...Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper Janeen Tipton PSY/435 September 3, 2012 Saakshi Malik Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper In the realm of science there are many fields of psychology; clinical, abnormal, child development and industrial psychology. Out of those, industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology not only deals with the individual, but also the organizations that such individuals may be employed at. It is theorized that the early development began in 1885 but to better understand the development one must have a clear view of what an I/O psychologists is and what their main objectives are as well as how research and statistics play a crucial role. Industrial and Organizational Psychology Industrial and Organizational psychology (I/O) psychology is the study of organizations and how scientifically-based solutions to human problems in the work place (American Psychological Association, 2012, p.1. para. 1). Such areas that I/O psychologists would have knowledge due to some form of training done at the doctorial level are: • Assessment methods • Job Analysis • Career Development • Job Evaluation, Performance, and Work Motivation • Business Skills (American Psychological Association, 2012, p. 1) There are services that an I/O will and can provide to the company/organization for which one is employed. These services include aiding with the hiring process by forming...
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...Psychology in the Business World: The Opportunities and Challenges for a Psychology Major 1. Background of the Study 2.1 How can psychology be defined? Ciccarelli and White (2012), defines psychology as the “scientific study of behavior and mental processes”. Merriam-Webster dictionary (2014), on the other hand, defines psychology as “the science of mind and behavior”. It generally is a field that revolves about how and why a living thing act and behave and the processes in the mind that comes with the behavior. The American Psychological Association (2014) furthermore defines psychology as a study concerning the mind and behavior of the human being, involving everything from how the brain functions to why a certain person behaves. Basically, psychology is a field that studies human and their behavior with the goal of analysis on the mind as to why their behavior is such. 2.2 What are the uses of psychology in the business world? Psychology can be used in the business world by means of helping the employees achieve their optimum performance level and still be happy about their job (Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Inc. [SIOP], 2014). Psychologists work in the human resources department, in the managerial department, in the administration, and more. It is use to develop and utilize an employee’s ability to perform even better at his job. Psychology is used to ensure harmony amongst the people in the organization. It is also concerned...
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...ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY Organizational psychology also known as industrial psychology is “the scientific study of employees, workplaces, and organizations. Industrial–organizational psychologists contribute to an organization's success by improving the performance and well-being of its people”. Industrial/organization(I/O) psychology both work together to help the success of an organization, however; industrial psychology focuses on recruitment, performance, and training, organizational part focuses on group performance, leadership, and motivation. Research is important for organizational psychology. Evidence based practice be used along with collecting data to provide real life examples of how real life works. Theories and research are used in work and non work groups, this helps one another interact better so that later both can also work well together. Organizational psychologist also practice scientific-practitioner model to help create a foundation of research and techniques to help solve problems within an organization. Organizational psychology is not a science to many although it may involve research and theory and evidence. “How organizational psychology can be used; organizational psychology can be applied in a multitude of ways, for example, to analyze individual personality variables and career interests. Evaluate prospective employees as well as train, develop and evaluate the job performance of current employees. Study how work conditions affect aspects...
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...Industrial organizational psychology is an area of psychology that focuses on studying people in their working environment. The role can also involve focusing on workplace dynamics and organizational structures. Through the use of industrial organizational psychologists, work places can improve the success of their organizationIndustrial organizational psychology first began in the earlier 20th century when it was found that troops returning from World War I needed therapy to regain morale. It wasn't until after World War II that the field really grew, and as the 20th century progressed the use of a industrial organizational psychologist in the work place became more common. Those who work as an industrial organizational psychologist can expect to spend a lot of time working with statistics. As developing initiatives on behalf of businesses depends on science-based research, the industrial organizational psychology relies heavily on working with large numbers.There are many functions performed by industrial psychologists which include: Personnel Psychology is a subfield of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.[1] Personnel psychology is the area of industrial/organizational psychology that primarily deals with the recruitment, selection and evaluation of personnel, and other job aspects such as morale, job satisfaction, and relationships between managers and workers in the workplace.[2] It is the field of study that concentrates on the selection and evaluation of employees;...
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...various career opportunities in the field of psychology was conducted. In this paper three different professional psychology sub-specialties fields were explored by gathering information from various websites. The three sub-specialty fields discussed are an Experimental Psychology, Industrial/Organizational Psychology and Health Psychology. Experimental Psychology The experimental psychology field is one that conducts research in cognitive behaviors of humans and animals, neuroscience and personalities. The field does this research using the scientific method. The experimental psychologist work setting can widely range from college and universities, to government and facility based settings. The information gathered is used in a variety of ways, including therapeutic methods, work related production issues, employee wellness and even employee safety issues. The methods used for the research also vary depending on the area being studied. The models all follow scientific methodology, utilizing group settings, manipulating independent variables, collecting the data and then forming a hypothesis (APA, 2012). The education preparation and training for an experimental psychologist is usually focused on research and how to conduct this research. The minimum education needed is a master’s degree in general psychology or experimental psychology. To advance in research, certain schools/Universities or salary a doctorate degree in psychology is almost always required (APA, 2012). The...
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...example: if a relative had to have surgery and the doctor conducting the surgery was not properly trained, that relative and his or her family would want a trained surgeon to do the surgery. As a consumer the most qualified person for a position would be the right way to go, but there are also other aspects like personality, sociability, and skill levels. The health of an organization, their employees, and consumers in the area are also influenced by this aspect. How I/O Psychologists Select & Train Employees Many organizations select employees based upon a person’s skills or what the organization believes constitutes a good employee. The most basic approach to selecting a potential employee is to have a manager give a direct interview so that he or she will have a general idea of which employee will be best for the...
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...Organizational Psychology Paper Cherrise Smith University of Phoenix October 25, 2010 Wanda Moore Define organizational psychology The definition of organizational psychology is simple; it involves settings that are based on workplace or office psychology. These settings are applied to different types of groups, which take research, intervention, theories, and communication strategies to a whole different level in both non-workplaces and workplaces. Groups of people in this area get with each other and work together to accomplish important task and assist them to understand there connections. Organizational psychologists work with different types of people from middle executive to those of lower rank and management teams. Some workplaces want the employees to be as creative as possible. All in all, this means making sure everyone is communicating with each other and ensuring their bodies and minds are doing the same. Organizational psychology also focuses on individual behavior. Although it is focused on groups, individual behavior has become common in the setting to obtain information about the individual’s influences. Unlike groups and organizations, people behave. You derive a person’s sense of humor, taste and other behavioral elements from them, not the group or organization they are affiliated with. The focus on how individual’s influence and are influenced explain organizational processes that are not like social science disciplines, which do not...
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...Construct and Analyze Applicant Selection Protocol For this assignment I will be conducting a job analyze for a plumbers position. I will be also making a selection protocol to recruit the right employee. In order to do a job analysis the methods that I will use will be the methods job components inventory, and position analysis questionnaire. Then compare it to the O*NET Online. Then I will construct an applicant selection protocol. In some aspects plumber are skilled labor that requires physical strength as well as a good knowledge of tools and a good mathematical base. The job components inventory contains five principles that a plumber should possess. Using the principle we will take the highest score of 80 points or more. The first principle is tools and equipment, this cover equipment from small tool to a trenching equipment. A plumber will us many small tools from a tape measure to a chisel in order to cut pipe to length , and make holes with a chisel in block in order to create an exit point. The applicant must be able to use drain machines. Must a good knowledge of chemical used and have knowledge of safety data sheet. The applicant should have a working knowledge of small tool use and safety The second principle is perceptual and physical requirements. In this principle strength and reaction time, and dexterity are needed. Plumbers require physical demands that can be lifting...
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...What is Organizational Psychology? Organizational psychology has become a prominent necessity within companies all over the world, regardless of size. With the growing number of competitors providing similar services and stressful expectations of continued success, this position proves time and again to be one of crucial significance. Organizational Psychologists offer a corporation unbiased, fresh ideas in the area of improvement and advancement using various methods of analysis and research. The following paper will examine the field of organization psychology by defining, explaining the evolution, comparing and contrasting organizational psychology with related disciplines and analyzing the role of research and statistics. Defining Organizational Psychology Organizational psychology as defined by Jex & Brit(2008) is a “field that utilizes scientific methodology to better understand the behavior of individuals working in organizational settings” (p. 1). In the most basic terms, organizational psychology uses the scientific psychological principles and research methodology to study numerous topics that are vital to comprehending human behavior in different organizations. An applied field, organizational psychology is relevant to numerous work settings and applies research in the effort to increase productivity in the workplace. Organizational psychology focuses on specific conduct and behaviors employees exhibit on the job; particularly ones in need of intervention...
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...[Pick the date] [Pick the date] Business Psychology Individual Assignment Business Psychology Individual Assignment Prepared by – Dashny Sarvaloganayagan Lecturer – W.M.S. Rambadagalla Unit code – F/601/1027 Batch No – 13 Edexcel No – GI 18931 American College of Higher Education, Kandy Prepared by – Dashny Sarvaloganayagan Lecturer – W.M.S. Rambadagalla Unit code – F/601/1027 Batch No – 13 Edexcel No – GI 18931 American College of Higher Education, Kandy Contents Plagiarism Acknowledgement Introduction 1.1 Major theoretical approaches 1.2 Assess the contribution of a scientific approach to investigating workplace behaviour 1.3 Assess strength & limitations of qualitative & quantitative approaches to understand the workplace behaviour 2.1 Describe the type of individual differences which have been the subject of assessment 2.2 Assess the usefulness of psychometric instruments with particular references to reliability and validity 2.3 Make justified communications for the use of two types of measures of individual differences in making business decisions 3.1 Use the theory to explain human reactions to change 3.2 Make justified recommendations for implementing change in selected organization 3.3 Make justified...
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...School of Psychology 2013 Paper Outline Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences PSYC573-13A (HAM) Personnel Training & Development Lecture times/rooms: Thursdays, 09:00am – 10:50am. Room I1.08. Lecturer/Convenor: Donald Cable, Room K1.01. Extn: 8296. Email: dcable@waikato.ac.nz Student consultation hours: Thursdays 14:00-15:00. Other times by appointment. Paper Description The aim of this paper is for you to develop an understanding of the theory, research, and practice relating to training and development (including career development) in organizations. Upon successfully completing this course, you should be able to: understand, and apply personnel training and development psychology theory and research, and bridge the gap between this and the practice, conduct training needs analyses and evaluate training and development (including career and professional development) initiatives, identify or develop training programs which incorporate sound principles of learning and training transfer, identify and develop the competencies that will support you in pursuing a career as an organizational psychology (or HR) practitioner with a focus on the training and development of individuals in organizations. Blending the exploratory learning aspect of Active Learning with proceduralized instruction, and creating a learning environment within which students are actively encouraged to construct knowledge, this paper includes lectures with associated readings, student seminars...
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...Management Putting Research into Action A Publication of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Performance Management The Professional Practice Series The Professional Practice Series is sponsored by The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Inc. (SIOP). The series was launched in 1988 to provide industrial and organizational psychologists, organizational scientists and practitioners, human resources professionals, managers, executives and those interested in organizational behavior and performance with volumes that are insightful, current, informative and relevant to organizational practice. The volumes in the Professional Practice Series are guided by five tenets designed to enhance future organizational practice: 1. Focus on practice, but grounded in science 2. Translate organizational science into practice by generating guidelines, principles, and lessons learned that can shape and guide practice 3. Showcase the application of industrial and organizational psychology to solve problems 4. Document and demonstrate best industrial and organizationalbased practices 5. Stimulate research needed to guide future organizational practice The volumes seek to inform those interested in practice with guidance, insights, and advice on how to apply the concepts, findings, methods, and tools derived from industrial and organizational psychology to solve human-related organizational problems. Previous Professional Practice...
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...Organizational Psychology Kevin Reynolds PSY/428 May 29, 2012 Dr. Jeff Dunlap Organizational Psychology Government agencies, corporations, for-profit, and not-for-profit organizations are all composed of individuals making a larger, whole organization. Several factors can influence an individual, and the organization. Stress, working conditions, and external factors such as work-life balance influence an organization. Organizational Psychologists offer organizations ideas in the area of work environment conditions, work-life balance, and production improvements by using available methods of analysis and research. Organizational Psychology is "a field that utilizes scientific methodology to better understands the behavior of individuals working in organizational settings” (Jex & Britt, 2008 p.1). Organizational psychology concentrates on the human aspect of the working environment. Using research, surveys and interviewing, organization psychology will allow the psychologist to suggest process improvements and other ways to improve workplace conditions. Similar concentration of study will affect and can also improve production efficiencies. Organizational psychologists study and report on employee behaviors. Organizational psychologist will offer suggestions for improvements with the goal of influencing positive production, employee morale, and increase in profits. Research and Statistics Psychologist will use research and statistical exploration to develop theories...
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...Organizational Psychology? Beyounka Bonner PSYCH 570 March 2, 2014 Dr. Vicki Koenig What is Organizational Psychology? According to Britt and Jex (2008), organizational psychology is grounded in scientifically studying one’s behavior and interactions that one has within the workplace, as well as other organizations. Organizational psychology has an extreme effect on a company’s success rate; it has an impact on a company’s work performance, gratification, security, healthiness, and overall well-being of a company’s employees. Research on employee’s behaviors and assertiveness, methods on how improvements can be made to the company’s hiring process, training programs, and managerial coordination are all conducted by organizational psychologists. Organizational psychologists assist organizations in transitioning through different times of adjustments, growth, and developments. There are many factors that may influence the way in which one behaves in an organization, such as, the structure of an organization, societal norms, managing styles, and the expectation of different roles. Although the field of organizational psychology is indebted to the study of organizations that are formal, it is not to say that the organization will always be one that is a business or that is one for profit; which is a common misconception about this field (Britt & Jex, 2008). This essay will explore the field of organizational psychology. Evolution of Organizational Psychology The...
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...Organizational psychology is just one of the many practice areas of the much larger domain, psychology. Both organizational psychology and its overarching study, psychology are rooted in science and use scientific data to help them find, diagnose and fix problems. Although both organizational psychology and general psychology diagnose and solve problems, their practice areas and methodologies are very different. General psychology focuses on psychological disorders and helping individuals in their personal lives. Organizational psychologists are not trained to diagnose psychological disorders. Organizational psychologists focus their attention on individuals as a larger group, generally found in the workplace. The objective of an organizational psychologist’s work is usually to help an organization become more effective. Just as organizational psychology is a subfield of psychology, it is also a subfield of the broader field of industrial-organizational psychology, or I/O psychology. According to “Industrial and Organizational Psychology” (2014), “Industrial/Organizational (I/O) psychology is both the study of behavior in organizational work settings and the application of the methods, facts, and principles of psychology to individuals and groups in organizational and work settings” (para. 1). I/O psychology combines two major divisions: industrial psychology and organizational psychology (Huelsman, 2008). Industrial psychology could be considered psychology for human resources...
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