerp ...
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...Prospects of shipbuilding industry in Bangladesh Admin by Dr NM Golam Zakaria The rich history of shipbuilding in Bangladesh dates back to a long ago. Due to congenial geographical location of this part of sub-continent, people living here used to craft wooden boat for commuting and transporting goods. They also nurtured their heritage of craftsmanship in boat building over many centuries and transferred this artistic skill to subsequent generations across different cluster of population. Historical records say that Chittagong port was the best centre of building ocean-going vessels in the middle of the 15th century. Even in the 17th century, the entire fleet of ships of the Sultan of Turkey was built at Chittagong. Also in 1805, the British Navy built ships at Chittagong for the famous battle of Trafalgar. However, with the passage of time, the glory of shipbuilding in this region began to fade. Shipbuilding revived again when a number of local entrepreneurs of Bangladesh brought name and fame for the country by developing potential in shipbuilding by handing over some ocean-going vessels to overseas buyers from Denmark, Finland and Mozambique. Bangladeshi shipbuilders have also handed over few ice-class vessels to a German company and more vessels are going to be delivered by the next few years. Thus shipbuilding in Bangladesh is marching forward in a way to securing a firm position in the world market and at the same time, the country is returning slowly to its past tradition...
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...Prospects of shipbuilding industry in Bangladesh by Dr NM Golam Zakaria The rich history of shipbuilding in Bangladesh dates back to a long ago. Due to congenial geographical location of this part of sub-continent, people living here used to craft wooden boat for commuting and transporting goods. They also nurtured their heritage of craftsmanship in boat building over many centuries and transferred this artistic skill to subsequent generations across different cluster of population. Historical records say that Chittagong port was the best centre of building ocean-going vessels in the middle of the 15th century. Even in the 17th century, the entire fleet of ships of the Sultan of Turkey was built at Chittagong. Also in 1805, the British Navy built ships at Chittagong for the famous battle of Trafalgar. However, with the passage of time, the glory of shipbuilding in this region began to fade. Shipbuilding revived again when a number of local entrepreneurs of Bangladesh brought name and fame for the country by developing potential in shipbuilding by handing over some ocean-going vessels to overseas buyers from Denmark, Finland and Mozambique. Bangladeshi shipbuilders have also handed over few ice-class vessels to a German company and more vessels are going to be delivered by the next few years. Thus shipbuilding in Bangladesh is marching forward in a way to securing a firm position in the world market and at the same time, the country...
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...................................... 7 3.1 3.2 SELLER CONFIRMS ORDER.................................................................................................................................................. 7 3.3 BUYER ARRANGES FINANCE ............................................................................................................................................... 7 3.4 BUYER INFORMS FORWARDER OF ORDER.............................................................................................................................. 7 3.5 FORWARDER LIAISES WITH SUPPLIER FOR SHIPMENT ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................................................ 8 3.6 ORIGIN INLAND............................................................................................................................................................. 10 3.7 SELLER ARRANGE INSURANCE ........................................................................................................................................... 12 3.8 FORWARDER ARRANGES EXPORT CLEARANCE....
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...some means of transportation in place that are cost effective order to successfully produce its product. In SLP 2 I submitted a diagram that would show some of Frito-Lay means of transporting its raw material used to produce its product as well as ways they transport its product. First I will discuss various means of transportation available, the discussed modes are not necessarily the ones Frito-Lay chooses however it’s the ones that are currently available. There are four modes of transportation available: rail, inland water, over- the- road (ORT), and air. Inland Water- According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, about 81.5 tons of Food and Farm products are transported over the water in the U.S. and 279.0 tons are transported into foreign countries. According to my research most of the water ways are used for import and export of metals and other raw materials. However, during SLP 2 my research showed the salt is one of potato chips raw materials. The salt that is used for the purpose of foods such as potato chips comes from the ocean and is imported by barges in to the U.S. to its manufacture then purchased by Frito-Lay. Rail Roads- Freight railroads in America are considered to be the best in the world. They move more than 25% of freight in the U.S. and it is very vital to many manufacturing companies there are four different types of...
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...are two genera of galaxiid, Neochanna, containing five species of mudfish, and Galaxias which contains twenty diverse fish species (McDowall, 2000). There is a high rate of endemism within these New Zealand genera. Only two of these species are found in other Southern Hemisphere countries (G. brevipinnis and G. maculatus) (Alibone et al, 2010). The banded kokopu, G. fasciatus, is an endemic species of galaxiid fish found throughout New Zealand and its offshore islands. However, populations appear to be sparse south of East Cape on the North Island and the east coast of the South Island (Department of Conservation, 2005). Banded kokopu occur primarily in coastal streams, rivers and lakes, but can also penetrate 180 kilometres inland through waterways in lowland areas no more 550 metres above sea level (McDowall, 2000). G. fasciatus is not considered to be a threatened species because they remain relatively widespread in distribution. However, range and abundance in several areas has declined due to habitat degradation, over harvesting of whitebait juveniles, and competition from introduced species (Alibone et al, 2010). G. fasciatus is considered to be a large galaxiid because of its stocky build and length of up to 260 millimetres. Large adults are more often around 200 millimetres (DOC, 2005). Like all galaxiids, banded kokopu lack scales. Instead they have a thick, leathery skin...
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...CREATE Research Archive Non-published Research Reports 2007 A Brief Analysis of Threats and Vulnerabilities in the Maritime Domain Niyazi Onur Bakir CREATE, nbakir@usc.edu Follow this and additional works at: http://research.create.usc.edu/nonpublished_reports Recommended Citation Bakir, Niyazi Onur, "A Brief Analysis of Threats and Vulnerabilities in the Maritime Domain" (2007). Non-published Research Reports. Paper 5. http://research.create.usc.edu/nonpublished_reports/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by CREATE Research Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Non-published Research Reports by an authorized administrator of CREATE Research Archive. For more information, please contact gribben@usc.edu. A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THREATS AND VULNERABILITIES IN THE MARITIME DOMAIN1 N.O. BAKIR University of Southern California, Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) 3710 McClintock Avenue, RTH 322, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2902 USA Abstract The attacks of September 11 have exposed the vulnerability of the American homeland against terrorism. Terrorists have already expressed their intentions to continue their aggression towards United States. Their goal is to incur maximum economic damage, inflict mass casualty, spread unprecedented fear among citizens and thus destabilize the nation to further their agenda. Many critical sites lay across US maritime borders, all of which could be potential targets to accomplish these goals...
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...opportunity for Bangladesh. If Bangladesh could nurture this opportunity with a helping hand from the government, as well as from other quarters, it could be the second largest export earning industry after ready-made garments within less than 10 years. But the shipbuilding industry of Bangladesh currently faces several problems such as high rate of bank guarantee, lack of working capital with low interest rate, lack of availability of land on river banks to build shipyards, etc., which should be solved on a priority basis to get results early from this industry. Bangladesh is a land of rivers and shipbuilding is synonymous with Bangladesh. Thousands of locallybuilt ships ply its inland waters. Almost 90 percent of petroleum and food products and 20 percent of passengers move through the waterways which has created the opportunity to build and use these water vessels here. Historically Bangladesh has a ship building infrastructure. Shipbuilding in Bangladesh is not new but the rise of export-oriented shipbuilding industry is. With the first export order for building ocean going vessel secured by Ananda Shipyards and Slipways Ltd. and the keel-laying of first export order ship on 22nd February, 2006, the real era of building export oriented...
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...Kwai Tsing Container Port / Future Development ------------------------------------------------- Improving Competitiveness The Port of Hong Kong has long been assuming the role as a gateway for South China and as a platform for intermodal transport providing connectivity with the Mainland distribution network. ------------------------------------------------- Challenges The container terminals in Hong Kong have always been competing in productivity and efficiency, but indeed there are challenges faced by the Port. To maintain competitiveness, the container port needs to enhance its productivity and efficiency both on the land side and the quay side. On the land side, the container port has been built with an average of 14 hectares of land per 400 metres berth, which is about 45% below the international standard of 25 hectares for optimal performance. This has resulted in yard congestion especially during peak time, and in turn impacted the truck turnaround times. On the quay side, the transshipment throughput volume via barge operations has been increased nearly 30% in the past 10 years. The increase in barge volume has caused considerable barge waiting time and may disrupt connections with on-forwarding vessels. There is an urgent need for government support to increase the terminal back up land and also increase barge berths in the port area. Focusing on such challenges, the Association has submitted a White Paper to the Government proposing a land allocation policy...
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...Determine where each agency lies in the administrative structure of the federal government. Identify it as an executive department or an independent agency. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Serves an executive department and the primary federal manager of the nation’s water resources. The Corps builds coastal fortifications, surveys roads and canals, maintain much of the nation’s navigation and flood damage reduction infrastructure and regulates the issuance of Clean Water Act dredge and fill and other permits to the private sector. The Corps has transformed our nation’s rivers and coasts, constructing 12,000 miles of inland waterway navigation channels, 8,500 miles of levees and seawalls, and more than 600 dams (usace.army.mil). The agency also dredges more than 200 million cubic yards of material each year from the nation’s rivers and harbors and when Congress added environmental protection to the Corps mission areas, it grew to include some of the nation’s most controversial restoration projects. The Bureau of Land Management: An independent agency and a small agency with a big mission to sustain the health, productivity and diversity of America’s public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations. It administers more public land-over 250 million surface acres than other federal agency in the U. S. located in 12 west states, including Alaska. The BLM also manages 700 million acres of sub-surface mineral estate throughout the nation (blm.gov). Since...
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...INCOTERMS® 2010 INCOTERMS AND THE EXPORTER International Commercial Terms, known as “Incoterms”, are internationally accepted terms defining the responsibilities of exporters and importers in the arrangement of shipments and the transfer of liability involved at various stages of the transaction. Incoterms do not cover ownership or the transfer of title of goods. It is crucial to agree on an Incoterm at the start of a negotiation/ quotation of a sale, as it will affect the costs and responsibilities involved in shipping, insurance and tariffs. The new Incoterms 2010 rules were revised by the International Chamber of Commerce and will become effective January 1, 2011. Four terms were eliminated (DAF, DEQ, DES, DDU) and two were added: Delivered at Place (DAP) and Delivered at Terminal (DAT). The modifications affect obligations, risk transfer, and cost sharing for the seller and buyer, resulting in better clarification and application of the eleven (11) Incoterms, and consistent with the way global trade is actually conducted since the last update in 2000. In any sales transaction, it is important for the seller and buyer to agree on the terms of sale and know precisely what is included in the sale price. Exporters should choose the Incoterm that works best for their company, but also be prepared to quote on other terms. See VEDP FastFacts- Responding to Inquiries Inexperienced exporters may want to use the Incoterm “Ex Works” (EXW), because this term carries the least burden...
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...INCOTERMS® 2010 INCOTERMS AND THE EXPORTER International Commercial Terms, known as “Incoterms”, are internationally accepted terms defining the responsibilities of exporters and importers in the arrangement of shipments and the transfer of liability involved at various stages of the transaction. Incoterms do not cover ownership or the transfer of title of goods. It is crucial to agree on an Incoterm at the start of a negotiation/ quotation of a sale, as it will affect the costs and responsibilities involved in shipping, insurance and tariffs. The new Incoterms 2010 rules were revised by the International Chamber of Commerce and will become effective January 1, 2011. Four terms were eliminated (DAF, DEQ, DES, DDU) and two were added: Delivered at Place (DAP) and Delivered at Terminal (DAT). The modifications affect obligations, risk transfer, and cost sharing for the seller and buyer, resulting in better clarification and application of the eleven (11) Incoterms, and consistent with the way global trade is actually conducted since the last update in 2000. In any sales transaction, it is important for the seller and buyer to agree on the terms of sale and know precisely what is included in the sale price. Exporters should choose the Incoterm that works best for their company, but also be prepared to quote on other terms. See VEDP FastFacts- Responding to Inquiries Inexperienced exporters may want to use the Incoterm “Ex Works” (EXW), because this term carries the least burden...
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...is adjacent to the border of India’s Sundarbans World Heritage site inscribed in 1987. The site is intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mudflats and small islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests, and presents an excellent example of ongoing ecological processes. The area is known for its wide range of fauna, including 260 bird species, the Bengal tiger and other threatened species such as the estuarine crocodile and the Indian python. Justification for Inscription The Committee inscribed the site under criteria (ix) and (x) as one of the largest remaining areas of mangroves in the world, which supports an exceptional biodiversity with a wide range of flora and fauna, including the Bengal Tiger and provides a significant example of on-going ecological processes (monsoon rains, flooding, delta formation, tidal influence and plant colonisation). Long Description The Sundarbans consist of three wildlife sanctuaries (Sundarbans West, East and South) lying on disjunct deltaic islands just west of the main outflow of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers, close to the border with India. The sanctuaries are intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mud flats and small islands of salt tolerant mangrove forests. The area is flooded with brackish water during high tides which mix with freshwater from inland rivers. The...
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...TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING Introduction · Desires of the people to move Need for goods: demand for Transportation. Transportation affects everyone on earth, on a daily basis. People, countries, governments, business, whole economy rely on effective, reliable transportation in one form or another. Major Transportation Systems Highways Car, Bus, Truck, non- motorized ..etc Railways Passenger and Goods Airways Aviation and freight carrier Waterways Ships, boats… Continuous Flow systems Pipelines,belts..etc Merits and Demerits: Based on accessibility, mobility, cost, tonnage.. Highways/ Road Transportation Oldest mode Foot paths- animal ways, cart path…….. As civilization evolved the need for transportation increased India (5,000 BC) Egypt (3,000 BC) Greece and Babylonia (2,000 BC) Romans (500 BC) ROMANS OCCUPIED BRITAIN IN 55BC 5000KM OF ROADS BUILT IN 150 YEARS RADIATED FROM CAPITAL LONDON AND EXTENDING TO WALES AND EXTENDING TO SCOTLAND LEGIONS WITHDRAWN IN AD407 BREAKDOWN OF ROADS FOLLOWED DURING MIDDLE AGES, RIVERS AND SEAS –A RELIABLE MAJOR TRADE ARTERIES WHEELS OF CARTS DAMAGED THE EARTH ROAD FAST LENGTH OF STONE PAVED STREETS BUILT FOR CONNECTING RURAL AREAS FOR PROVISION STAGECOACH SERVICE WAS INTRODUCED IN UK IN 1755? HORSES WERE CHANGED AT REGULARLY SPACED POST HOUSES COACH WITH IRON SPRING MADE THE RIDE COMFORTABLE Contribution towards road development TWO MAJOR TYPES OF PAVEMENT IN EARLY DAYS Thomas Telfold...
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