...Should juveniles be tried as adults? Does it depend on the crime committed? If so, what should be the determining factor(s) in deciding to transfer juveniles to adult courts? Case Assignment 4 September 5, 2011 Violent crimes committed by juveniles have fluctuated over the years. The children of today are subjected to violence in popular songs, television shows, and even computer games. Parents’ having guns accessible to children and the society the child lives in all play a part in the destruction of our youth. Juvenile offenders are now facing tougher punishment for their actions. When a child kills, does he instantly become an adult? Or does he maintain some trappings of childhood, despite the gravity of his or her actions? These are the questions plaguing the American legal system today, as the violent acts of juvenile offenders continue to make headlines. The Juvenile correction system is about one hundred years old. It was created in the 1800s on the philosophy that children are inherently different from adults and it is the state’s responsibility to protect and rehabilitate young offenders. Until the inception of the youth justice system, children were tried in criminal courts along with adults. Movement for juvenile justice reform was informed by the 16th century educational reform movement in England that perceived children to be different than miniature adults, with less than fully developed moral and cognitive capacities. As early as 1825, the Society for...
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...to be very passionate about. The rate of minors committing horrendous crimes has been on a steady rise for the past couple of decades (DOJ National Report Series Bulletin, 2011). There are many differences between the court system for Juveniles and the justice system for adults. In Juvenile courts there are no juries and no trails by jury either. In adult courts the sentencing is much harsher and the chance of getting off the hook with some counseling is very slim. If a juvenile is defined as a person under the age of 18, how can you justify trying them in a court designed for adult offenders? Some juvenile cases get transferred to adult criminal court through a process called a “waiver”—when a judge waives the protections that juvenile court provides (www.ojjdp.gov). Usually, juvenile cases that are subject to waiver involve more serious crimes, or minors who have been in trouble before (nolo.com/juveniles youth adult criminal court). Being tried as an adult gives a juvenile more constitutional protections, but it also has disadvantages such as losing the juvenile protections as well. Depending on the crime of the minor, both court systems can punish the individual, but which court can give the appropriate punishment or the “crime”, not the age of the person committing the crime? The big question now is should we the courts show more sympathy and compassion for the minor who committed the crime or for the victims? In order to better understand the facts behind this...
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...Killings Analysis Style and Technique “Killings,” one of Dubus’s best-known and most respected stories, was the basis for the film In the Bedroom (2001). Although the story revolves around passion and violence, Dubus tells the tale in a flat, calm way. The first two acts of violence are dropped into the story unexpectedly and without emotion. The story opens with Frank’s funeral, then moves on to the conversation between Willis and Matt about how Matt wishes he could kill the man who murdered his son, but the reader does not know who killed Frank, how, or why. Next, in a long descriptive paragraph, Richard is introduced. He is first connected to Frank by the flat opening line of the next paragraph: “One night he beat Frank.” Only then does the reader learn about Mary Ann, and Matt’s and Ruth’s differing feelings about her. In a lovely, lyrical scene, Mary Ann joins the Fowlers for a barbeque after a day at the beach. Matt’s love for his son is mixed with a wistful attraction to Mary Ann. She is beautiful, but Matt sees in her eyes a sadness and pain that he and his family have been spared, and he wishes he could help and comfort her. The next paragraph starts with, “Richard Strout shot Frank in front of the children.” Such jarring shifts of mood are used to emphasize how quickly life can turn from sunny to violent and how swiftly the good things in life can be taken away. The story’s point of view is that of the limited omniscient narrator. The reader sees the events through...
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...Social Structure & Social Interaction, Groups, Deviance, Poverty and Social Class Both Sides Microsociology emphasis is placed on social interaction- rules, codes, survival strategies, relationships, face to face contact. 1/54 Study: Speller Learn Test Play Games: Scatter Space Race All 54 terms PrintExportCopyCombine Order by Terms Definitions Microsociology emphasis is placed on social interaction- rules, codes, survival strategies, relationships, face to face contact. Location in Social Structure People's location in the social structure accounts for differences in their behavior & attitudes Ascribed Status involuntary status; a status you inherit o Class of parents, gender, sex, ethnicity, race Achieved Status voluntary status; a status you earn o Student, criminal, doctor, friend Society people who share culture & territory Hunting & Gathering Societies simplest form of society, few social divisions, few people, nomadic, most egalitarian [treat all as equals, no one is rich or poor], society with most leisure time. Role Conflict When what is expected of us in one role is incompatible with what is expected in another role. Role Strain When the same role presents inherent conflict- one role Thomas Theorem If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences- think of people as less than and they will be treated as such. Group members of a group think of themselves as belonging together, they interact with...
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...11 Introduction to Criminal Justice Topic: How does the Australian Criminal Justice system respond to one of the forms of crime? addressed in the last part of the course/unit? What are the Strengths and Weakness of this response? Crimes addressed include White Collar and Corporate Crime, Organized Crime, Illicit Drugs and Violence. Illicit drugs affect everyone. They may cause family problems, health problems even effort jobs or your performance. Even with the use of drugs that may have to be swallowed or even injected into your own body could increase chances of obtaining the HIV virus. But drugs that we smoke like marijuana could cause lung cancer. Illicit drugs can also affect the brain, by causing the brain cells to die and in cases resulting in permanent brain damage. The abuse of drugs also affect the economy, people using drugs are accident waiting to happen. Each year drug uses is the cause of a large number of accidents at home, office and on the roads. Everybody pays the price of drug abuse more cops and prisons more hospitals and treatment centers and many lives lost. Australia has approximately one drug overdose death each year. Broadly speaking, the prevalence of illicit drugs has been falling since the late 1990’s though some drugs have increased over that period. The authoritative reports below will summaries the trends as follows. In 2010, approximately 15% of the national population 14 years and above had used one or more illicit drugs...
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...COMPUTER CRIMES A Case Study submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the completion of the course in CIS401M: IT ETHICS AND LEADERSHIP Term 3, Academic Year 2014-2015 by LORETO V. SIBAYAN PAUL MATTHEW G. AVILA Master of Science in Information Technology College of Computer Studies April 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT 5 CHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 6 CHAPTER 2 2.0 OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE 8 2.1 CYBERCRIME 9 2.2 THEORIES OF CRIME 2.2.1 CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES 10 2.2.2 PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES 12 2.3 TYPES OF CRIME 14 2.3 CAUSES CYBERCRIME 19 2.4 CYBERCRIME PREVENTION 22 CHAPTER 3 3.0 ANALYSIS CYBERCRIME CASES 26 SUMMARY OF CYBERCRIME CASES 38 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 43 REFERENCES 44 ABSTRACT The 21st century has brought about certain influences in the lives of everyone including the way we do business transactions, the way we gain education and the way we communicate; these influences are mostly revolutionized through the use of modern day technology and though these technologies have been proven to be beneficial to the entire society, it also carries with it aspects that can be worrying for everyone. Certain professionals in the said field use their expertise to illegally develop ways on how to take advantage of others with of course the use of technology hence cybercrime...
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...Preventing and Intervention for School Violence Project Summary Research evidence indicates that school violence has increased over the past years. The Federal Government has made a committed to ensure school safety and reduce school violence. The “Let my Child Live Foundation” grant application report that I have created will seek to develop reality based intelligence and find out what works to promote safety and healthy environments in the school. We hope to collaborate with juvenile law enforcement personnel, psychiatrist, psychologists and the entire school system to achieve the needed grants and funding. There are many things that we hope to accomplish. If grants are given to this program we will strive to reach our number one goal which is to create a safe school environment, mandatory prevention strategies that every school is mandated to use. There will be student behavioral, emotional and social support given throughout the entire school year. We also hope to achieve substance abuse prevention, on campus mental health services and annual mental health screenings. The schools will also have social and emotional learning programs available to each child early on. School violence has penetrated our nation for quite some time now. School violence is on the rise, and society is wondering why. Violence has injured and killed our youth. The question we must ask is “why are our youth so angry”? The program will work toward providing school and communities in the Chicago...
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...Essay Question 1 1. From the sale of his home in 2004, Melvin will incur a gain in the amount realized from the sale of his home, which exceeds his deferred basis in the home because the property was transferred to him incident to divorce. Furthermore, Melvin will be able to exclude the gain on the sale of his personal residence from his taxable income. The rules pertaining to federal income tax and income tax deductions are governed by the Internal Revenue Code (“the Code”). According to the Code, all income is taxable from whatever source derived unless otherwise excluded. Pursuant to the Code, income is defined as any economic benefit to the taxpayer or any clearly realized accession to wealth. Under this conceptualization of income, income can be in the form of cash or the fair market value of any property received. In the instant case, Melvin sold his principal primary residence. The amount realized for the sale of his home was $200,000 in cash and two paintings, each valued at $50,000. Thus, his entire amount realized, consists of the total value, or $300,000. Determining the amount realized is only the first step in determining what income will be taxable to Melvin in 2004. Next, because the disposition of property (receiving value for the sale of a home) is a capital gain, the amount of Melvin’s basis in the property must be subtracted from the amount realized to determine the amount of taxable income. A taxpayer’s basis in property is the amount of money...
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...sophomore year in high school, I moved into my father’s house. My father had remarried and the only unoccupied bedroom in his house was the gun room. Against one wall was a gun case he had built in high school, and beside it were two empty refrigerators stocked with rifles and hundreds of rounds of ammunition. My bed’s headboard resided against the other wall and, above it, a resigned-looking, marble-eyed, five-point mule deer’s head with a fedora on its antler rack. The room had no windows, so the smell of gun oil filled my senses at least eight hours each day. It clung to my clothes like smoke, and like a smoker’s cigarettes, it became my smell. No one in my high school noticed. We all smelled like something: motorheads of motor oil, farm kids of wheat chaff and cow dung, athletes like footballs and grass, dopers like the other kind of grass. It did not appear to anyone — including me — that residing within my family’s weapons cache might affect my life. Together, my three brothers own at least a dozen weapons and have yet to harm anyone with them. Despite their guns (or, arguably, because of them), they are quite peaceable. As for me, I have three guns, one inherited and two gifts, and I’m hardly a zealot. In fact I never had much interest in guns. Yet it is I who killed a man. It was the second week in August, a Friday the 13th, in fact, in 1982. I was with a group of college roommates who were getting ready to go to the Omak Stampede and Suicide Race. Three of us piled...
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...LIFE COACHING Life Coaching/Consulting Services Marketing Plan Mabel Meadors Keller Graduate School of Management 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 2.0 SITUATION ANALYSIS 4 2.1 MARKET SUMMARY 5 2.2 STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND THREAT ANALYSIS (SWOT) 7 2.3 COMPETITION 9 2.4 SERVICE OFFERING 10 2.5 KEYS TO SUCCESS 11 2.6 CRITICAL ISSUES 12 3.0 MARKETING STRATEGY 13 3.1 MISSION 14 3.2 MARKETING OBJECTIVES 15 3.3 FINANCIAL OBJECTIVES 16 3.4 TARGET MARKETS 20 3.5 POSITIONING 22 3.6 STRATEGIES 25 3.7 MARKETING MIX 26 3.8 MARKETING RESEARCH 28 4.0 CONTROLS 29 4.1 IMPLEMENTATION 30 4.2 MARKETING ORGANIZATION 32 4.3 CONTINGENCY PLANNING 33 5.0 CONCLUSION 34 REFERENCES 35 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Life Coaching /Consulting Services will offer services to inner city youth and young adults. Initially the plan is to offer the services in the St. Louis City, County and outlying Missouri State major cities. Increasingly young people seem to be having difficulty making good choices, from as simple as deciding should they do their homework or watch TV or play video games instead. Some youth are faced with more serious life choices of dropping out of school, choosing to use drugs, engage in sexual activity, which may result in STDs and/or unplanned pregnancies, or even to join a gang or participate in criminal activity. How does Life Coaching/Counseling Services plan to make a difference, reach the youth and...
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...Perceived Effects of Online Games to the Academic Performances among Students under the College of Business Administration Education at University of Mindanao (UM) Leynard Bangkulit Romeo Dimiao Russel Anthony Junsay Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study In 1958, the world’s first world computer game, a rudimentary two-player tennis game, was created to entertain visitors on the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Since then, the computer/video game industry has become one the most aggressively growing business sectors in the United States and in the whole world. Obviously, games are emerging as one of the most dominant forms of entertainment. This trend goes further as of the increasing penetration of high speech Internet connection and the declining prices of computers, video-game consoles, and mobile entertainment devices. (Lee, Jin, Park, & Kang, 2005) As we know, Internet offers many conveniences. As a result it has made many people depend on it. What is worse, a large number of people have become addicted, especially to online game addiction. By2007, the population of online gamers worldwide was about 217 million, approximately 28 percent of the total online population (comScore,2007).In addition, online game addiction is prevalent in many countries, including China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan, U.S., and Canada. In South Korea, 2.4 percent of the population, ages nine to thirty-nine, were believed to be addicted to online games, and over 10 percent...
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...material may be reproduced in any form by any means without permission in writing from the President, The Open University of Hong Kong. Sale of this material is prohibited. The Open University of Hong Kong Ho Man Tin, Kowloon Hong Kong This course material is printed on environmentally friendly paper. Contents Introduction 1 The focus of criminology 4 What is criminology? Why study crime? 4 6 Developing theory: the foundations of criminology 8 Theorizing about crime before criminology: the classical perspective Positivist criminology 8 10 Sociological criminology The Chicago School Strain and subcultural theories of crime Control theories The labelling perspective Critical criminology 14 15 17 21 23 27 Environmental criminology 30 Jane Jacobs and Oscar Newman Routine activity theory Rational choice theory 30 33 35 Summary 39 References 41 Feedback on activities 43 Readings Unit 2 Introduction The purpose of this unit is to introduce you to the different kinds of theorizing about crime that have constituted the discipline of criminology. Criminology as an academic discipline has existed for well over 100 years. During this time, a number of distinct approaches have emerged, and it is these different approaches that this unit seeks to capture,...
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...Explaining Deviance 175 Social Control 182 Conformity and Obedience 182 Informal and Formal Social Control Law and Society 186 Crime 185 187 Types of Crime 188 Crime Statistics 190 The Issue 193 The Setting 193 Sociological Insights 193 Policy Initiatives 193 Boxes RESEARCH IN ACTION: Street Kids 183 sOCIOLOGY IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY: Singapore: A Nation of Campaigns 186 TAKING SOCIOLOGY TO WORK: Holly Johnson, Chief of Research, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada 192 Cigarette smoking has become stigmatized in Canada. This newspaper advertisement, sponsored by Health Canada, reverses the typical advertising strategy of equating smoking with sexiness. 169 H eidi Fleiss was in her late twenties when she was arrested for operating a call girl service. At the time, her pediatrician father had reacted flippantly, “I guess I didn’t do such a good job on Heidi after all.” Later, he would be convicted of conspiring to hide profits from his daughter’s call girl ring. Fleiss had dropped out of school when she was sixteen and established a liaison with a playboyfinancier who gave her a Rolls-Royce for her twenty-first birthday. In her early twenties, Fleiss interned in the world of prostitution by working for Madame Alex (Elizabeth Adams), Hollywood’s reigning call girl entrepreneur until her death in 1995. In 1990, backed by television director and pornography filmmaker Ivan Nagy, 24-year-old Fleiss opened her own...
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...Computer crime Computer Crime Definition A computer crime is any illegal action where the data on a computer is accessed without permission. This access doesn't have to result in loss of data or even data modifications. Arguably the worst computer crime occurs when there are no indications that data was accessed. Computer crime is often attributed to rogue hackers and crackers, but increasingly organized crime groups have realized the relative ease of stealing data with relative low-level of risk. Government organizations are also rumored to be involved with hacking in to computer systems, but the legality of such actions is far too grey an area to be discussed here. Computer crime, or cybercrime, refers to any crime that involves a computer and a network, where the computers may or may not have played an instrumental part in the commission of a crime.[1] Netcrime refers, more precisely, to criminal exploitation of the Internet.[2] Issues surrounding this type of crime have become high-profile, particularly those surrounding hacking, copyright infringement, child pornography, and child grooming. There are also problems of privacy when confidential information is lost or intercepted, lawfully or otherwise. On the global level, both governments and non-state actors continue to grow in importance, with the ability to engage in such activities as espionage, financial theft, and other cross-border crimes sometimes referred to as cyber warfare. The international legal system is...
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...Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway in 1582. Their daughter Susannah was born in 1583, and the twins Judith and Hamnet were born in 1585. Hamnet died in 1596... William Shakespeare's precise birthdate is not known; he was baptized on 26 April 1564, and over time 23 April has become the accepted date of birth, in part because he also died on 23 April in 1616.( Who2biographies) * Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories, and these are regarded as some of the best work ever produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights. ( Wikipedia) Summary: * He's a moody kid with suicidal tendencies, a penchant for wearing black mourning clothes,...
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