...The Inuit tribes of Alaska are a foraging and horticultural people, moving during the different seasons to wherever the best source of food is. The different Inuit travel in smaller tribes during the Summer so as to not place a large strain on the available recourses and environment of the certain area, this is called Fission, during the Winter months the Inuit tribes come back together to form larger tribes and this is called fusion (Nowak B & Laird P, 2010) because of the small bands the Inuit rely heavily on a kinship type of culture, during this paper I will explain how kinship has affected the Inuit way of life. The Inuit people live in environments that are considered very harsh and unable to be cultivated for crops the Inuit people must rely on the ability to forage and hunt for food. When an individual goes to hunt for seal of elk because those are the staple foods of the Inuit people (Nowak B & Laird P, 2010) if he is successful then he will first ensure that his family is fed but because the Inuit are constantly moving to where the food is, having the excess food turns out to be a hindrance because then they would have to insure that the extra traveled with them, so instead after insuring that his own family is fed a hunter will then share the extra meat with a hunter who was not successful during that particular hunt, this is called Generalized reciprocity, which is an act in which something is given with the belief that things will eventually even themselves...
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...explore the world, globalization has had an effect on every culture. The cultural traditions and belief systems of the first explorers had an effect on the indigenous people of the lands where their ships landed. In modern times, with technology making the world a smaller place, the ability of individuals to take their culture around the world has become simpler. Globalization effects native people in ways both positive and negative. The positive effects include the influx of capital that allows for improving the standard of living, competition that can encourage innovation, and introduction of advance technologies from western nations that can improve life in developing areas of the world. There is also an increased global awareness of issues and greater access to foreign culture such as movies, music, food, and clothing. Negative implications of globalization include the outsourcing of jobs to countries where labor is cheaper, loss of cultural identities as different cultures mingle, and the spread of disease as people move around the world. Natural ecosystems are affected by globalization due to the introduction of invasive species of plants and animals (Steif, 2010). This paper will discuss the effects of globalization on two cultures, the South American Incas and the Inuit people of the north. The Inca people lived in Peru for over three hundred years. They were a rustic culture that had skills in animal breeding and agriculture (About Peru History, n.d.). They were...
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...The economy of Nunavut is territorial government and Inuit. Known for mineral exploration, mining, fisheries, Inuit art, tourism, and harvesting. The economic consequences of viewing Nunavut of the Territorial North as “Canada’s last frontier” is that for an emerging economy and the involvement of more Nunavummiut in their own development economically, I believe their needs to be more physical infrastructure improvements in this territory. With years of not much investment and neglect, it has really made it tougher to fix some or even all challenges. For this region, it has severe infrastructure deficit, therefore, its capital stock is important. Now, when we talk about tourism, “currently there is a multi-level framework for vessel traffic...
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...to science fiction, educating a child’s mind produces what we as a society will be exposed to and learn from. Ancient myths were the first tools used to teach our children where we came from and how the world around them came to be. Then there were the Greeks, introducing writing and a way to record our thoughts more accurately. With each generation, new concepts were discovered to teach with. It wasn’t until the invention of the movable type printing press in the 1400’s, that more children had a better chance for an education. Cheaper production meant less expenses, and more opportunities for widespread publication of books and reading material. The Bible was still the main teaching format used, but the printing press allowed more people to own their own bible. Most writing was still directed toward the adult population, but slowly, adults started realizing there was a need for information directed toward the child, more easily understood. By the mid-eighteenth century a man named John Newberry came along with the idea of creating books specifically for the child, publishing “A Little Pretty Pocket Book” in 1744”. This opened a whole new era for children wanting to read. Although the didactic element was the mainstay of literature for children, folktales were making a comeback as early as 1729. Old standbys, like Mother Goose, and Little Red Riding Hood, were still favorites for the young ones. The Industrial Revolution brought about some big changes in children’s literature...
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...Compare and Contrast Essay The Inuit Tribe and the Lakota Tribe both have similarities and differences. For example, The Inuit Tribe is cold and The Lakota Tribe is hot. A similarity means what the two things have in common or alike. A difference means what the two things do not have in common. Here are the differences of the Lakota and Inuit tribe. The climate of the Inuit is different from the lakota. Life in the Lakota Tribe very hot. So, the climate of the Lakota Tribe is hot and dry. On the other hand, the life in the Inuit Tribe is cold. So the climate of the Inuit is cold and wet. It is cold because the Inuit tribe mostly lives in the northern zones.(Some near the Arctic.) However, the Lakota tribe lives near the middle...
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...Inuit of the Artic Kinship ANT 101: Introduction to Cultural Anthropology September 29, 2012 As we study anthropology we ask ourselves the question, what is anthropology and what is the meaning of cultural? In the studies we learn that anthropology is the study of people, their origins, and their cultures. We learned that cultural is the system of government, style of dress or even types of sexual behavior and food. So we put together the words cultural anthropology and the text tells us it is “the comparative study of human cultures with the objective of deepening our understanding of the human condition” (Laird, 2010). With all this to reflect on, this writer will discuss the kinship systems of the Inuit people and their cultural and how it affects them. “The kinship among people is described as is a relationship between any individuals who share a genealogical origin, through biological, cultural, or historical descent. It is one of the most basic principles for organizing individuals into social groups, roles, categories, and genealogy” (Versatile, 2011). The kinship system among the Inuit is describe as the lineal system of terminology emphasizes the nuclear family by specifically identifying mother, father, brother, and sister, while merging together all other relatives such as maternal and paternal aunts, uncles, and cousins, without differentiating among them. An example, one's father is distinguished from his father's brother (uncle) but one's father's brother...
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...How does the writer show the conflict in her thoughts and feeling about hunting? The writer uses her personal experience to describe the feeling and thoughts in a harsh environment vividly. In the third paragraph, the writer writes a few sentences to show that ‘an essential contributor to the survival of the hunters in High Arctic’. It can be obviously seen that catching the narwhals to eat is necessary, as the people need to survive on them. The author uses some technical language such as ‘vitaminC’ and ‘scurvy’ to implie that this is the only source of food, energy, tools and money in the High Arctic, which shows her sympathy to the hunters as hunting for Narwale is the only job they can do. The area in the High Arctic is not suitable for growing other vegetables. Narwhals has a rich source of useful nutrition, so Inuit people catch the narwhal as a main source of food. Also, the Narwhal’s ivory can be used for many things such as ‘harpoon tips’, ‘hunting implements’ and ‘central beam for their small ancient dwellings’. These fully describe that Inuit people can’t live without the Narwale, as it can help the Inuit people to survive. The writer’ feelings are explicit in the sixth paragraph, the hyperbole, such as ‘my heart leapt’ is used when the hunter was about to harpoon the narwhal. It shows how narwhal’s intriguing action is. The hunter has much courage to catpure the Narwale, which it is not a easy job at all and should...
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...Cold water naturally absorbs and dissolves carbon dioxide better than warm water (National Snow and Ice Center, 2014, para. 2) and oceans overall intakes 30% of the world’s emissions (Griffin, 2015, p. 101). This builds up carbon dioxide in our natural carbon sinks, especially in the Canadian Archipelago and affecting Inuit lifestyle in Nunavut. Humans have artificially contributed to this in numerous ways. The Industrial Revolution brought new technology, jobs, and opportunities and is uncoincidentally aligned with the rising of acidic levels in the oceans. From the Revolution until now, the pH of the ocean has dropped by 0.1 unit, representing a 30% increase in acidity (Griffin, 2015, p.101). The main reason for the rise in acidic levels lies with fossil fuel emissions. Carbon dioxide emission is not only limited to industries, but encompasses all kinds of activity that involves the presence of CO2 including transportation, electricity, and heat production. Deforestation and its lack of environmentally friendly laws also play a part in the sufferings of those...
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...portraying reality based on the materials and activities in the film. Firstly, as soon as Nanook begun, viewers were able to see the geographical local and the lives of the individuals participating in the film. According to Ruby, the “essential in good drama is designed in Nanook to transform the audience’s ethnocentrism into empathy for a people, a culture, and a hero” (Ruby 2000, 74). Basically, by viewing Nanook viewers are able to see the aspects of a culture that is focus on the “human versus the environment” (Ruby 2000, 74). The film includes a representation of the daily activities that occurred in the lives of the...
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...a case study file on Global Warming in the Arctic You should include: i. A map/definition of the Arctic ii. Evidence for the extent of warming iii. Key environmental, social and economic changes iv. Are there any advantages to global warming in the Arctic? v. Global concerns. Definition The Arctic is a polar region at the top of the world in the northernmost region of the Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean and parts of Canada, Russia, the United States, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. Evidence for the extent of global warming The average Artic temperatures have risen at 2 times compared to the of the world with the increase being 3-4°c in the last 50 years. In the next 100 years people predict that temperature of land will rise by 3-5°c and 7°c over the oceans. The ice withdrawal was at it smallest ever with its biggest ever retreat since records began, US scientists have confirmed that this is true. Also the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) said the extent of the retreat was 4.13 million sq km. which breaks all previous records breaking the previous record of 5.32 million sq km in 2005. This allowed the Northwest Passage to be declared open. There are concerns that Arctic will shrink, and with the melting glaciers and other ice in Greenland, could soon contribute to a substantial rise in sea levels worldwide. And sea levels have risen significantly with the sea levels rising from a mix of mountain and...
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...Misconception and Reality of Canada’s Aboriginal Peoples Gloria Yu Misconception: The terms "Aboriginal" and "Native" are used to define one homogenous group of people in Canada. "Indigenous”, "Native", and "Aboriginal" are used as broad terms to collectively describe three different cultural groups known as "First Nations", the "Metis", and the "Inuit". These three groups all have their own unique culture, historical background, and political goals. The group known as “First Nations” has 633 bands, representing 52 cultural groups or nations and over 50 languages. Most individuals prefer to be called by the specific nation they belong in because each has its own traditional political structure, history, and spirituality. “Aboriginal” is a term used to describe individuals or...
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...opportunity rather than a threat. (10) Some groups and communities view the melting of Greenland’s ice sheet as an opportunity rather than a threat because the melting ice creates some commercial advantages for the Arctic region; the Northern Sea Route, North of Canada, is the quickest way of travelling from Europe to the Pacific and Asia. This also increases the tourism opportunities because 30% of Inuit earn income from sculpture and printmaking for tourists, as the tourist ships are able to transport to the northern Canada. As the rapidly melting ice offers commercial opportunities in shipping, tourism and oil and gas extraction, the world’s largest economies are struggling but as well as trying to achieve and get hold of the region within the Arctic. A region in the Arctic thought to be contain 30% of the world’s undiscovered gas and 13%% of undiscovered oil. In addition, more oil can be used by groups of Inuit for essentials like the uses of fossil fuels. In Alaska, due to the new drilling activity, it creates new job opportunities and incomes for the local economy, which means more Inuit, get the job opportunities like this. Furthermore, there are currently four more mining operation being setting up and soon, it will provide jobs for natives in Greenland. In 2007, the Northwest Passage between Canada and Arctic melted enough to allow shipping for the first time and also allow more opportunities for activities like offshore oil exploration. Analysts think the economic impact...
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...Collapse- book is about a history topic about how societies choose to fail or survive. The main characters are historical people and unknown kings of Mayan cities or Easter Island villages. Jared Diamond tells the story of the Viking explorer Erik the Red, who discovered Greeland and Vinland (Terranova, in Canada). Another character is captain Olafsson, a norse sailor who wrote the last news about Greenland in 1410. Another main character is Christopher Columbus, who arrived at Hispaniola in 1492, but now this island is two countries, the Dominican Republic and the Haiti. Diamond studied the politics of two presidents. the dominican Rafael Trujillo, who protected the enviroment and the dictator François, Papa Doc, Duvalier, who decided on politics of deforestatation of his country, Haiti. The author considered the bad politics of another main character, king George II, who was interested in sending merinosheeps from Spain to Australia, an idea which was succesful from 1820 to 1950 but then the farmers understood their lands lost fertility. Another main character is Tokuwaga Jeayasu, a shogun of Japan in 1600, who prohibited Christianity in 1600 and protected his country againt deforestation. The book takes us to a lot of places around the globe: Mayan cities, Rwanda, Viking colonies of Vinland or Greenland, Haiti and Dominican Republic, Easter Island and Polynesian colonies in Pacific, and the Chaco villages in New Mexico (United States). The time period was from 800 AC, when...
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...DEFINITION FROM WIKI (understand and write it yourself) In ecology, resilience is the capacity of an ecosystem to respond to a perturbation or disturbanceby resisting damage and recovering quickly. Such perturbations and disturbances can include stochastic events such as fires, flooding, windstorms, insect population explosions, and human activities such as deforestation and the introduction of exotic plant or animal species. Disturbances of sufficient magnitudeor duration can profoundly affect an ecosystem and may force an ecosystem to reach a threshold beyond which a different regime of processes and structures predominates.Human activities that adversely affect ecosystem resilience such as reduction of biodiversity, exploitation of natural resources,pollution, land-use, and anthropogenic climate change are increasingly causing regime shifts in ecosystems, often to less desirable and degraded conditions. Interdisciplinary discourse on resilience now includes consideration of the interactions of humans and ecosystems via socio-ecological systems, and the need for shift from the maximum sustainable yield paradigm to environmental management which aims to build ecological resilience through "resilience analysis, adaptive resource management, and adaptive governance". The concept of resilience in ecological systems was first introduced by the Canadian ecologist C.S. Holling in order to describe the persistence of natural systems in the face of changes in ecosystem variables...
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...inhabiting or existing in a land from the earliest times and before colonists. Animism: The attribution of a living soul to plants, animals, inanimate objects and natural phenomena. Elder: A person (male or female) venerated for age and wisdom. Faith keeper: Member of a nation selected to maintain the traditional ceremonies and rituals. First Nations: An aboriginal band, or a community functioning as a band, but not having band status. Does NOT include Inuit or Métis. Genesis: The origin, the beginnings, the formation of something. Indigenous: Originating naturally in a region, belonging naturally to an environment (of people) born in a region. longhouse: Iroquois home, cigar-shaped, about fifty metres long and ten metres wide, a dwelling shared by several families. Longhouse: The religion of the Iroquois. Monotheism: The belief in one God. Polytheism: The belief in or worship of more than one God. Oracy: The ability to express oneself fluently in speech and to understand a spoken language. Powwow: A gathering of Aboriginal people with ritual dances, drumming and chanting. Reincarnation: The belief in the rebirth of a soul in a new body or form Sachems: The supreme chief of a clan. Shaman: Medicine man or spiritual leader. Smudging ceremony: A purification ritual that includes the burning of sweet grass and drawing smoke ritually over body. Tipi: Cone shaped tent and dwelling found in the nations of the Great Plains. Totem pole: A long pole in which several totems are...
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