...With the rapid development of dynamic global economy, increasingly countries are seeking breakthroughs of their economy development. Stimulated by these ever-increasing competition pressures, exploitation of new ideas and businesses which are of great potential to thrive economies, accordingly, is gainning widespread attention (Mansfield, 1972; Wong et al., 2005). In consequence, on a global scale, not only some developed countries with strong capability to absorb and implement new ideas, but also some emerging developing countries, are taking measures to inspire entrepreneurship and innovation with purposes of benefiting economic development from these competitive advantages (Stoneman, 1995; Zhao, 2001). It is universally held that entrepreneurship and innovation are complementary and their combination can efficiently contribute to economy performance (Grupp, 2001; Stoneman, 1995). During the transfer from idea creation to eventually economy development, innovation is supposed to be a necessary condition, but it also demonstrates great insufficiency which can be completed by entrepreneurship’s mediating effects (Audretsch, 1995; Camp, 2005). This essay will primarily conduct a brief definition of entrepreneurship and innovation while introduce the role of problem solving and creativity, and thereby observe the synergy between entrepreneurship and innovation. Then theoretical and practical analysis will be made in their repective relationship with economy development. Ultimately...
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... Magirus at start was ordering products from IBM using Lotus Notes, a program made by IBM and customized for Magirus needs.IBM didn’t have a common direct linkage with its partners around Europe. Every company needed to order products from IBM had a different type of proccesion. Another point we need to refer is that IBM changed all the time its systems for ordering dissatisfying its partners that couldn’t follow this changes.Thus the companies couldn’t trust IBM, cause it didn’t have established practises and taking decissions without consider their needs. So we can see that IBM didn’t have a satisfactory communication in B2B. Both IBM and Magirus seems to be initiative companies for different reasons. IBM needs was to establish a global system for communication via its partners, and saw an oppurtinity creating a system with Magirus that would use after for all of its partners.On the other side, Magirus wanted efficiancy in ordering items, looking for fast, low cost, and not complex proccedures. At the during of their collaboration, they had some communications problems they wanted to solve.IBM first invention was in PC/S system, an organization structure for ordering that was not succed because of the incompability of the pre-exist ordering system of Magirus. Magirus didn’t have another choice except using PC/S system although needed to pass two times all orders, loosing that way time, efforts and money.Without smooth communication between Magirus and IBM opportunities...
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...(Robison, 2008). Results in employee turnover rates are also renown for the industry: 18% instead of the 158%, 136% and 129% industry averages for line, supervisor and management employees respectively (Robison, 2008). Their approach to the different segments of employee engagement is best described through the AON Hewitt Engagement Model. Aon Hewitt engagement model Aon Hewitt attributes improvements in employee performance to psychological and behavioral outcomes of engagement (AON Hewitt, 2013). The Aon Hewitt model examines both the individual’s engagement outcomes and the potential engagement drivers that are part of the organizational work experience (AON Hewitt, 2013). The model has undergone significant research and development over the last 15 years, especially...
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...IKEA IN CHINA INTRODUCTION TO IKEA HISTORICAL CHAIN OF IKEA BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF IKEA IN CHINA IKEA entered China in 1998 through a joint venture and started its first in Shanghai. This was followed a store in Beijing in 1999. Since 1980s, several economic trade and investment reforms have enabled the growth of furniture industry in China by 2004, Chinese furniture production was $24 billon and its exports were $7 billion. CONCEPT: SIMPLICITY IS BEAUTY. YI JIA-COMFORTABLE HOME Q1: WHAT MAKES CHINA AN ATTRACTIVE LOCATION FOR IKEA TO INVEST IN? Market: emerging market; small to high size market; customer quality is low but shows an increasing trend Competition: intensity of rivalry is strong; facing some entry barriers; bargaining power is high; a longterm profitable business Country market & industry opportunities Resources: raw materials from China Incentives: declining of the duty rate Q1: WHAT MAKES CHINA AN ATTRACTIVE LOCATION FOR IKEA TO INVEST IN? ? 1. 2. 3. Political The reform of China since 1980?s Entered through a joint venture In 2005, first wholly owned store in Guangzhou.(China entered WTO in 2001) Q1: WHAT MAKES CHINA AN ATTRACTIVE LOCATION FOR IKEA TO INVEST IN? ? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Economical Emerging market Basic need updated to sophisticated wants New market space for newcomers Cheap labour cost Wood industry (top supplier) Q1: WHAT MAKES CHINA AN ATTRACTIVE LOCATION FOR IKEA TO INVEST IN? Social 1. Updating of the basic needs(urbanisation) 2. Large...
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...CONTENT: COMPANY BACKGROUND 1 QUALITY POLICIES 4 TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES 6 DESIGN AND INOVATION 7 PECCA SERVICES 8 MISSION, VISION & OBJECTIVE 9 FINANCIAL 10 SWOT ANALYSIS 14 RECOMMENDETION 15 Company background [pic] [pic] Figure 1 PECCA Leather Campany Pecca Leather Sdn. Bhd. is an ISO 9001 certified OEM manufacturer in Malaysia specializing in the manufacturing of automotive leather interiors. PECCA is founded and managed by a team of leather goods manufacturers with over 20 years’ experience in the leather industry. Pecca Leather produces leather interiors for various types of automobile makes and models for the Malaysian OEM and aftermarket segment. The team's experience in contract manufacturing includes being official licensees for internationally-renowned brands such as Braun Buffel, Polo, Playboy, Renoma, Pierre Cardin, Alain Delon and Lois.They also export their leather car seat covers to international markets including the USA, Europe and the UK, Singapore, Australasia and the Middle East. Pecca Leather policy of integrating strict quality control and the finest leathers selection have earned us the standing as one of the most reputable automotive leather seat cover manufacturer in Malaysia. [pic] Figure 2 Logo’s of PECCA Company. In the Italian language, the word "Pecca" means "imperfect". Their company's motto "Passion & Perfection" has been inspired by their passion to take...
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...The Evolution and Development of E-Commerce Market and E-Cash Azamat Nogoev1 Faculty of Business Management and Globalization LimkokwingUniversity of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia Azamat_nogoev@yahoo.co.uk Rashad Yazdanifard2 Faculty of Management,Multimedia University Cyberjaya, Malaysia rashadyazdanifard@yahoo.com Shahriar Mohseni3 Faculty of Management,Multimedia University Cyberjaya, Malaysia shahriar_mohseni@yahoo.com Behrang Samadi4 Faculty of Management,Multimedia University Cyberjaya, Malaysia behrang_samadi@yahoo.com Meera Menon5 Faculty of Design Inovation, LimkokwingUniversity of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia meera@limkokwing.edu.my ABSTRACT Given the impact of the Internet on all aspects of economic life, it can be regarded as a source of emergence of new electronic economy with an extremely rapid growth, creating new opportunities for Industrial and business activity, increase employment opportunities.Robust economic activity on the Internet or by using its capabilities led to the emergence of a new concept- electronic commerce. KEY WORDS Internet, electronic commerce, electronic payment systems. 1. INTRODUCTION Advances in communication technologies within the last decade of the twentieth century paved the way for innovations, promoting rapid globalization. The convergence of telecommunications and computer technology has given birth to a new business organizational system called the internet, presenting a revelation...
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...CHAP 6 * Introduction * The indian pharmaceutical companies, before 2005, were not allowed to trade with developed countries because, India did not respected drug patents. * In 2005 India signed up a agreement that stated that India would agree with global patent rules. * This oppened a path for the rising of business opportunities. * This pharmaceutical firms produce now, low-cost generical and patented medicines that are sold worldwide, usually in partnership with western companies. * The western companies perform the R&D and marketing, and contract some indian firms to produce the medicines * This way of working togethere lowered the costs for western firms e for western consumers, at the same time it generated Jobs in índia increasing the wealth of the country, so now indians can buy more western products. * There are always winners and loosers. It can be win-win in long term as the winners will be more wealthier and spend more buying losser’s stuff * The earnings of the winners are bigger then the losses of loosers, so globally it is better to trade. * An Overview of Trade Theory: * Free Trade: situtation in wich the government does not influence in what consumers can buy or sell to other countries. * The Benefits of Trade: * No one suggests that Iceland can grown its own oranges, so they can benefit of trading what they are good producers(fish) for oranges, and then have a mixed diet. ...
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...Nintendo’s Strategy in 2009: The Ongoing Battle with Microsoft and Sony Persaingan supremasi pasar segmen industri konsol video game dimulai pada musim liburan 2006 ketika sony dan Nintendo melaunching konsol generasi terakhir mereka untuk bersaing dengan Xbox 360, yang telah keluar di pasar pada musim belanja natal 2005. Analisis video game dan penulis majalah gaming dan web game terpukau dengan kemampuan grafik Sony PlayStation 3 (PS3). PS3 setara dengan Microsoft Xbox360 dari fitur yang dimiliki tetapi blueray PS3 drive jauh lebih unggul dari Xbox360. Ketika Sony dan Microsoft saling terikat dalam perang teknologi , para analisis video game dan penulis terkejut oleh keterbatasan teknologi dari Nintendo Wii, yang bahkan kemampuan grafik dan prosesingnya lebih buruk dari PS3 dan Xbox dan hanya sedikit lebih baik dari generasi ke-6 microsoft (PS2). Para analisis industri dan pegamers berat melihat Wii seperti mainan, karena kemampuan grafik yang lemah serta DVD game yang sedikit dan namanya kekanak-kanakan.Beberapa analisis industry video game melihat Wii sebagai upaya terakhir dari sebuah perusahaan perebutan yang pernah mendominasi industry video game dunia dan kemudian menjadi semakin tidak relevan setelah Sony memasuki pasar dengan PlayStation pertamanya. Sebenarnya nintendo tidak setuju jika Wii tidak menawarkan kualitas gambar yang terbaik serta fitur dan kemampuan yang luas.Penurunan penjualan dan pangsa pasar Nintendo pada segmen konsol video game sejak tahun 2000...
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...Date: 20th November 2012 Timothy D. Cook Chief Executive Officer Apple Inc. SYNOPSIS: Apple Inc. is at a crossroad in the company’s existence, where it needs to decide in which direction to move for the continual success of the brand. Through innovation and sound product lines, the company has managed to triumph tremendous odds of continuous success over the past thirty plus years of the company’s IPO. Co-founder and former CEO Steve P. Jobs, put the company on the right track for success. It is my suggestion that the company stay true to the vision and direction Jobs set course for Apple Inc. The success of the company lies on the following product lines: iPhone, iPad and Mac devices. All other product lines must be formed to support these three products. It is quite clear that Apple Inc. has put much of its technological resources into the iPhone. The iPhone has now become the major revenue provider for the company at over 50% of total income. The iPad, taking the second greatest majority of revenue at over 22% for the company, also needs to stay aggressive in its category of technology. It is my belief that table devices will eventually make the laptop obsolete. I will cover this theory in further detail in the actual report. Next, the home computing devices, the original product line of Apple Inc., must continue to exist. This is the reason the company came to be and is a sure bet to stable profits for the company. This too, will be covered on the following pages...
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...[pic] [pic] Economics Project: Exchange Rate, Balance of Payment and Trade deficit. [pic] |Topics |Page No | |Introduction |02 | |Defining |03 | |Exchange Rate, Bop & Trade Deficit | | |Pakistan Trade, Monetary Policy |04 | |Historical overview |05 To 07 | |Causes |08-11 | |Solutions |12 To 15 | |Conclusion |16 | | | | [pic] Introduction: Exchange...
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...Botond Munteanu Teodora Metro Group 1. Description of the company 1.1 Field of activity Metro AG, is otherwise known as Metro Group, established in 1964 by Otto Beisheim. It is a German global diversified retail and wholesale/cash and carry group based in Düsseldorf. It has the largest market share in its home market, and is one of the most globalised retail and wholesale corporations. It is the fifth-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues (after Wal-Mart, Carrefour, Tesco and Kroger). Metro Group has 280.000 employees, from 180 nations, with over 2.200 outlets in 32 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia. With this force, Metro Group is one of the most important international retailing companies. In Metro AG portfolio we can find some internationally strong sales brands like: * Metro Cash & Carry - the world's market leader in cash & carry; * Real Hypermarkets – purchased by Auchan; * Media Markt and Saturn - Europe' s leader in consumer electronic retailing; * Galeria Kaufhof - the system leader in the department store business. When doing business, Metro AG goes after important values such as: * Responsibility towards our customers, stockholders and the public; * Innovative strength is one key to success; * Further development and modernization of the retail sector - both, at the national and at the international level. 1.2 History Starting from 1996, to 2000 Within a period of only ten months, METRO AG is formed...
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...Internship Report TRAINING FUNCTION OF NESTLÉ BANGLADESH Internship Report TRAINING FUNCTION OF NESTLÉ BANGLADESH Prepared for: Afsana Akhtar Assistant Professor and Coordinator BRAC Business School, BRAC University Prepared by: Syed Mohammad Shihan Sazid ID: 07204036 BRAC Business School, BRAC University Date of Submission: 8th January 2012 Letter of Transmittal January 8, 2012 Afsana Akhtar Associate Professor and Coordinator BRAC Business School BRAC University SUBJECT: SUBMISSION OF INTERNSHIP REPORT Dear Madam, This is to inform you that I am submitting the internship project report “Training function of Nestlé Bangladesh” upon completion of my formal internship attachment with Nestlé Bangladesh Limited. I have tried to discuss all the relevant points of a feasibility study while keeping consistency with Nestlé Bangladesh Limited. I would be glad to clarify any discrepancy that may arise or any clarification that you may require regarding my project and report. Sincerely, _________________________ Syed Mohammad Shihan Sazid ID: 07204036 BRAC Business School BRAC University i Acknowledgement Firstly, I would like to thank Hasibur Rahman, Comapany Security Manager, Nestlé Bangladesh Ltd, and my Internship Supervisor, for entrusting me with such an important project and allowing me scope to work independently, providing all required support. I also thank Sumit Chakraborty, HR Officer – Training, Nestlé Bangladesh Ltd. for providing me with the...
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...International Business Linked to globalization Globalization 1. What is it ? It is a process where the world is moving away from independent countries to interconnected counties 2. Status ( where we are + measurements) Wave of globalization after WOII * 50 – 60 domination of the US (“free market wave”) The trade rules are set by the US * Now domination China, Asia US domination is gone, different countries dominate the world The demographics of the world economy has changed How do you measure globalization? * University of zurich * http://globalization.kof.ethz.ch/ The KOF Index of Globalization measures the three main dimensions of globalization: 1. Economic globalization * Actual flows (37%) * Trade (percentage of GDP) * Foreign direct investement, flows (percentage of GDP) * Portfolio investement (percentage of GDP) * Income payments of foreign nationals (percentage of GDP) * Restrictions * Hidden import barriers * Mean tariff rate * Taxes on international trade (percentage of current revenue) 2. Social (39%) * Data on personal contact * Data on information flows 3. political. (25%) * Embassieses 3. Types of globalization 1. Globalization of products 2. Globalization of markets Active vs passive globalization Globalization can also be passive. Companies that do not want to globalize...
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...Business Strategy United Parcel Service (UPS) Overview United Parcel Service, Inc. was founded in 1907 as a private messenger and delivery service in Seattle, Washington. Today, UPS is the world’s largest package delivery company, a leader in the U.S. less-than-truckload industry and the premier provider of global supply chain management solutions. It deliver packages each business day for 1.6 million shipping customers to 8.2 million receivers ("consignees") in over 220 countries and territories. In 2014, it delivered an average of 18.0 million pieces per day worldwide, or a total of 4.6 billion packages. Total revenue in 2014 was $58.2 billion. It are a global leader in logistics, and it create value for its customers through solutions that lower costs, improve service and provide highly customizable supply chain control and visibility. Customers are attracted to its broad set of services that are delivered as promised through its integrated ground, air and ocean global network. Its services and integrated network allow shippers to simplify their supply chains by using fewer carriers, and to adapt their transportation requirements and expenditures as their businesses evolve. Across its service portfolio, it also provide control and visibility of customers’ inventories and supply chains via its UPS technology platform. The information flow from UPS technology drives improvements for its customers, as well as for UPS, in reliability, flexibility...
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...LIST OF COMPANIES American Express Amway Anand Axis Castrol Deloitte Ernst & Young FINO Godrej Maruti Ingersol Rand Inno Park L&T Madura Marg Group Mercer Metro Cash and Carry Naukri Tata Sons Tata Motors TVS Motors Marico Religare Standard Chartered Sanofi UBI American Express (India) Private Ltd Vision: We work hard every day to make American Express the world’s most respected service brand Slight History – Parent company is an American multinational financial services. Founded in 1850, it is one of the 30 components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The company is best known for its credit card, charge card, and traveler'scheque businesses. Amex cards account for approximately 24% of the total dollar volume of credit card transactions in the US, the highest of any card issuer. American Express (India) Private Ltd. offers accounting and financial processes consolidation services to the American Express Company’s businesses. The company was founded in 1994 and is based in Gurgaon, India. American Express (India) Private Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of American Express International Inc. and American Express Limited. Basics Non-Listed, Limited Liability Company Net operating revenues increased 4.01%, (INR 812.33 to INR 844.89 tens of millions) Operating result increased 7.59% (INR 175.98 to INR 189.33 tens of millions) Net Profit Margin (Net Income/Net Sales) from 24.52% to 13.68% Employee 6158 • s Key • People Sanjay Rishi CEO India HR practices –...
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