...someone become a saint?" ). Patron saint of France, Joan of Arc, was one of the candidates who had to face this wait, gaining the venerable title of Saint 489 years after her death in 1431 (Banfield 20). Born in 1412, Jeanne d'Arc, only later known as Joan of Arc, lived her childhood out as a normal peasant girl in...
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...Joan of Arc also known as The "Maid of Orleans" was a typical peasant girl that was born in a small village of Domremy, in North-East France. Joan of Arc's brave actions earned her a place in French history as a heroine and a saint of Roman Catholic Church. Unlike most women Joan was ahead of her times, she wanted to serve in The military as well as wear Mens clothing. This was due to Joan's belief that women were equal to men and were fully capable of doing the same things that men did. However, during the time period Joan of Arc lived in, these ideas were unheard of and were considered absurd, eventually leading to Joan of Arc's tragic death. In this essay I will discuss Joan of Arc's upbringing, women's rights in this era, her beliefs,her experience with hearing voices of 3 saints as well as her role in the liberation of France from England during the Hundred Years War. Even though Joan of Arc was uneducated and poor, the impact she made on history was remarkable, all because she believed that God used her as his instrument on earth. Joan of arc was your typical peasant girl born in the small village of domremy in 1412. her days consisted of helping her...
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...The birth of Joan of Arc occurred at one of the most crucial periods in French history. France was desperate for a leader to emerge from thin air. France’s cause was pathetic, until Joan of Arc arrived at the perfect time. Joan was born in January of 1412, it was a time full of despair and chaos. Joan was not quite a genius nor a great fighter, but every one of Joan’s action involved confidence and energy. The English army should have been scared the very moment they knew of Joan’s existence. As time passed, the French people gathered around her and supported every decision she made. Although, Joan was eventually captured and murdered; her life will always be vital to France’s victory. Joan of Arc is a national hero, a patron saint, and symbol of hope to every wandering soul of France. Joan’s motivation and dedication to God has inspired thousands of people over the last six centuries. Her persistence is sometimes seen as ignorance or stupidy but it is what made her the great leader that she was. Joan of Arc’s unmatched leadership, courageous mission, and tragic martyrdom propelled her to be one of the greatest military and religious heroines in Medieval France. Joan of Arc’s steadfast dedication to complete her mission from God acted as a guide and savior to the staggering nation of France. The task was given to Joan at a young age and Joan would forever carry the burdens and responsibilities of her mission. The mission was to crown Charles the dauphin King of France, relieve...
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...Joan of Arc -- the seventeen-year-old peasant girl, who, as she said herself, "did not know ‘A’ from ‘B’, " but who, in a year and a month, crowned a reluctant king, rallied a broken people, reversed the course of a great war, and shoved history into a new path --what are we to make of her? The people who came after her in the five centuries since her death tried to make everything of her: demonic fanatic, spiritual mystic, naive and tragically ill-used tool of the powerful, creator and icon of modern popular nationalism, adored heroine, saint. She insisted, even when threatened with torture and faced with death by fire, that she was guided by voices from God. Voices or no voices, her achievements leave anyone who knows her story shaking his head in amazed wonder.’ Joan was born into a poor common family in the peasant village of Domrémy in the French province of Lorraine in 1412. She grew up a simple but unusually devout farm child during the height of the Hundred Years’ War. Disaster after disaster befell her native France -- the English invaders and their Burgundian allies conquered and occupied the northern half of France including Paris. Dauphin Charles VII, the rightful but un-crowned king of France, set up the remnants of his royal court at the town of Chinon. From here, this weak monarch of questionable competence tried to rule over the unoccupied rump of France. Starting in May, 1428, Joan, claiming that God was directing her through the saints, repeatedly approached...
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...a child I spent a brief period studying ballet and on a visit to Prague, in February 2013, I enjoyed watching the Russian Ballet perform 'Giselle' at the Prague State Opera House. I have often wondered why so many ballets and the female heroines in them end in tragedy. My essay will discuss the issues that female heroines face and the events that eventually bring them to their fate. I will also discuss the origins and definitions of ‘heroine’ and ‘tragedy’. In order to examine my chosen themes I started my investigation by watching, analysing and comparing the films ‘Black Swan’, ‘The Red Shoes’ and the ballet ‘Giselle’. I read the feminist writings of Marina Warner on the portrayal of women, the Catholic Church and also her book on ‘Joan of Arc. In my essay I will be discussing the themes of love, conquest, devotion, deception, spirituality and how they play a role in altering the lives of the female protagonists in various different situations and offer my own opinions on how the tragedies are formed. I will begin my comparison of the female heroines that I will be discussing, with Giselle. Figure 1'Giselle and Count Albrecht' The Russian Ballet Giselle is a poor peasant’s daughter who falls in love with Count Albrecht. Count Albrecht’s character plays the main part in the protagonist Giselle’s downfall during the ballet, as he breaks her heart when she learns that he is betrothed to another higher socially standing figure. The fact that Count Albrecht has ultimately...
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...two paintings that Dali had which were called Palace of the Winds and The Hallucinogenic Toreador. These painting to me really showed the newer the representation of Barcelona can be then other artworks or artists. I remembered our tour guide told us about how Dali loved American cars, in which he had a Cadallaic in his museum. The images that were presented were in a abstract way that many either like or don’t like. The two photos that I have discussed above, both show a certain expression and representation on how to see the world. I was impressed at the skill level that Dali had when working on the quality of these pieces and others. In a way the beauty that comes from these paintings really expresses the feeling that Dali was trying to convey. Another piece of art was on La Rambla, were on the pavement was a mosaic on the "Pla de l'Os" is by famous Catalan artist Joan Miró. Created in 1976 and is located close to the birthplace of Miró which is "Passatge del Crèdit." This pavement mosaic looks contemporary, it uses a limited color...
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...Can Management be taught "The assumption that we can take people who have never managed, bring them into a classroom and teach them management is utterly wrong." Argument: The question of whether management education should be limited to candidates with prior experience in a work place cannot be answered without first answering the more fundamental question, what is the objective (or in MBA-speak, deliverable) of management education? At first glance, it seems irrational to restrict any particular field of education on the basis of something as unconnected from academic merit as age. The proponents of having students without work-ex in management schools argue on a number of planks, the prime one being the freshness of high quality talent just out of premier undergraduate schools, a claim which rests on the premise that being scholastically inclined inherently makes one a good manager. The latter view is particularly in vogue in Indian management education, especially when one considers the top rung schools like the IIMs, which pride themselves on selecting the best and brightest from the country's best undergraduate institutions like the IITs through a rigorous entrance process and subjects them to an exhaustive programme that teaches concepts in economics, business mathematics, organisation theory and even communication, convinced that after two years, they have produced thought leaders who are ready to contribute significantly to the firms they join and society as a...
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...Introduction： Consequently, to be an effective leader, the manager must impact of his associates in a positive way to accomplish the organizational goals and now there are mainly three main approach applications in leadership of organization, including trait approach, situational & contingency approach and transformational approach. And this style of leadership is more inclined to believe that the qualities a person is born, not developed or the relationships develop followers. The concept is that humanity is born with certain personality traits, called “a born leader” (Fred, R). For example, like these well-known people, Catherine the Great, Mohandas Gandhi, Abraham Lincoln, Joan of Arc, Napoleon Bonaparte and Steve Jobs, the common ground is that they are born leaders, the people are willing to follow with them because of the charisma (Bass, 1990; Jago, 1982). Next, situational leadership was developed by Paul Hersey, a professor, and Ken Blanchard, a leadership expert in 1977, and this theory focuses on the action of the leader depends upon the situational and followers (Cynthia, M). Closely related to the situational approach is what has become know as the contingency approach. The contingency theory of leadership was presented by the Austrian psychologist Fred Edward in 1964. Compared to situational approach, the contingency approach while emphasizing the situation, but also emphasizes the leaders personality (Sirje, V, 2009). Last, in the past two decades, a new paradigm...
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...Abstract Introduction The Salvation Army, an international movement, is an evangelical part of the universal Christian Church. Its message is based on the Bible and its ministry is motivated by the love of God. The mission is to preach the gospel of Jesus Christ and to meet human needs in His name without discrimination. (The Salvation Army 2003) The Salvation Army is funded by donations and voluntary support. The national headquarters is located in Alexandria, Virginia, while London serves as the site of its international headquarters. It is organized using a military model, following a similar chain of command, including military titles for personnel, local bands, and banners. While these officers are necessary, committed volunteers are also essential to the success of this extensive ministry and its programs. Historical Roots In 1865, the Salvation Army was founded in London by William Booth, an English Methodist minister. First known as the "Christian Mission" to provide social welfare assistance to the residents of urban slums and save them from their sinful lifestyles of prostitution, gambling, and drunkenness, it was renamed in 1878. Military ranks and titles were assigned according to their responsibilities. His wife, Catherine, was co-founder. The "soldiers" preached openly in the streets. They promoted high ideals of service and commitment. Importance of the Salvation Army The Salvation Army is currently active in ninety-eight countries, using...
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...influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task”. In my opinion, leadership is one of the most desirable qualities that a person can possess. No matter the environment, leaders are needed in every aspect of life. Children need leaders to help them develop, students need leaders to help them learn, and teams need leaders to help the group achieve a common goal. But the real question emerges, how does one become a leader? Are leaders born, or do they rise to the occasion? How do leaders get their peers to rally around their actions? Former National Football League linebacker Ray Lewis of the Baltimore Ravens epitomizes what a leader should be on the field. Lewis was a linebacker for 17 seasons (1996-2012) for the Baltimore Ravens, and the early 2000’s Ravens defense is considered one of the greatest units in sports history. However, while Ray Lewis was viewed as one of the best on the field leaders in NFL history, however his legacy, reputation, and image were tainted by actions away from the playing field.. How is it that a figure like Ray Lewis could be so revered on the field, but off the field he was heavily criticized for his actions and behavior? Throughout this essay I will analyze Ray Lewis’ upbringing and discuss how he developed his leadership qualities that caused former teammate Jamal Lewis to say, “In recent history, I can’t really think of a player who has been as valuable to a team as Ray Lewis has been. He’s...
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...Egyptian history. We follow with the most famous and ambitious of all, Cleopatra. She is mostly know for her struggles to win the crown and keep her country free among other things. She was with Julius Caesar, Roman general bearing him a son. Additionally she won the protection of Rome through an affair with Mark Anthony, and had three children with him. A lesser-known fact is that Cleopatra was highly educated and possessed an impressive intellect, being a student of philosophy and international relations We move now to the Victorian times and start off with Joan of Arc. Joan came from a peasant family, became a French heroine by leading the army of Charles VII. She captured and put on trial for witchcraft and fraud. She eventually just convicted wearing male clothes, an offense against the Church, sentenced and burned at the stake. Her legend grew and she became canonized in 1920…Saint Joan of Arc. Another woman during this era was Catherine de Medici, born into the influential Medici family of Florence, Italy. Catherine married into politics to Henri, Duke of Orleans, who later became...
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...INGRID BERGMAN Ingrid Bergman was born in Stockholm, Sweden, on August 29, 1915. Her mother died when she was only two and her father died when she was 12. Ingrid Bergman was one of the greatest actresses from Hollywood's lamented Golden Era. Her natural and unpretentious beauty and her immense acting talent made her one of the most celebrated figures in the history of American cinema. Bergman is also one of the most Oscar-awarded actresses. The woman who would be one of the top stars in Hollywood in the 1940s had decided to become an actress after finishing her formal schooling. She had had a taste of acting at age 17 when she played an unaccredited role of a girl standing in line in the Swedish film Landskamp (1932). It would be three more years before she would have another chance at a film. When she did, it was more than just a bit part. The film in question was Munkbrogreven (1935), where she had a speaking part as Elsa Edlund. After several films that year that established her as a class actress, Ingrid appeared in Intermezzo (1936/I) as Anita Hoffman. Luckily for her, American producer David O. Selznick saw it and sent a representative from Selznick International Pictures to gain rights to the story and have Ingrid signed to a contract. Once signed, she came to California and starred in United Artists' 1939 remake of her 1936 film, Intermezzo: A Love Story (1939), reprising her original role. The film was a hit and so was Ingrid. Her beauty was unlike anything the movie...
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...Lifespan perspectives ***** ******** Psy/375 June 25, 2012 ***** ******* Lifespan perspectives Although humans seem very different from one another, each human develops partly like everyone else, yet partly like no one else. Most of the time human’s attention is focused on one another’s unique qualities instead of realizing how similar humans really are. In fact, as humans, almost everyone has traveled some similar path. People such as, President Barack Obama, Joan of Arc, and Marilyn Monroe shared similar paths of life span development. Each one began to walk at approximately age one, began to talk sentences at about age four, as young children they played with toys while imagination worked wonders, and as young adults they would pack these toys up because they were no longer needed. As life goes on every human will experience almost the same developmental patterns from conception until death (Guest, 2011). Life-span perspective is the perspective that human development lasts all though out life. It views development as multicultural, multidirectional, multidisciplinary, plastic and contextual. In this perspective once a human hits their early 20’s, they have not completed development. In fact there are many developmental points in a human’s life after young adult hood that will last until death. This explains how human development is life-long (Guest, 2011). Multicultural can be defined as development that is affected by a person’s culture. Although...
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...shared direction, and do as the leader wishes are a few definitions that were used during the 1900’s (Northouse, 2013). Today, leadership is defined as a process that involves individuals or groups to reach a common goal (Northouse, 2013,). It’s motivating and persuading people to obtain a desired result through communication and influence. Leadership is also defined as a process that happens between a leader and a follower (Northouse, 2013). During the 20th century, researchers belived that there were natural born leaders who were born with the “trait” to lead. They believed these individuals had certain qualities and characteristics such as unique physical appearance, personality features, emotional, and cognitive traits that distinguished them from nonleaders. Leaders such as Catherine the Great, Mohandas Gandhi, Indira Gandhi, Abraham Lincoln, Joan of Arc, and Napoleon Bonaparte were studied by researchers in an effort to determine which traits separated...
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...THE SOCIAL ROLES OF MEN AND WOMEN In all societies the obvious biological difference between men and women is used as a justification for forcing them into different social roles which limit and shape their attitudes and behavior. That is to say, no society is content with the natural difference of sex, but each insists on adding to it a cultural difference of gender. The simple physical facts therefore always become associated with complex psychological qualities. It is not enough for a man to be male; he also has to appear masculine. A woman, in addition to being female, must also be feminine. However, once the contrast between men and women has been increased and accentuated in this fashion, it is usually taken as a further manifestation of biological differences which confirm the need for different social roles. Or, to put it another way, sex differences are used to create gender differences which are then explained as sex differences which, in turn, require gender differences, and so on. This may be no more than circular reasoning, but it is socially very effective. For example, in our own patriarchal society males enjoy a socially dominant position. Thus, from an early age, boys are helped to acquire a masculinity that allows them to assume and maintain that position. By the same token, girls are taught to cultivate a submissive femininity. The resulting difference in the male and female character is then described as inborn and used to defend the existing power...
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