...Running Head: INVESTIGATING YOUR OWN MENTAL MODELS “Investigating Your Own Mental Models” Running Head: INVESTIGATING YOUR OWN MENTAL MODELS 1. 1. Describe the mental model thoroughly, including its origins, how long it has been established, conversations you have heard about it, etc. According to Hrepic (2011), “wider studies of mental model definitions show that no consensus exists about the definition of the term mental model and “some definitions of the concept are even contradictory.” “Canas and Antol”, believe the main reason for disagreements in the definition of the mental model is that the term has been used by researchers who work in different fields and who focused on its different aspects. However, “Van der Veer” believes that although there is no agreement about the exact definition of the concept, in general, “mental model” refers to the internal representations that people form of the environment through their interaction with it”(p. 1). In other words, mental models are believed to be assumptions, beliefs, generalizations even stereotypes of a person’s belief system that is often generated by their experiences. According to Senge (2006)...
Words: 1783 - Pages: 8
...http://www.mcdonalds.co.uk/content/dam/McDonaldsUK/People/Schools-and-students/mcd_finance.pdf IMPORTANCE OF STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS: Eventually, all projects rely on selecting stakeholders with whom they can mutually work towards aims that will decrease or overturn the threats to your main conservation targets. A stakeholder analysis can assist a project or programmes identify like: The welfare of all stakeholders who may influence or be affected by the programme/project; Possible differences or threats that could put at risk the programme; Chances and relationships that can be made on throughout execution; Groups that should be positive to contribute in different stages of the project; Suitable approaches and strategies for stakeholder commitment; and The full involvement of stakeholders in both project design and performance of is a key to - but not an assurance of - victory. Stakeholder participation helps following activities: Gives people a little idea over how projects or policies may change their lives; Is necessary for sustainability; Generates a logic of ownership if started early in the advance procedure; Gives opportunities for learning for both the project team and stakeholders themselves; and Builds ability and improves responsibility. Stakeholder analysis is also a proper time to discover whether or not gender will be an issue in the amplification and carrying out of future efforts. It is well standard that discrimination by gender is possible to reduce...
Words: 1362 - Pages: 6
...INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, KOZHIKODE Business Information Systems Management Term Project Details The objective of the term project is to learn how various concepts learned in the course are applied across business organizations in India. Different groups may look at different aspects covered under modules 1-4 in real Information Systems used in different organizations in India (e.g., Group 1 would be investigating the social impact aspects of IS in company X while Group 2 would be investigating the strategic impact aspect of IS in X). The findings will be shared across the other groups by way of presentation. Primary or secondary sources could be used for information gathering. Where ever, official letters are required for information gathering, TA would facilitate that. The topics will be suggested by the faculty and will be announced in Moodle. An interim report of 3-4 pages showing the progress should be submitted by 15 Feb 2013 and the Final report (10-12 pages) should be submitted by 1 March 2013. The presentations are scheduled during the last two sessions where each group will get around 10 minutes for presentation. Term Paper Interim Report guidelines: The interim report should include the following (3-4 pages): * Title of the assigned project * Section * Group Identification (with Roll Numbers) * Scope of the project * Sources of Information (Primary/Secondary) * Initial observation * Division of effort Also...
Words: 290 - Pages: 2
...Rylie S. Kinsey To influence or not to influence: External reference price strategies in pay-what-you-want pricing Journal of Business Research Jennifer Wiggins Johnson & Annie Peng Cui Markets & Stakeholders ORGL 4443 Online Course <http://www.sciencedirect.com.vortex3.uco.edu:2050/science/article/pii/S0148296312002524> In a nutshell, the authors are investigating the title of the article. They are investigating “pay-what-you-want pricing” and the consumer. They are, like the companies, trying to figure out how to maximize the firm’s yield while giving consumers the freedom of choice, while choosing their own price. Johnson and Cui do a very good job of uncovering evidence and information on the subject from multiple kinds of businesses, from music, food, and household products. In all honestly I believe that in my personal opinion that the authors are both describing and explaining something. The method of pay-what-you-want is being described and then it is being explained by telling how, individual companies and businesses are using it. The major characteristics here are the consumers who are choosing the prices in the pay-what-you-want pricing, the businesses involved and how they are profiting or not profiting from, and the outcome for the consumers and the companies after the use of the pay-what-you-want pricing method. Also, the pay-what-you-want pricing method is being explained here. Cui and Johnson’s research is showing us exactly how this method...
Words: 671 - Pages: 3
...Fraud Auditing and Different type of fraud Introduction Over the years, the role of auditors become increasingly important especially in a capitalist economy as the process of wealth creation and political stability depends heavily upon confidence in processes of accountability and how well the expected roles are being fulfilled. An auditor has the responsibility for the prevention, detection and reporting of fraud, other illegal acts and errors is one of the most controversial issues in auditing. The most frequently debated areas amongst auditors, politicians, media, regulators and the public is where the fraud is coming from and by whom. This disagreement has been especially tinted by the collapse of big corporations like Enron and WorldCom. The unforeseen fall of Enron and WorldCom traumatized the world as both of these companies received clean bills of health from their auditors immediately prior to their for bankruptcy. Type of fraud Fraud itself comprises a large variety of activities and includes bribery, political corruption, business and employee fraud, consumer theft; network hacking, bankruptcy and divorce fraud, and identity theft. Many find it helpful to separate between internal and external fraud. Internal fraud is usually found by internal auditors. In the Statement of Auditing Standards 99, it’s defines fraud as an intentional act that results in a material misstatement in financial statements. There are two types of fraud considered: misstatements arising...
Words: 2588 - Pages: 11
...Overview of Research Methodology The research is the search of knowledge. Research is finding out answers to the questions in a systematic and scientific way or investigating existing facts to generate new knowledge or to validate existing knowledge. It can also define as a careful, systematic, patient study and investigation in a specific field of knowledge. For a better quality research one should stick on to a most suitable methodology. The methodology is the collection of methods to be used i.e., the way in which research is to be undertaken. The methodology is different from method. The methods define how to collect the data and to find out specific solution. In the field of Business, research methodology enabled the team to organize their...
Words: 1134 - Pages: 5
...BTEC Business Report 1.0 introduction I am writing this report as I am investigating three different types of businesses within my local area. In this report I will be reflecting on why the businesses are the chosen types of ownerships. Furthermore, I will be discussing the businesses which are of the following types; PLC, Ltd and Partnership. 2.0 findings The three businesses I am investigating will be Tesco PLC, Ford Motor Company Limited and The John Lewis Partnership. I have chosen these three businesses because they all have different ownerships and they give me a wider range to research as I discuss why different ownerships may be better for the type of business. 2.1 Tesco The first business I have chosen is Tesco. Tesco PLC is multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer. It is the second- largest retailer in the world measured by profits and second-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues. It has stores in 12 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in the UK. In the UK it has a market share of around 30%. Tesco have a big advantage as they are operating as a PLC because advantages of a Public Limited Company are that shares can be advertised, shares can also be sold through the stock exchange, large plc's may find it easier to borrow from banks and shareholders have limited liability. In my opinion the most suitable type of ownership would be a PLC because a Public Limited Company's stock can be...
Words: 864 - Pages: 4
...implemented successfully. Different stakeholders (including top management, project manager, project team members and ERP consultants) from these case studies were interviewed, and ERP implementation documents were reviewed for triangulation. An ERP life cycle framework was applied to study the ERP implementation process and the associated problems in each phase of ERP implementation. Fourteen critical failure factors were identified and analyzed, and three common critical failure factors (poor consultant effectiveness, project management effectiveness and poo555îr quality of business process re-engineering) were examined and discussed. Future research on ERP implementation and critical failure factors is discussed. It is hoped that this research will help to bridge the current literature gap and provide practical advice for both academics and practitioners. Keywords: Critical Failure Factors, ERP Implementation, ERP Life Cycle. 1. Introduction An ERP system is an integrated software solution, typically offered by a vendor as a package that supports the seamless integration of all the information flowing through a company, such as financial, accounting, human resources, supply chain, and customer information (Davenport, 1998). ERP implementation is a lengthy and complex process, and there have been many cases of unsuccessful implementations (Parr and Shanks, 2000), which have had major impacts on business performance. As ERP plays a very important role in business, ERP implementation...
Words: 737 - Pages: 3
...page summary on reporting and investigating measures The purpose of a code of ethics/conduct is to have a written set of guidelines for a company to follow with how it is to conduct its business. It is a tool that outlines the company’s procedure on its standards of professional conduct. Though the language should be written to outline the way it conducts business, this is only one element to a code of conduct. By putting policies into place, the code of ethics sets the standard and it also creates a path with how the company manages the way employees are to deal with problems and prejudices. There are many elements that need to be addressed within the structure of the policy, and one of those elements that must be addressed, in its creation, are the threat potential. The threat potentials, also known as risk managements, are issues like sexual harassment, etc., which is a major reporting concern of code violations (Accounting Web, 2009). Another detail that should be addressed is the point that there is really no specific wording or standard for the structure of the policy, only that the company has to write the context in simply terms that everyone can understand. Then its trial and error from there once the policy is put into place. This is why it is important to update the company’s policies every year, so it can make room for improvements with the issues it has dealt with in the path. I can suggest to the company a few different ways it may want to take regarding...
Words: 787 - Pages: 4
...Controlling Organized Crime Darci Pelkey CJA\393 September 19, 2011 Jennifer Williamson Controlling Organized Crime A group of people who work together to help each out in criminal activities is considered organized crime. This organization has thrived during the prohibition and became a part of the Western society. The urbanization of major cities have provided the environment in, which organized crime could thrive (Finkle, 2010). The considerable population within the major cities have provide a critical mass of criminal, customers, and victims and thus the facilitation of the development of profitable markets in prohibited goods and services. Even through the laws like the Racketeer Influence and Corrupt Organization in placed to help to prevent the organization activities, the technological advances have modernized the organized crimes methods and have created an international problems. The long-established organized organization can be consisted of one ethnicity and has been focused on an isolated function of their area. The modern organized organizations approaches have cross control and function internationally. Within the United States, the first efforts to controlled organized crime began to come into view in the 1960’s (Finkle, 2010). There were commissions formed that studied organized crime and to help to form methods that could control the organized crime appropriately. These studies reflected the growing concern...
Words: 1353 - Pages: 6
...have been made to raise the proportion of female participants in representative organs. In Tanzania economy the most popular strategy especially since 1990 has been the involvement and participation of women in microfinance programmed to assist Micro and Small Enterprises owners. This enables Small and Medium business owners to have an access to finance from financial institutions so as to raise their capital where necessary (Milgram, 2002). Despite the favorable environment and conditions given to the Women Entrepreneurs’ especially in accessing microfinance from Financial Institutions (FI), the number of those accessing finance in developing countries like Tanzania is still low. This creates a lot of concerns among the stockholders, and hence indicates that there are still problems on women entrepreneurs which result in poor performance of their business. My study therefore will sought to assess the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs while accessing microfinance from commercial Bank. This is important due to the fact that entrepreneurship development is very important to the country’s economic development. In other words, the study will aim at investigating the contribution and effects of financial institutions to the entrepreneurship development in Tanzania. 2 . Background to the problem...
Words: 615 - Pages: 3
...Decision-Making Process Cheri Combs MGT 230 April 30, 2012 Jonathan Graff Decision-Making Process There was a time in my life when I had to make a decision on whether to remain a renter or purchase a home. Decisions such as these require a process, not necessarily every step that was outlined in our test, but a process none the less. I could not just go into this life changing decision without first deciding if there was a problem with my current situation, doing research, shopping, consulting, investigating, and finalizing the decision. My first step of deciding if there was a problem with my current situation is similar to the first step in the decision making process outlined in our text, “Identifying and Diagnosing the Problem” Bateman, T. S., & Snell, S. A. (2011). I needed to decide if renting was benefitting my current situation. It had been fine for me in the past as I was a single person with no responsibilities to anyone other than myself. In that situation, renting was the perfect option for me as I did not have to worry about property maintenance, home repairs, property taxes, or location. After a few years my situation had changed as I had married and was planning on starting a family. I now had to change my way of thinking that would incorporate other people into my living situation. My second step was, again, similar to the second step defined in our text, “Evaluating Alternatives” Bateman, T. S., & Snell, S. A. (2011). I now needed to decide...
Words: 664 - Pages: 3
...on August 25, 1819 in Glasgow, Scotland and died on July 1, 1884 in Chicago Illinois. Allen Pinkerton was a cooper by trade and was involved in Chartism which was a political group that wanted political and social reform. Because of his deeds within this group, Allen Pinkerton was to be arrested but he decided to flee from Glasgow, Scotland to Chicago, Illinois to avoid arrest. After several private detectives works which led to the capturing of a counterfeiting ring; Allen Pinkerton was appointed deputy sheriff of Kane county in 1846. Soon after his appointment he went on to become the Cook county sheriff. In 1851 Allen Pinkerton resigned from the Cook county sheriff’s office and decided to go into business for himself. He decided to open up a private detective business that would specialize in railroad cases. “The Pinkerton National Detective Agency became one of the most famous organizations of its kind. Its successes included capture of the principals in a $700,000 Adams Express Company theft in 1866 and the thwarting of an assassination plot against President-elect Abraham Lincoln in February 1861 in Baltimore. In 1861, working for the Union during the Civil War, Pinkerton, under the name E.J. Allen, headed an organization whose purpose was to obtain military...
Words: 814 - Pages: 4
... or information by speech, writing, or signs. In other words, communication is the process of sharing information or conveying a message from one individual or party to another through the use of many different mediums. One of the primary reasons for success in business and social settings is competent information sharing and because of this, significant strides have been made to advance technological resources to assist contemporary needs of communication. The importance of communication, in every field of life, cannot be neglected, making these advances that much more paramount. Keeping the importance of communication in consideration it can be stated that effective communication plays a major role in criminal justice settings as well since without having a grasp over communication methods, the individual cannot win the favors of the opponent and using a police officer as an example is great evidence in this regard. For a police officer, oftentimes, the stakes are much greater since his or her actions are more severely scrutinized while investigating a case, validating his or her position in court, and also before the press. Having excellent verbal skills as well as non-verbal gestures or postures helps the officer perform their job at a higher level. Not only at the business, social, political, and economic levels does effective communication play an impactful role but it is also significant to use efficient and sophisticated communication in the criminal justice field as...
Words: 1581 - Pages: 7
...consumer’s buying intention 3. To measure the willingness of consumers to pay a premium being aware of the company’s CSR 4. To determine the change of customer loyalty to company as CSR activities exist in the settings 5. To make an in depth comparison of the consumer’s perception between companies with different CSR levels and that which has none 6. To differentiate the level of customer’s satisfaction on the company with CSR to that of no CSR 7. To identify the contributions of company’s CSR to the development of its competitive advantage 8. To provide companies in the local areas of recommendations of whether or not to employ CSR activities RATIONALE/SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been publicized as an effective management tool to strengthen the company’s performance through the creation of a better image in stakeholder's mind and also because of their responsible behavior in minding the overall welfare of the society. CSR has not been given much attention voluntarily in previous years. Most companies were only surprised by public responses to issues they had not previously thought were part of their business responsibilities. In fact, the undertaking of CSR has been through many evolutions in its concept and application because of the environmental activism as well as government regulations. Socio-civic organizations of all kinds have been more aggressive and effective in bringing public pressure to bear on corporations...
Words: 992 - Pages: 4
