...woman Antigone is Sophocles' Antigone, and the 19th century Englishwoman Jane Eyre in Jane Eyre, can be seen as highly unfavourable and disdainful of women. Both Antigone and Jane Eyre struggle and resist against a society which places men above them, and which sees expressions of female autonomy and liberty as unfavourable trends. Antigone and Jane Eyre both live in societies where a patriarchal culture dictates how these women should act within society, and what type of behaviour is acceptable, and which isn't. The control and subjugation of women – and the way they express themselves – can be seen as a consequence of discursive formations which aim to define the intrinsic qualities of men and women. It is in this context that the stories of Antigone and Jane Eyre can be seen as challenging conventional notions of gender and gender stereotypes, a highly pervasive discourse which affects a cluster of other ideas. This essay will argue that the characters Antigone in Sophocles' Antigone and Jane Eyre in Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre are characters who challenge gender discourses which were very prominent during their time, and subsequently, the ideational influences which structured leadership, the creation of identities, opinions regarding natural attributes, and cultural . While Antigone lives in a pre-modern society dominated by males who take the subservience and submission of women to be a given, Jane Eyre is a young woman within modern society who also challenges residual gender...
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...Film Review: Jane Eyre Review by: L. E. J. Target audience: 16+ Medium: Magazine Starring: Ruth Wilson, Toby Stephens, Lorraine Ashbourne. Run time: 202 min 1 Introduction Inspired by the 1847 novel written by Charlotte Bronte, director Susanna White created this interesting adaptation in the form of a four-episode miniseries simply called “Jane Eyre”, released in 2006, starring actors Ruth Wilson, Toby Stephens and Lorraine Ashbourne. 2 The story The story of Jane Eyre is one of hardship, jealousy and contempt, but also one of love, forgiveness, happiness and much, much more. Throughout the roughly three-and-a-half-hour plot we witness a woman’s journey from being an unwanted child left at an orphanage at an early age, into developing a far more interesting life than most would have expected. Jane Eyre never knew her parents. She spent her early years with her aunt and two cousins, all of whom despised and resented her. Little Jane is an intelligent child, but her stubbornness only adds to her aunts hatred of her. Her aunt is convinced that the child is “possessed by Satan”. Still a child, Jane is kicked out of her Aunts home and has to live in an orphanage for girls. The rule there is strict, and she is quite eager to get out, which she finally does eight years later when she is employed as a governess to the ward of a wealthy man named Edward Fairfax Rochester. It is here in Sir Rochester’s castle most of the plot plays out. For the first time in the...
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...Themes in Jane Eyre Love and Passion One of the secrets to the success of Jane Eyre, and the source of its strength in spite of numerous flaws, lies in the way that it touches on a number of important themes while telling a compelling story. Indeed, so lively and dramatic is the story that the reader might not be fully conscious of all the thematic strands that weave through this work. Critics have argued about what comprises the main theme of Jane Eyre. There can be little doubt, however, that love and passion together form a major thematic element of the novel. On its most simple and obvious level, Jane Eyre is a love story. The love between the orphaned and initially impoverished Jane and the wealthy but tormented Rochester is at its heart. The obstacles to the fulfillment of this love provide the main dramatic conflict in the work. However, the novel explores other types of love as well. Helen Burns, for example, exemplifies the selfless love of a friend. We also see some of the consequences of the absence of love, as in the relationship between Jane and Mrs. Reed, in the selfish relations among the Reed children, and in the mocking marriage of Rochester and Bertha. Jane realizes that the absence of love between herself and St. John Rivers would make their marriage a living death, too. Throughout the work, Brontë suggests that a life that is not lived passionately is not lived fully. Jane undoubtedly is the central passionate character; her nature is shot through with...
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...Jones Holloway English 4 9 December 2015 Social Statuses in Jane Eyre In Bronte’s Jane Eyre, the main character Jane is an orphan who lives with her very rich aunt. In the book, the issue of social status and slavery comes into play, and Jane encounters these different status’s and even in conflict trying to determine her own. Many times within the book, her social status changes and her perspective of who she is, compared to the other around her, is constantly changing. The lowest social status that someone is affiliated with in the book is that of a slave or that of a servant. Jane had many interactions with servants throughout her life. However Jane was not condescending toward the servants that she encountered. She treated them...
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...A Comparison of Jane Eyre and Lin Daiyu in the View of Philosophy and Feminism I. Introduction 1.1 A Brief Introduction of Jane Eyre and Lin Daiyu “A Dream of Red Mansions” is one of the most outstanding works of China’s classic novels of realism. It bases on the background of Jia, Shi, Wang, Xue four families’ rising and falling, with the clue of the love tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu. It truly and artistically reflects the historically declining trend of China’s feudal society. “A Dream of Red Mansions” can also be described as “Girls’ Country”, which is the anthem of female, but also is the threnody of women. The heroine Lin Daiyu, Annatto Fairy, wants to repay the goodness of God Shen Yin, taking her lifetime of tears in exchange for his being saved. Her rebellious sprit and solitary character, makes her as a lotus opening at a secluded place, clinging to her own pureness—for pure you came and pure shall go. She is sentimental and unfortunate, and is doomed to being lonely and pathetical .She, Lin Daiyu, lives under another’s house—Rong mansion, Grand View Garden, and she has no one to complain her sadness to. She is “Yea to the very end of heaven, Where I could find a fragrant grave!” in frustration, “What time the third moon comes, the scented nests have been already built. And on the beams the swallows perch, excessive spiritless and staid” in sorrow, and finally ends up with the sadness of “Flowers fade and maidens die; and of either naught any more is known”...
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...Q2: Comparison of Jane Eyre and “Goblin Market” Bronte’s Jane Eyre and Rossetti’s “Goblin Market” are both texts written in the Victorian period. They both carry similar themes of the evils of patriarchy and the importance of empowering women to assert their identity in this time period. Both Jane Eyre and Laura are characters that are affected by the issues that mainly affected women in the male-dominated Victorian society. This is clearly portrayed when the men in both texts try to confine women physically and emotionally through deception and force. The different portrayal of both male and female characters also plays a very important role in communicating these issues. Rossetti’s “Goblin Market” can be read as a criticism of Victorian arrangement of marriage. She stresses the importance of women’s friendship as the main agent that can help in fighting against or changing society’s exploitation of women. The two sisters represent two different kinds of women; Lizzie, the submissive ones and Laura, those that fought against patriarchy, and the goblins represent the patriarchal system. It shows that women can control their destinies, gain some level of independence, and avoid society’s oppressive rules and work towards their liberation and happiness. In the Victorians society men where more educated, powerful and rich hence they dominated women. Women were subjugated to the home as housewives whilst their husbands earned money for the family. This gave the men even more...
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...ESSAY ON JANE EYRE Question: “Jane’s passionate nature and unconventional behaviour is rewarded by Bronte in the novel’s happy ending.” I agree with this statement and set out my reasons below. ‘Jane Eyre’ written by Charlotte Bronte is the story of the life of an orphan set in 19th century Victorian England. In the first chapter Jane is introduced as a ten year old living in the home of her Aunt Reed and three cousins, John, Eliza and Georgiana. She is living with her Aunt Reed only because her husband (Jane’s mother’s brother) made her promise on his deathbed to look after Jane. Jane is treated cruelly and is never loved by her aunt and cousins. From the early chapters of the novel we see Jane’s passionate nature and unconventional behaviour emerging through her confrontations with John and Mrs Reed. In chapter 4 page 37 after Mrs Reed’s meeting with Mr Brocklehurst and it is decided that she is going to Lowood, Jane declares determinedly “I am glad you are no relation of mine. I will never call you aunt again as long as I live. I will never come to visit you when I am grown up; and if anyone asks me how I liked you, and how you treated me, I will say the very thought of you makes me sick, and that you treated me with miserable cruelty.” In chapters 5 to 10, Jane attends Lowood where she lives for nine years, seven as a student and then two years as a teacher. During this time Jane suffers under harsh conditions, cruel teachers and the strict rules of Mr Brocklehurst...
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...doubles, such is the case of Bertha and Jane in the novel Jane Eyre. Jane who is a poor English clergyman’s daughter was raised in a charity school; Bertha on the other hand is an exotic Creole, and a wealthy Jamaican planter’s spoiled daughter. Furthermore, how is it that these two distinct characters could be considered each other’s double? Despite the clear contrast in characterization between Jane and Bertha, it is important to note similarities in their lives at Thornfield. While Jane feels figuratively trapped, Bertha is...
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...Dystopia Regrettably it is at this point that we find a gradual switchover from Utopia to Dystopia - societies whose planning is far from ideal, and which all too often come to grief. As a concept, Dystopia emerges at the end of the long Eighteenth Century, possibly as a result of social upheaval and the long wars. it comes to the fore towards the end of the Nineteenth Century with gloomy forebodings as to the impact of industrialisation. Some go for a mechanical paradise. Others foresee a world order where things have got beyond repair - and that's not just the machines. Jack London in The Iron Heel (1908)sees the collapse of the American republic between 1912 and 1932 with the rise of 'The Oligarchy' (though he also thinks that international worker solidarity will avert a world war in 1913). Dystopia is highly pessimistic in tone. It traces what happens when things go wrong, either in an ideal world which has gone into crisis or decline, or else is a portrayal of of a world where society has collapsed at some time in the past. It is form of writing with a moral - and a warning. The irony is that reality can be stranger than fiction. The finale of The Mission is a case in point. The humanitarian goals of the Jesuit Fathers ironically contained the seeds of destruction for the Missions. The presence not only of rational Indians, but Christianised ones who were highly skilled proved to be too much of a temptation for the bandeirantes, slavers who came across from Brazil and...
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...Beteckning: Humanities and Social Sciences Double Oppression in the Color Purple and Wide Sargasso Sea. A Comparison between the main characters Celie and Antoinette/Bertha. Ingela Lundin 2008 C-essay English Literature Supervisor: Dr Maria Mårdberg Examinator: Dr Helena Wahlström Table of Contents 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose and main questions ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Method and material......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Theoretical approach ........................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Previous research – an overview ...................................................................................... 3 1.5 Introducing the novels ...................................................................................................... 4 2. A comparison of the double oppression in the two protagonists’ marriages.................. 6 2.1 The diminishing and isolation of Celie and Antoinette/Bertha........................................ 6 2.2 The upholding of the white man’s norm ........................................................................ 14 Conclusion..........................................................
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...Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë An Electronic Classics Series Publication Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë is a publication of the Pennsylvania State University. This Portable Document file is furnished free and without any charge of any kind. Any person using this document file, for any purpose, and in any way does so at his or her own risk. Neither the Pennsylvania State University nor Jim Manis, Faculty Editor, nor anyone associated with the Pennsylvania State University assumes any responsibility for the material contained within the document or for the file as an electronic transmission, in any way. Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë, the Pennsylvania State University, Electronic Classics Series, Jim Manis, Faculty Editor, Hazleton, PA 18202-1291 is a Portable Document File produced as part of an ongoing student publication project to bring classical works of literature, in English, to free and easy access of those wishing to make use of them. Cover Design: Jim Manis Copyright © 2003 - 2012 The Pennsylvania State University is an equal opportunity university. Charlotte Brontë Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë PREFA PREFACE A PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION of Jane Eyre being unnecessary, I gave none: this second edition demands a few words both of acknowledgment and miscellaneous remark. My thanks are due in three quarters. To the Public, for the indulgent ear it has inclined to a plain tale with few pretensions. To the Press, for the fair field its honest suffrage...
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...Sept 3, 2014 The Merchant of Venice The Merchant of Venice is a play written by Shakespeare, the most influential writer in history. The Merchant of Venice is about a variety of relationships: “Father-daughter; husband-wife; male friends; female friends; money lender-borrower; and Christian-Jew.” The relationship explored in this essay is the father-daughter relationship of Shylock and Jessica. Shylock is a Jewish moneylender in Venice, and he is so immersed in the business that he neglects his daughter Jessica. Shylock despises Christians, because of the mistreatment he suffered at their hands, and he encourages Jessica to do the same. Jessica is very different from her father. She is in love with Lorenzo, a young Christian boy, who her father disapproves of. The relationship between shylock and Jessica is very dysfunctional. Example is when Jessica is talking with Launcelot and she says “I am sorry thou wilt leave my father so; our house is hell, thou a merry devil” (p.30). Jessica detests her home life and wants to leave it behind. She also states “Alack, what a heinous sin is it in me to be ashamed to be my father’s child...I shall end this strife, become a Christian, and thy loving wife” (p.31). Jessica is confined to her father’s wants and wishes, but she is very unhappy. Therefore, when a chance of freedom came she took it. Jessica chooses to elope with Lorenzo, the one she is in love with and convert to Christianity. Shylock was a bad father. For instance, he says...
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...Chapter 22 – Life in the Industrial Age. (1800-1914). (1) The Industrial Revolution Spreads. (2) The World of Cities. (3) Changing Attitudes and Values. (4) A New Culture. First Belgium. Factories. 1807. Daguerre Perfects. Photography. 1839. Darwin. Publishes. 1859. Wright Brothers. Fly. 1903. (1) The Industrial Revolution Spreads. Setting the Scene. The second Industrial Revolution is marked by the spread of industry, the development of new technologies, and the rise of big business. By 1880s, steel replaces steam as symbol. New Industrial Powers. In first Industrial Revolution Britain stands alone as world industrial giant. Britain tries to protect its lead through laws against export of inventions (or inventors). By mid-1880s, others challenge Britain dominance. In Europe. Elsewhere. 1807. Belgium becomes first European nation outside Britain to industrialize. British mechanic (William Cockerill) opens factories to make spinning, weaving machines. 1871. Germany unifies into powerful nation. Becomes Europe’s leading industrial power. 1900. USA emerges as world’s leading industrial power. Some nations in southern and eastern Europe (sans resources) are slower to industrialize. Japan industrializes rapidly after 1868 to become leading industrial power in Asia. Technology and Industry. In first Industrial Revolution inventions (like steam engine) are work of gifted tinkerers. In second Industrial Revolution professional chemists and engineers create new products. Early inventors...
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...OLD ENGLISH LITERATURE • Palaeolithic nomads from mainland Europe; • New inhabitants came from western and possibly north-western Europe (New Stone Age); • in the 2nd millennium BC new inhabitants came from the Low Countries and the middle Rhine (Stonehenge); • Between 800 and 200 BC Celtic peoples moved into Britain from mainland Europe (Iron Age) • first experience of a literate civilisation in 55 B.C. • remoter areas in Scotland retained independence • Ireland, never conquered by Rome, Celtic tradition • The language of the pre-Roman settlers - British (Welsh, Breton); Cornish; Irish and Scottish Gaelic (Celtic dialect) • The Romans up to the fifth century • Britain - a province of the Roman Empire 400 years • the first half of the 5th century the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes (N Germany, Jutland) • The initial wave of migration - 449 A. D. • the Venerable Bede (c. 673-735) • the Britain of his time comprised four nations English, British (Welsh), Picts, and Scots. • invaders resembling those of the Germans as described by Tacitus in his Germania. • a warrior race • the chieftain, the companions or comitatus. • the Celtic languages were supplanted (e.g. ass, bannock, crag). * Christianity spread from two different directions: * In the 5th century St Patrick converted Ireland, in the 7th century the north of England was converted by Irish monks; * in the south at the end of the 6th century Aethelberht of Kent allowed the monk Augustine...
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...Introduction: China's hotel industry has only really existed since 1978. So far, it has been drawing on the successful experience of the Western, or simply copies part of the management mode from western hotels. Undoubtedly, both the hotel management theories and modes in western countries are advanced and perfect compared with those of China. However, just as Rome is not built in one day, the successful and mature mode is developed and accumulated throughout a long time in Western society. If the successful experience is engrafted directly to China’s hotel industry, confusions and discrepancies will occur essentially due to the cultural differences between China and the West. As the pace of International economic integration goes increasingly faster, China’s hotel industry is facing the challenge of creating its unique management characteristics and choosing proper management modes based on absorbing advanced experiences from the west. In this paper, the cultural effects on the differences of hotel management styles in China and Western countries are discussed specifically from humanity cognition, way of thinking, sense of hierarchy and innovation consciousness points of view, etc. By such comparison and analysis, gaps of management standards can be easily seen between China and West. Then, some theoretical references are proposed as suggestions for the right direction of China’s hotel management methods so as to meet the international standards. 1. Introduction...
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