...Goldeneye, it is pretty mighty. Jokes aside, the lesson to be learned here is that the words you use can truly cause harm to others, so can metaphors and messages that you can convey through your language in reputable publications. A situation that can represent this concept can be clearly discerned in David H. Freedman’s article “New Theory on How The Aggressive Egg Attracts Sperm”. Written in 1992, this article brings to light an unnerving reality about the world of research, that metaphors and preconceptions that many researchers may have can have genuine effects on the types of research being performing or more alarmingly, the interpretations of results. At it’s essence, this article describes a series of observations and reports done by an Emily Martin, researcher at John Hopkins, revolving around an allegedly male-centric perspective that had perpetuated in the field of reproductive science, citing to the evidence of researchers using diction and metaphors that reflect the idea that the sperm is a rough warrior and the egg is a damsel-in-distress archetype (however there is reputable evidence that points to quite the...
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...284 I The Johns Hopkins and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Control of communicable diseases 7 This measles 'jab' will help prevent this child from the consequences of measles such as pneumonia, malnutrition, blindness and brain disease. Photo:Marko Kokic,Canadian Red Cross Control of communicable diseases in emergencies Description This chapter gives an overview of common and emerging communicable disease threats among displaced populations because of natural and human-made disasters. General and disease-specific strategies for monitoring, preventing and controlling disease outbreaks are discussed. Learning objectives To review communicable diseases of public health importance; To discuss the basic principles for communicable disease control in emergency and post-conflict situations; To plan a communicable disease control programme for emergency settings; To discuss simple but effective ways of preventing outbreaks of communicable diseases; To describe how to manage specific disease outbreaks in emergency settings; To review re-emerging and other diseases that may affect displaced populations; To discuss how to monitor and evaluate communicable disease control programmes. Key competencies Identify communicable diseases of public health importance; Discuss the basic principles for communicable disease control in emergency and post-conflict situations; Discuss how to design and evaluate disease control...
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...State of Maryland – Risk Assessment Findings & Recommendations In the course of this Risk Assessment, we reviewed the statements that were made by Aviel. D. Rubin, professor at Johns Hopkins University, in his report dated July 23, 2013. In general, SAIC made many of the same observations, when considering only the source code. While many of the statements made by Mr. Rubin were technically correct. Mr. Rubin did not have a complete understanding of the State of Maryland’s implementation of the AccuVote-TS voting system, and the election process controls or environment. The State of Maryland procedural controls and general voting environment reduce or eliminate many of the vulnerabilities identified in the Rubin report. However, these controls, while sufficient to help mitigate the weaknesses identified in the July 23 report, do not, in many cases meet the standard of best practice or the State of Maryland Security Policy. This Risk Assessment has identified several high-risk vulnerabilities in the implementation of the managerial, operational, and technical controls for AccuVote-TS voting system. If these vulnerabilities are exploited, significant impact could occur on the accuracy, integrity, and availability of election results. In addition, successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could also damage the reputation and interests of the SBE and the LBEs. This Risk Assessment also identified numerous vulnerabilities with a risk rating of medium...
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...position that since nothing exists other than matter and energy the concept of soul is meaningless * Form of monism * Empiricism (Position that all human knowledge and thought are derived from sensory experience * Branch of Biology concerned with the scientific study of how living organisms function (Muller, Helmholtz, Fechner) * Birth of Psychology * Wilhelm Wundt * Established first independent psychology lab at university of Leipzig 1879 (birth of psychology) * Established first psychology journal 1881 * Studied consciousness (one’s awareness of immediate experience) * G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924) * Established first research lab in US at John Hopkins, 1883 * Established first US psychology 1884 * Structuralism * Task of psychology was to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and to investigate the relationship among these elements * Introspection – the careful, systematic...
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...“Inferential Statistics, Hypothesis Testing” Marketing Research MAHFOUD SOUKAINA Supervised by: Dr. Kim Chung Friday, April 16th, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction: Marketing Research 4 1) Marketing Research 4 2) The Marketing Research process 4 II- Body 1: Litterature Review 6 1) Inferential Statistics 6 a) Dummy Variables 7 b) Experimental Analysis 7 2) Normal Distribution 8 Figure 1: A normal Distribution, bell-shaped curve 9 3) Skewness 9 4) The Kurtosis 9 5) Formula of Kurtosis and Skewness over their Standard error 10 6) Central Limit Theorem 10 7) T Test Hypothesis testing for one sample mean 11 a) State the Null and Alternative Hypothesis 11 b) Hypothesis of the Testing 11 c )Choosing the Level of Significance 12 d) Calculate the test statistic for One Sample Mean 13 8) Independent Samples t-Test 13 a) Stating the Null and Alternative Hypothesis 14 b) Assumptions of the Testing 14 c) Choosing the Level of Significance 15 d) Calculate the test statistic for independent samples 15 e) Interpreting the Results 16 9) Risks in Decision Making Using Hypothesis Testing 17 10) The β Risk 17 III- Body II: Application 1: One Sample Testing 18 1) The Research Topic 18 2) Decriptives for the Students Sample 18 a) Range, Mean, Standard Deviation 18 b) Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis 19 c) Histogram of the Student Sample 19 3) Hypothesis of the independent sample...
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...and the Obama Administration work toward enactment of legislation to reform America’s health care system, a central focus of the debate has been the projected cost of ensuring accessible and affordable health care to every citizen. While some have struggled with the premise that health care reform can actually reduce health-related spending, the experience of racial and ethnic minorities under our current health care system is a strong indication that improving opportunities for good health – and minimizing inequities in health care access and outcomes – may well be good for the nation’s fiscal health, as well. This study, commissioned by the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies and carried out by leading researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland, provides important insight into how much of a financial burden racial disparities are putting on our health care system and society at large. The researchers examined the direct costs associated with the provision of care to a sicker and more disadvantaged population, as well as the indirect costs of health inequities such as lost productivity, lost wages, absenteeism, family leave, and premature death. What they found was striking. More than 30 percent of direct medical costs faced by African...
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...Chapter 1 notes: What is Psychology? Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Some people might think that psychologists are interested only in problem or abnormal behaviors. In fact they are interested in every aspect of human thought and behavior. Perhaps the best way to introduce psychology is to look at what topics interest psychologists. The Fields of Psychology Two major organizations American Psychological Association (APA), founded over 100 years ago, and the American Psychological Society (APS), founded in 1988. Developmental Psychology Development psychologists study human mental and physical growth from the prenatal period through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Child psychologists focus on infants and children. Adolescent psychologists, who specialize in the teenage years. Life-span psychologists, who focus on the adult years. Physiological Psychology Physiological Psychologists investigate the biological basis of human behavior, thoughts, and emotions. Neuropsychologists are primarily interested n the brain and the nervous system. Psychobiologists specialize in the body’s biochemistry and in the way that hormones, psychoactive medications (such antidepressants), and “social drugs” (such as alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine) affect people. Behavioral geneticists investigate the impact of heredity on both normal and abnormal traits and behavior. Experimental Psychology Experimental psychologists conduct...
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...Unit II Mini Project According to Fadun (2014), the expectation of any organization stakeholders is to ensure that an organization maximizes profits to increase their returns. Therefore, it is indubitably clear that the stakeholders expect that any technology innovation in the company is meant to increase the productivity as well as enhance the effectiveness of the organization to generate more revenue. According to smith, stakeholders view any project from a wider scope. This scope focuses on analyzing the innovation in line with cost, efficiency, time and the resources the innovation requires (Mccarty, et al., 2005). In this regard, the following expectations for the project are important for the company stakeholders. Firstly, the stakeholders expect that the system is meant to enhance and improve the effectiveness of the organization’s operation. In essence, the project should be better than the existing project and that should enhance rather than hinder the operations of the organization. Secondly, the project should not be so complex to be used by the customers (O'connor, Heavin & O'donoghue, 2015). This implies that while the innovation would be a high tech project, it should simple and easy to use, that customers can log into the system easily and prefer into to the previous existing system. Thirdly, the cost of the project should be affordable and economical. This implies that the initial cost, the cost of training and the time taken for everyone to understand and...
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...care given without unnecessary delays and healthcare is not affected by gender, race, age or income. The Surgical Clinic at the University of Maryland strives to meet these goals by providing stellar care in a facility given the Leapfrog award for over a decade. Through observation there were a few areas in which could use improvement. Patients wait times affect how the patient perceives the care given. Another major issue is the need for consistency, reassurance to the patient that although the same physician may not be treating you during each visit the physicians are familiar with your individual case. Patients often find the location of the clinic difficult to find within the hospital which causes frustration upon arrival. The availability of clinics can cause an issue for patients. Description The University of Maryland Medical Center Surgical Clinic is governed by an ambulatory services team with different scopes of practice, including Doctors, Nurses, Administrators and other Clinical staff. The clinic staffs the Practice Manager, three subspecialty Nurses, a Medical Assistant, a Practice Assistant also the Scheduling Coordinator. The University of Maryland Medical School in Partnership with Johns Hopkins University staff organize the three Resident Doctors on site during their rotation, with hospital staffed Attending Doctors as overseers. The Clinic operates with six exam rooms and three procedure rooms. (Gibson, Ambulatory Services Manager, 2011) The clinic is...
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...1 Controlling Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia in Pregnancy Carlotta Meusa Grand Canyon University Introduction to Nursing Research Dr. M. Terese Verklan February 23rd, 2014 2 Controlling Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia in Pregnancy Pre-eclampsia also known as toxemia is hypertension associated with protein in the urine and is prevalent in 7 out of 100 pregnant women. Severe form of pre-eclampsia sometimes develop resulting in seizures or convulsions; this is known as eclampsia. The blood vessels constrict during pre-eclampsia thus reducing the amount of oxygen and nutrients delivered to the fetus and can lead to low birth weight. If it is untreated, it may result in liver, lungs, and kidneys failure. It appears during the second or third trimester of pregnancy, and is more prevalent in first pregnancies, multiple births, teenagers, and women over 35. Background Approximately 50,000 maternal deaths occur annually due to eclampsia, with the highest percentage being in third world countries. This study discusses the use of a Criteria-based audits (CBA) to improve quality of care among eclampsia patients admitted at a University teaching hospital in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. The incidence of eclampsia is high (about 6%) with the majority of cases arriving after episodes of convulsions. The quality of health care versus maternal mortality rates average and below average income countries is diverse, whenever, the need arises to achieve the Millennium development goal (MDG)...
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...[pic] [pic] Assignment 1 Your observations from tasks 3 and 4 and your reading, will have introduced you to a variety of approaches to curriculum organisation and resource management that may contribute to promoting effective learning. For your assignment response, discuss two examples of approaches that you Believe to be effective in the learning context of your subject. You should analyse and use examples from both relevant literature and your school/college observations in compiling your response. The two approaches: As clearly stated by Cohen L et al, the core function of teachers and schools is to facilitate or provide support to children’s learning. Research alludes that the school uses two approaches to learning which are the structured learning adopting the England National Curriculum and International Baccalaureate so as to address the different and dynamic needs of each pupil. Teachers are catalysts for learning. In promoting learning there is no single blueprint for effectiveness, though there are very many characteristics of effective learning. Cohen L, et al, 2004 p.167. Primary Reception Research has shown that: Chris Watkins et al 2007 p.4: Children learn best... When they take responsibility of their own learning When they are actively engaged in their learning When learning is interactive (as opposed to passive or seat-work) When they see themselves as successful...
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...BRIEF REPORTS Greater Risk of Dementia When Spouse Has Dementia? The Cache County Study [See editorial comments by Dr. Peter P. Vitaliano, pp 976–978] Maria C. Norton, PhD,abc Ken R. Smith, PhD,de Truls Østbye, MD, PhD,fgh JoAnn T. Tschanz, PhD,bc Chris Corcoran, ScD,ci Sarah Schwartz, MS,ci Kathleen W. Piercy, PhD,ac Peter V. Rabins, MD, MPH,j David C. Steffens, MD,k Ingmar Skoog, MD, PhD,l John C. S. Breitner, MD, MPH,mn Kathleen A. Welsh-Bohmer, PhD,g for the Cache County Investigators OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of caring for a spouse with dementia on the caregiver’s risk for incident dementia. DESIGN: Population-based study of incident dementia in spouses of persons with dementia. SETTING: Rural county in northern Utah. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand four hundred forty-two subjects (1,221 married couples) aged 65 and older. MEASUREMENTS: Incident dementia was diagnosed in 255 subjects, with onset defined as age when subject met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised, criteria for dementia. Cox proportional hazards regression tested the effect of time-dependent exposure to dementia in one’s spouse, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: A subject whose spouse experienced incident dementia onset had a six times greater risk for incident dementia as subjects whose spouses were dementia free (hazard rate ratio (HRR) 5 6.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5 2.2–16.2, Po.001). In sex-specific analyses, husbands had higher risks ...
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...Religious background of Holocaust 1. Introduction Anyone who bothers to investigate in any depth the Holocaust, and its many involved attendant subjects, inevitably encounters intellectual and emotional difficulties not usually met in other fields under examination. When studying the Holocaust, it is extremely difficult to maintain the same level of professional distance and objectivity that one practices with other subjects. Obviously, the magnitude of the destruction and suffering, the millions of lost lives and their untold stories, their unfulfilled hopes and dreams can be overwhelming. Furthermore, thoughtful and honest investigators will occasionally find that they have encountered an area of the Holocaust wherein are found agonizing personal ramifications. That is to say, the scholar is studying an event or a complex of issues that share key components of one’s personal background, beliefs, and values. It is highly unlikely that the scholar will be able to maintain absolute objectivity, feeling completely uninvolved in what is being examined. Instead, the person will most likely be compelled to ask some rather pointed personal questions, or probe into realms in which the investigator has close personal ties. When this occurs, it can be very distressing and painful. 2. A short insight on the background of Jews in Poland, Germany and Russia Several Polish noblemen of the middle ages showed special favour to Jews who immigrated because of persecution in Germany...
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...Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Nature and purposes The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is a reference work consulted by psychiatrists, psychologists, physicians in clinical practice, social workers , medical and nursing students, pastoral counselors, and other professionals in health care and social service fields. The book's title is often shortened to DSM , or an abbreviation that also indicates edition, such as DSM-IV-TR, which indicates fourth edition, text revision of the manual, published in 2000. The DSM-IV-TR provides a classification of mental disorders, criteria sets to guide the process of differentialdiagnosis , and numerical codes for each disorder to facilitate medical record keeping. The stated purpose of the DSM is threefold: to provide "a helpful guide to clinical practice"; "to facilitate research and improve communication among clinicians and researchers"; and to serve as "an educational tool for teaching psychopathology." The multi-axial system The third edition of DSM , or DSM-III , which was published in 1980, introduced a system of five axes or dimensions for assessing all aspects of a patient's mental and emotional health. The multi-axial system is designed to provide a more comprehensive picture of complex or concurrent mental disorders. According to the DSM-IVTR, the system is also intended to "promote the application of the biopsychosocial model in clinical, educational and...
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...The Effect of Stress on Emotional, Behavioral and Academic Adaptation in Relation to Newly Immigrated Students in South Africa Author: 55128920 The Course Leader: HMPYC80 Department of Psychology University of South Africa 2014-05-28 Dear Sir/Madam RE: The Effect of Stress on Emotional, Behavioral and Academic Adaptation in Relation to Newly Immigrated Students in South Africa I am currently associated with Unisa where I am carrying out my honours in Psychology. The field of interest is of emotional, behavioural and academic adaptation of immigrants in Universities here in South Africa as I have personally experienced some of the struggles of adapting to a new country. My reason for contacting you is to request that my research proposal be submitted for peer assessment as the proposed assignment is essential for my course in research methodology. Through the peer assessment I am hoping to gain a constructive opinion of my research topic and my capability to construct a research proposal for a scientific study. I hope to hear from you soon. Yours sincerely Sean Groenewald 44 Claasen Street Johannesburg The Effect of Stress on Emotional, Behavioral and Academic Adaptation in Relation to Newly Immigrated Students in South Africa The proposed study aims to measure stress related to the emotional, behavioral and academic adaptation of immigrant students who have recently moved to South Africa. After having lived in Belgium for four years and having...
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