...Reach Out and Touch: Using NFC and 2D Barcodes for Service Discovery and Interaction with Mobile Devices Eamonn O’Neill1, Peter Thompson2, Stavros Garzonis1, and Andrew Warr1 1 Department of Computer Science, University of Bath, UK, BA2 7AY {eamonn, s.garzonis, cspaw}@cs.bath.ac.uk http://www.cityware.org.uk 2 Vodafone Group R&D, Newbury, UK, RG14 2FN peter.thompson@vodafone.com Abstract. We investigate the use of 2 tagging technologies: Near Field Communication (NFC) and 2-dimensional barcodes. Our investigation combined a field trial and interview based study with an experimental evaluation. The field trial focused on users’ experience of the usability of NFC for a range of trial services, users’ perceptions of NFC use in their daily life context, and users’ suggestions for potential applications of NFC. The tags were embedded in a variety of postcards, table-top signs and posters. The experimental evaluation compared the ease of use of NFC and 2D barcodes, operationalised in terms of time taken to read a specified sequence of tags on posters. We found that for untrained users the 2D barcodes were quicker to use than the NFC tags but that training significantly improved users’ performance with the NFC tags while having no effect on their performance with the barcodes. 1 Introduction The use of ambient tags read by mobile devices presents new possibilities for service discovery and user interaction. Service discovery is an increasingly important issue as we move towards...
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...ANNUAL REPORT 2010-2011 Department of Telecommunications Ministry of Communications & Information Technology Government of India New Delhi ANNUAL REPORT 2010-11 DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS & IT GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI CONTENTS I. II. III. Indian Telecom Sector: An Overview ...................................................................................1-14 Telecom Commission.................................................................................................................... 15 Department of Telecommunications .....................................................................................17-29 III. 1. III. 2. III. 3. III. 4. III. 5. III. 6. III. 7. III. 8. III. 9. IV. V. VI. VII. Wireless Planning and Coordination ..................................................................30-39 Telecom Engineering Centre .................................................................................40-42 Universal Service Obligation Fund .....................................................................43-47 Controller of Communication Accounts Offices ...............................................48-50 Vigiliance Activities .................................................................................................51-52 Telecom Network Security ....................................................................................53-56 Empowerment of Women .............................................
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