Snapdragons red dominant to white heteroz pink. Green leaves dom to purple. Pink purple x pink heteroz what would be pink purple? ¼
Tomatoes red dom to white dark green incompletely dom to light green fruit and leaf color loci not linked. Red tomato medium green leaves x white tomato and out of progeny 100 plants two white. Plant then crossed to dithered. What fraction of progeny have white fruit and leaves not dark green? 3/16
Ferrets sing. Rec allele g sing G snort. Incompletely dominant alleles for dark rown and blond are also found in the species. Two loci segregate independently of each other. Singing light brown ferrets mate with snorting dark brown with singing mothers (gg Brbr x Gg BrBr. Expected phenotypic ratio? 9/16 sidabr:3/16silibr:3/16sndabr:1/16 snlibr
Lucy int in butterflies X vulgaris. Rip rec lethal to relative to the wild type allele. Esp phen ratio of cross btw X vulgaris gen +rip X +rip if the alleles segregate independently? 3:1
Spotted rabbit x with a solid colored rabbit produced all spotted offspring. F1 generation rabbits x among themselves, they produced 32 spotted and 10 solid. What were the gen of F1? SS x ss
Horses black dependant upon dom gene B chesnut upon rec b. trotting gait due to dom gene T pacing gait to rec allele t. Homozygous black pacer x chesnut trotter what is appearance of F1? Black trotters
Located on X chrom of a cat is a gene that codes for deafness. This gene rec. Fem cat heteroz for deafness x male not deaf. Penotype of offspring? ¼ deaf fem, ¼ hearing fem, ¼ deaf males, ¼ hearing males
Cocker Spaniels gen: AABB=white A_bb=red aabb=lemon AaB_=black aaB_=liver and AABb=grey. Red fem is mated w liver colored male, one pup liver colored. Gen of parents? AAbb x aaBB
Fruit fly Dros Melan crossing over absent in males. Interested in relationship between two linked genes on chrom 2. Genes for black body and curved wings each of which is recessive to the normal B body color and normal wing shape. In your lab fem heterozyg at the body color and wing shape mated with black body male w curved wings. Offspring mating cont with 367 normal curved, 131 normal normal,139 black curved, 363 black normal? .27
Polymorphism in alleles controlling enzyme Lactate Dehydrogenase in a species of minnow. One pop 1000 ind were sampled. Gen freq AA=.080, Aa=.280, aa=.640. Cal allele freq of the A and a allele in pop? P=.22,q=.78
11,335 pple blood types obtained 5,150 O, 4,791 A, 1,032 B and 362 AB. Cal the freq for the iO alleles assuming the pop in Hardy Weinberg eq? .67
Freq children homoz for rec lethal allele is 1 in 25000. What prop of carriers? Assume Hardy Weinberg? 0.00004
Guppies Madagasgar Pond 1 2,560 orange males and Pond 2: 3000 orange males) Use chi squared? 17.41
Hogs dom B white belt. separate locus dom allele S causes fusion of two parts of the normally cloven hoof syndactyly. Belted syndactylous sow x to unbelted cloven hoof: 25% belted syn, 25% belted cloven, 25% unbelted syn, 25% unbelted cloven. Gen parents were? Bb;Ss x bb;ss
Gen single locus with 2 alleles AA .25 Aa .50 aa .25 selection coef gen is: WAA = 1.0 Waa 1.0 Waa = 0.5. Use infor and Hardy Weinburg to det freq in pop after one round of sel.? 0.571
Dros Melan 3 linked genes on chrom 3 Genes are veinlet, javelin and sepia. Gene order unknown. Tesatcross to detect linkage done on fem fly svj/+++ prod vsj 3710, +++ 3700, +sj 950, v++ 950, +s+ 340, v+j 340, vs.+ 64, ++j 65 = 10000 linkage between s and v ? 26cm
1587 British colony of 127 pple on Roanoke is vanished. Join tribe 680. 20 had blue eyes. Blue rare in tribal pple (qr = 0.001 , then what was freq of blue eye allele after colonist join tribe? 0.063
R/r and S/s linked 10 map un apart. In cross Rs/rS what frac of prog will be Rs/rs? 45%
The freq of ABO blood groups in a certain pop are: A=.22, B=.44, AB=.18, and O.16. The freq of the O allele in the pop is? 0.4
Prob 1st child having PKU? 1/16
Red marble from bag of white 60 red to 40 white? .6
Prob red using prob of success, q= ? l-p
Mendels law of equal seg? Each gamete receives only one allele of a pair
Mendels law of ind seg? Alleles for one locus are inherited ind of alleles for other loci
Double line pedigree? A consanguineous mating between related ind
Propositus? Ind of prime interest
Circle or square with dot in center? A carrier of sex linked recessive allele
F2 generation resulting form a Mendalian monohybrid cross, gen ratio of 1:2:1 is seen. Gen represented by the 2 in this ratio is composed of? Heterozygotes
An allele is said to be dom when? Its phenotypic effects are masked when combined with another allele
A C/cth female rabbit is crossed to a ce/c male rabbit. What prop of the baby rabbits do you expect to e C/ce in gen? ¼
Couple Indiana both heteroz fo rthe autonomic rec allele for albinism. 2 children. What prob that both chidren will be phenotypic ally identical with regard to skin color? 5/8
Which of following ratios show incopl. Dom? 1:2:1
Actual alleles present in ind are called their? Genotype
Interaction between non allele genes that results in the masking of expression of a phenotype is? co dominance
Which of the following ratios show co dominance? 1:1
Pleiotropism? Sickle cell anemia
Ratios lethal? 3:1
Gen ratio 9:7 may indicate? co dominance and epistasis only
Normal gene= wild-type
Blood group A,B,O show complete dom, rec, and codom
When same gene is related to respiratory prob and sterility, it can be described as showing? Penetrance and expressivity
When trying to detect recombination and linkage using a dithered f1, the generalized genotype used in the formal testcross individual used to produce an f2 generation is: AaBb
One genetic map unit is equal to? Equivalent to a recombination freq of 1% and a unit of destance that reflects the recombination freq
Linkage of loci on the X chrom in Dros by scoring males only for recombinant phenotypes because? One can ignore the Y chrom and see X chrom recomb directly in masses
Developed a method of mapping genes based on recomb freq? Sturtevant
Red green colorblindness is controlled by an X chromosomal gene in humans. A normal man and woman whose fathers are both color blind marry. Prob that first child is cb? ¼
Type of chromosome not involved in sex det in many sexually reproducing org? haploid
Measured dist btw genes D and E in a two point test cross is 50 map units. What does this mean in physical terms? Either D and E are on different pairs of chromosomes or D and E are linked and at least 50 map units apart
Natural Selection is: a relative effect of differential fitnesses among genotypes and not a real force in the true sense of the word, and capable of altering allele freq
Migration results in a loss of? Genetic variation between the population
Natural selection which alters the freq of alleles which have phenotypic effects are said to alter the pop through? Shifting the pop mean phen
If all the assumpt of Hardy Weinb equil are met then the equat predicts that? Neither genotype nor allele freq will change from one generation to the next
The violation of Hardy Weinb equilibrium which was most likely respon for the origin of oversized antlers on the now extinct Irish Elk was: non-random mating
Of all the things which might cause disturbances to pop in Hardy-Weinb equilibrium, the one most likely to cause extremely small changes is? Mutation
A pop is a group of ind of a species that? Interbreed
The sum total of all alleles carried in all members of a pop is called its? Gene pool
Microevolution - changes in the freq of alleles within a pop
Macroevolution- evolution that occurs over geologic time
Prop of individuals in a pop that are of a part gen is the? Genotypic freq
If in a pop of 1 million pple, 100 albinos were found, how many heteroz will be found in the next gen under equil conditions? 999,900
Unpredictable fluctuation in allele freq caused by near extinction events and not caused by natural selection is called: genetic drift
Informed, modern definition of evolution states that? Evolution is simply the change in the genetic composition of a pop
One ex of how evolution does currently occur and has major impacts on humans today is seen in the? Red Queen Hypothesis and HIV pathogens
Charles Darwin’s main contribution to biology was? The concept that natural selection was the driving mechanism behind evolution
The ideas of ____, directly influenced Darwin’s observations that varying individuals must compete for resources in natural populations and exhibited patterns of differential survival. Thomas Malthus - Essay on the principles of populations
“Red Wolf” ex of? All of above
African Cheetah? A pop bottleneck causing loss of pop gen variation
Mules and ligers? post zygotic isolating mechanisms - specifically hybrid sterility