...8 Creolization in Anthropological Theory and in Mauritius Thomas Hylland Eriksen A great amount of intellectual energy has been invested in cultural mixing during the last decades. Reacting against an idea of boundedness, internal homogeneity, and stability that has been associated with mainstream twentieth-century anthropology, hundreds—possibly thousands—of anthropologists have tried to redefine, reform, revolutionize, or even relinquish that abhorred “C” word—”culture.” The range of engagement is suggested in the apparent congruence between postmodernist American anthropologists (for example, Clifford & Marcus 1986) and their now classic critique of the Geertzian notion of cultural integration, and the older European critique of the structural-functionalist idea of social integration, which was led by people such as Barth (1966), whose rationalism and naturalism is everything but postmodernist. In both cases, presuppositions of integrated wholes, cultures or social structures, have been debunked. From being a discipline concentrating its efforts on understanding nonliterate societies, often implicitly positing the uncontaminated aborigine as its hero, anthropology increasingly studies cultural impurity and hybridity, and the dominant normative discourse in the field has shifted from defending the cultural rights of small peoples to combating essentialism and reifying identity politics. While this development has been important and necessary for a variety of reasons,...
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...Mauritius ASSINGMENT COUNTARY: MAURITIOUS Submitted To: Prof. AMNA SHAFQAT Submitted By: HASEEB IFTIKHAR L1F07BBAM0208 ABDULLAH ISHFAQ L1F07BBAM0201 REHAN AKRAM L1F07BBAM MAURITIOUS CONTENTS * THE COUNTRY 1. LAND AND CLIMATE 4-5 2. HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT 6-10 3. ECONOMY 10-11 4. EDUCATION 11-15 5. TRANSPORTATION 16 6. HEALTH 16-18 * THE PEOPLE OF THE COUNTRY 1. POPULATION 18-19 2. LANGUAGE 19 3. RELIGION 20 4. HOLIDAYS ...
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...2005/ED/EFA/MRT/PI/9 Background paper prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2005 The Quality Imperative The importance of mother tongue-based schooling for educational quality Carole Benson 2004 This paper was commissioned by the Education for All Global Monitoring Report as background information to assist in drafting the 2005 report. It has not been edited by the team. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and should not be attributed to the EFA Global Monitoring Report or to UNESCO. The papers can be cited with the following reference: “Paper commissioned for the EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005, The Quality Imperative”. For further information, please contact efareport@unesco.org The importance of mother tongue-based schooling for educational quality Commissioned study for EFA Global Monitoring Report 2005 Carol Benson, Ph.D. Centre for Research on Bilingualism Stockholm University 14 April 2004 Part A: Overview While there are many factors involved in delivering quality basic education, language is clearly the key to communication and understanding in the classroom. Many developing countries are characterized by individual as well as societal multilingualism, yet continue to allow a single foreign language to dominate the education sector. Instruction through a language that learners do not speak has been called “submersion” (Skutnabb-Kangas 2000) because it is analogous to...
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...The Making of a Successful Duty-Free Retail in the newly privatised International Airports in India – ‘Major Challenges and Strategies’ Vinay Bhuwania M.M.S., University of Mumbai Dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MSc. In Retail Management, University of Stirling University of Stirling 2006-2007 Declaration VINAY BHUWANIA 1. I confirm I have submitted an electronic version of the dissertation and give my permission for the Department of Marketing to run this through a programme which will check for plagiarism. I also give my permission for the Department of Marketing to reserve the right to place my dissertation on the University website for future students to access and view. 2. Signature: ………………………………… Date: ………………………………………. i Acknowledgements Firstly I would like to thank to my parents for their unwavering trust and wholehearted support; thanks to them I had the opportunity to live one of the most wonderful and unforgettable year of my life. Many thanks, to all my seniors and colleagues in all the organisations that I have worked, for their encouragement. I am also deeply grateful to my wife Preeti (Tofu), for her heartfelt support all throughout. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Paul Freathy, for his support and guidance and enhancing my knowledge on the subject of airport-retailing. Also wish to thank Cathy Butts - Resource Centre Manager, University...
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