...will all be thrown out of France, except for those who die there” -Joan of Arc Joan of Arc is historically known as a heroic girl, who led multiple battles to victory for her native country of France in the Hundred Years War, pitted against England. The Hundred Years War was a conflict between medieval France and England, starting with mere disputes over territory, following to King Edward III of England claiming that he was the rightful ruler of France. Furthermore, King Edward III decided to invade France, and claim what he believed was rightfully his, causing a war that would last for more than a century. Causes of the War Prior to this infamous crusade, disputes had been fairly common between the two substantial countries. War finally erupted after the King of England, Edward III, claimed that he was the King...
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...Introduction Jeanne d’Arc or commonly known as Joan of Arc, is a well known Patron Saint of France. As a child, she started receiving visions from God, which lead her to seek out King Charles, the rightful King of France to take the throne. She was a strong, powerful woman, who put her faith in God even at the cost of her own life. This inspirational women became a huge influence to people everywhere. Through her dedication to God and her faith in His plan for France. Jeanne d’Arc (or in English, Joan of Arc) was born in the year 1412. She was born into a peasant family in Domrémy-la-Pucelle, France. Her parents were Isabelle Romee and Jacques d’Arc. She had three other siblings, Pierre d'Arc, Catherine d'Arc, and Jacquemin d'Arc. She...
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...Joan of Arc was born on January 6, 1412 in the village of Domremy. Her parents, Jacques and Isabelle d’Arc named her Jehanne at birth . Joan grew up in a time of turmoil and trouble for France. The King of France during her childhood years was Charles VI, who was only twelve years old when his father died. Charles VI was known to have frequent spells of delusion, prompting family members to take over the throne. Soon after, the Duke of Louis of Orleans was assassinated in 1407 on the orders of his cousin, the Duke Jean-sans-Peur de Burgundy. After this time, France was divided between the two family factions, the Armagnac and the Bourgogne . War with England was not new to France. In several previous wars England had stolen land away from France, some of which was recovered during the reign of Charles V. Yet after Charles VI inherited the throne his leadership was so weak that almost all gains made by his father were lost. The uncles who seized the throne did not provide much more in the way of leadership than Charles VI. Fragmented and vulnerable, France found itself at war with England again in 1415. Claiming a legal right to the French throne, King Henry V of England invaded Normandy in August of 1415 and quickly defeated the French Royal army. The French citizens met the news of the English win with disbelief, given that the French far outnumbered the English. Many of the French royal family were killed, and Duke Charles d’Orleans was sentenced to serve 25 years as a prisoner...
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...Charleen Adler Professor Anne Dorn Composition 1 25 November 2013 My Hero "One life is all we have and we live it as we believe in living it. But to sacrifice what you are and to live without belief, that is a fate more terrible than dying" (Biography Online). These are the words of a true hero, Joan of Arc. She is my hero because of her persistence, her bravery, and her closeness with God. Joan of Arc, or more appropriately Jeanne d'Arc, was a simple, peasant girl born at Domremy in Champagne (St. Joan of Arc). Although she could not read or write, she was very talented at sewing and spinning (St. Joan of Arc) and spent most of her youth on her father’s farm (Joan of Arc). I believe that people probably did not expect much from the girl, especially when taking the time period into consideration. “When Joan was about 12 years old, she began hearing ‘voices’ of St. Michael, St. Catherine, and St. Margaret believing them to have been sent by God. These voices told her that it was her divine mission to free her country from the English and help the dauphin gain the French throne. They told her to cut her hair, dress in man's uniform and to pick up the arms” (Joan of Arc). This makes sense due to her attitude towards the church. “It is said by friends that: ‘She was greatly committed to the service of God and the Blessed Mary’” (Biography Online). During Joan’s time, the Hundred Years War was taking place. “But by May, 1428, she no longer doubted that she was bidden...
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...Joan of Arc or Jeanne d’Arc in French was born in a village which was part of eastern France in 1412. She was considered heroine of France and a Roman Catholic saint. Joan said she received visions of the Archangel Michael, Saint Margaret, and Saint Catherine instructing her to support Charles VII and recover France from English domination. At the time of Joan’s childhood, France was seriously divided with a lack of national unity. King Henry V of England had invaded France and defeated the French army. This famous victory over the French nobility left the country weak and divided. Under Charles leadership, French were without direction and real leader. When Joan of Arc came to the court she overwhelmed Charles with her passion and conviction. She was given control over an army and allowed to lead them into battle. Within a year Joan of Arc had led the French army to victories and many other towns were also liberated from English control. However a year later Joan was captured and sold to the English. The English and members of the French clergy decided to put her on trial for witchcraft. The trial was a very testing experience for Joan, but, her responses were much sharper than her prosecutors expected. As expected, Joan was found guilty and condemned to death by burning at the stake. Joan of Arc achieved a remarkable achievement in her short life of 19 years. In particular she embodied religious devotion with great bravery and humility, her life helped change the course...
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...and displayed, with their appearance coded for strong visual and erotic impact so that they can be said to connote to-be-looked-at-ness,” (205). What kind of looks, gazes, or points of identification structure (or destabilize) The Passion of Joan of Arc (Carl Th. Dreyer, 1928)? Your response should engage Mulvey’s claims. The Passion of Joan of Arc is a silent film directed by Carl Th. Dreyer made in France in 1928. In Laura Mulvey's essay, “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema,” she argues that the female stars receive the look, while male stars take control of film space. She also points out that the women’s role in the Classical Hollywood cinema is to satisfy the viewer and to be a passive character, i.e. being pleasant to look at. This essay will argue Mulvey's analysis such as: active/man and passive/female, a woman/actress being looked at as an attractive object and the female role in the cinema industry depicted by The Passion of Joan of Arc film. I will try to prove that Mulvey's claims cannot be related to this film. First of all, because the film is concentrated on the form, Dryer's goal is not to show Joan as a sexual object, but to demonstrate the power of the close-up and facial expressions. Secondly, La Passion de Jeanne d'Arc is an independent film made in France, outside Hollywood environment, and that...
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...Saint Joan is a historical play in the sense that this drama is based on the facts of history and its chief characters and events are taken from history. But as ‘Saint Joan’ is a drama, it is not a mere transcript of history, but an imaginative treatment of the facts of history blended with fiction. In spite of much authenticity, there is much modification in details and minor matters, much shifting, ordering, condensening and compressing of material. In this way this historic play is a blend of fact and fiction. “Joan of Arc, a village girl from Domrémy, was born in about 1412; burnt for heresy, witchcraft, and sorcery in 1431… declared Blessed in 1908; and finally canonized in 1920. She is the most notable Warrior Saint in the Christian calendar, and the queerest fish among the eccentric worthies of the Middle Ages.” These are Shaw’s words to describe Jeanne d’Arc. She was a teenage peasant girl who crowned a reluctant king, rallied a broken people, reversed the course of a great war, and pushed history onto a new path. Both warrior and mystic, reviled as a heretic and witch, revered as a savior and eventual as a saint, Joan of Arc strikes a chord in history that reverberates across the centuries and calls out to us even today. She is a woman about whom Shaw said there were only two opinions: “One was that she was miraculous; the other that she was unbearable.” Life and Career of Joan: In Shakespeare’s Henry VI, the presentation of the Maid ends in mere scurrility, Schiiller’s...
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...St. Joan of Arc Leaders are born, not made. The Great Man Theory states that a “Great Man” would arise, almost like magic, to lead the people in times of need. Was Joan of Arc such a person? Or was she just a disturbed, confused teenager? Or perhaps she was a messenger of God? It is all subject to personal interpretation. In modern times, if you admit you talk to dead people, saints or not, you are considered out of your mind. However, no one can argue the historical fact that before Joan of Arc became involved in the 100 Years’ War, France was doomed to failure. Saint Joan, also known as Jeanne, was born on January 6, 1412, in the Village of Domremy. The village was in the middle of unstable surroundings: The French on one side, the English on the other. She was born as an illiterate, peasant daughter to Jacques d’Arc and Isabelle Romee. Her father was a farmer and the leader of the French Village Domremy during the time of the 100 Years’ War. Joan learned domestic skills and religion from her mother. Around the time she was thirteen, she claimed she could hear voices from Saints such as Michael, Margaret, and Catherine. They told her God would help her if she behaved and attended church regularly. From that point on, the Saints supposedly contacted her three to four times a week. Her vision from God and the Saints told her to recover her homeland from English domination. She petitioned the French Governor Count Robert de Baudricourt at Vaucouleurs to visit the French...
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...Joan of arc was born Jeanne D’Arc in 1412 AD. It was in the French town of Domremy where her love for the Catholic Church grew. She was not taught to read or write, but instead to love God. Under threat of invasion from the English, Joan’s family, and many others like them, were forced to evacuate their homes in 1422. When she turned 13, Joan started to hear voices telling her to save France. She later determined that these voices were God telling her to deliver France from England, and place Prince Charles of valois in the French throne. She also managed to convince a local court not to arrange a marriage for her at the age of 16. At first Robert de Baudricourt, a local magistrate, didn’t allow Joan to travel with all the men to Chinon,...
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...Joan of Arc -- the seventeen-year-old peasant girl, who, as she said herself, "did not know ‘A’ from ‘B’, " but who, in a year and a month, crowned a reluctant king, rallied a broken people, reversed the course of a great war, and shoved history into a new path --what are we to make of her? The people who came after her in the five centuries since her death tried to make everything of her: demonic fanatic, spiritual mystic, naive and tragically ill-used tool of the powerful, creator and icon of modern popular nationalism, adored heroine, saint. She insisted, even when threatened with torture and faced with death by fire, that she was guided by voices from God. Voices or no voices, her achievements leave anyone who knows her story shaking his head in amazed wonder.’ Joan was born into a poor common family in the peasant village of Domrémy in the French province of Lorraine in 1412. She grew up a simple but unusually devout farm child during the height of the Hundred Years’ War. Disaster after disaster befell her native France -- the English invaders and their Burgundian allies conquered and occupied the northern half of France including Paris. Dauphin Charles VII, the rightful but un-crowned king of France, set up the remnants of his royal court at the town of Chinon. From here, this weak monarch of questionable competence tried to rule over the unoccupied rump of France. Starting in May, 1428, Joan, claiming that God was directing her through the saints, repeatedly approached...
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...As a child I spent a brief period studying ballet and on a visit to Prague, in February 2013, I enjoyed watching the Russian Ballet perform 'Giselle' at the Prague State Opera House. I have often wondered why so many ballets and the female heroines in them end in tragedy. My essay will discuss the issues that female heroines face and the events that eventually bring them to their fate. I will also discuss the origins and definitions of ‘heroine’ and ‘tragedy’. In order to examine my chosen themes I started my investigation by watching, analysing and comparing the films ‘Black Swan’, ‘The Red Shoes’ and the ballet ‘Giselle’. I read the feminist writings of Marina Warner on the portrayal of women, the Catholic Church and also her book on ‘Joan of Arc. In my essay I will be discussing the themes of love, conquest, devotion, deception, spirituality and how they play a role in altering the lives of the female protagonists in various different situations and offer my own opinions on how the tragedies are formed. I will begin my comparison of the female heroines that I will be discussing, with Giselle. Figure 1'Giselle and Count Albrecht' The Russian Ballet Giselle is a poor peasant’s daughter who falls in love with Count Albrecht. Count Albrecht’s character plays the main part in the protagonist Giselle’s downfall during the ballet, as he breaks her heart when she learns that he is betrothed to another higher socially standing figure. The fact that Count Albrecht has ultimately...
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...T he Catcher in the Rye is set around the 1950s and is narrated by a young man named Holden Caulfield. Holden is not specific about his location while he’s telling the story, but he makes it clear that he is undergoing treatment in a mental hospital or sanatorium. The events he narrates take place in the few days between the end of the fall school term and Christmas, when Holden is sixteen years old.As Holden goes out to the lobby, he starts to think about Jane Gallagher and, in a flashback, recounts how he got to know her. They met while spending a summer vacation in Maine, played golf and checkers, and held hands at the movies. One afternoon, during a game of checkers, her stepfather came onto the porch where they were playing, and when he left Jane began to cry. Holden had moved to sit beside her and kissed her all over her face, but she wouldn’t let him kiss her on the mouth. That was the closest they came to “necking.” Holden leaves the Edmont and takes a cab to Ernie’s jazz club in Greenwich Village. Again, he asks the cab driver where the ducks in Central Park go in the winter, and this cabbie is even more irritable than the first one. Holden sits alone at a table in Ernie’s and observes the other patrons with distaste. He runs into Lillian Simmons, one of his older brother’s former girlfriends, who invites him to sit with her and her date. Holden says he has to meet someone, leaves, and walks back to the Edmont. Maurice, the elevator operator at the Edmont, offers to...
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...Holden Caulfield is the protagonist in the novel the Catcher in the Rye. The 16 year old boy writes of his journey through a personal period in his life. He is alone and desperate for relationships. He feels as if everyone despises him and he fears the idea of growing up and becoming a “phony.” He is also afraid of death, mainly because of his experience with the death of his little brother Allie. Through his journey he goes from a lonely secluded boy who has nothing figured out to a young adult who has learned to accept others and has a small chance of hope in life. Holden thinks of himself as a sophisticated person who sees and understands all around him, but his not. Really he is just a kid at heart and wishes to stay a kid forever. He has a theory that children are pure and the epitome of innocence and once they grow up and become adults they become impure and corrupt, and for that reason Holden wishes to stay a kid forever. This causes Holden to be slightly distant from others and not very friendly. This isolation hurts him and tries to find way to communicate with others but can’t. With all of the personal problems his dealing with his school life suffers. He had dropped out of prep school and had no apparent plans for the future. Some of his old teachers like Mr. Spencer and Mr. Antolini try to help Holden and give him advice. Mr. Antolini criticizes Holden and Holden is forced to see the problem. Holden is afraid of the adult world and doesn’t want to be a part of...
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...Holden Caulfield, from Catcher in the Rye can be kept under observation for psychological problems. From what’s been read in the book, Holden seems like a troubled boy. You can tell from the four different schools he’s been kicked out of and especially that he is unable to relate or connect with any others and voices strong harsh opinions about others. As the story goes on, many more reasons about his troubled-ness should unfold. His symptoms cannot be filed away in a readily disorder or given advice from Dr. Phil. It may be helpful for Holden to know of his conditions, and also advice from Dr. Phil which he might be able to use to help relive somewhat of his troubles. First of his we could address is where he judges everybody and everything. Holden judges them in many categories but frequently judging them into groups of either being phony, stupid, or insecure. He judges everyone so quickly. To him phony people are considered who are predictable not insincere. That is considered strange because most consider phonies as ones who are insincere. What could be advised from Dr. Phil’s articles is to see everything in a positive light. Maybe Holden judges everyone and everything constantly to cover his own fear of being judged by others and what he needs to do is have control over it. He probably knows his actions causes people to talk and that’s why he talks about others. In order to control this, he just control his actions and not do anything that others could talk...
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...Joan Miro was born on 1893 in Spain and he was a Spanish artist for the twentieth century. When he moved to Spain in 1919 after the World War I he met other struggling artist including Pablo Picasso who is also a Spaniard like Miro. Most of the artists there were Surrealist which is working with dreams, memory, and abstract. Joan Miro was a surrealist who created abstract art of people. He would use simple lines and flat, bright colored shapes to create his work. The reason Joan miro used abstract symbols was because after he graduated high school at the age of 17 he got sick and had to go to a families barn to recover but while he was there he used his surrounding such as the sun, plants, a ladder, and animals which was represented as realistically. In most of his art you will see a circle or lots of circles, this was his favorite shape. In one of his artworks called dog barking in the moon he created an image of a ladder going into the dark sky of going nowhere, the grotesque looking dog who is howling at the distorted moon, and a mysterious bird like figure above the ladder. He creates images like this to let the viewers use their imagination to figure out the haunting visual image. Joan Miro became famous for making a self portrait out of the style of abstract and then later he painted another self portrait of himself but more realistic but still has a little abstract. People loved his artwork because of the shapes and the bright colors and the thick bold lines in his...
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