...A major and controversial point in the history of the NSW Government was the dismissal of Premier Jack Lang in 1932. Lang’s second term came amidst the Depression, when unemployment was high and Australia was in debt. He strongly believed in what was termed ‘The Lang Plan,’ which involved Australia increasing spending, reducing interest and, if necessary, repudiating interest repayments to the British until the nation recovered. The Federal Scullin Government strongly disagreed and adopted the Premiers Plan, which reduced spending and increased interest. Lang assisted in overturning the Scullin Government and in 1932 Lyons (the former Labor Treasurer) became Prime Minister of a Federal United Australia Government. Lyons, however, also disagreed with Lang’s antics of refusing to pay his State’s debts. After Lang made a defiant stance by withdrawing State Government money so that it could not be seized by the Commonwealth government, the NSW Governor dismissed him, leaving Lang as the only Premier of an Australian State to have ever been dismissed by a State governor. When the Depression hit Australia, the public turned to the governments for answers. They responded with the proposal of three plans. The first plan was proposed by E.G. Theodore (Federal Treasurer) and it was a plan of inflation, which was immediately rejected out of fear it would increase prices. The second was the Lang Plan which was also rejected for being too radical. The third became known as the Premiers’...
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...United States[edit] Main articles: Labor unions in the United States and Labor history of the United States Labor unions are legally recognized as representatives of workers in many industries in the United States. Their activity today centers on collective bargaining over wages, benefits, and working conditions for their membership, and on representing their members in disputes with management over violations of contract provisions. Larger unions also typically engage in lobbying activities and supporting endorsed candidates at the state and federal level. Most unions in America are aligned with one of two larger umbrella organizations: the AFL-CIO created in 1955, and the Change to Win Federation which split from the AFL-CIO in 2005. Both advocate policies and legislation on behalf of workers in the United States and Canada, and take an active role in politics. The AFL-CIO is especially concerned with global trade issues. Child laborers in an Indiana glass works. Trade unions have an objective interest in combating child labor. In 2010, the percentage of workers belonging to a union in the United States (or total labor union "density") was 11.4%, compared to 18.3% in Japan, 27.5% in Canada, and 70% in Finland.[20] Union membership in the private sector has fallen under 7%[21] – levels not seen since 1932. Unions allege that employer-incited opposition has contributed to this decline in membership. The most prominent unions are amongpublic sector employees such as teachers...
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...Political competition, the foundation of Theodore Roosevelt & Woodrow Wilson’s political rivalry. This historic relationship began in the election of 1912, which consisted of 4 people: William Taft, Eugene Debs, Theodore Roosevelt, and Woodrow Wilson. This election became a contest between, of course, Roosevelt and Wilson. The contest was a battle of the two’s views on the dangers of increasing government power and economic concentration. The focus of Wilson’s new program, New Freedom, was supposed to change democracy by restoring market competition preventing business of dominating government. The program came with a change in anti-trust laws and included policies to encourage new businesses. On the other hand, Roosevelt had a similar approach...
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...of the Gilded Age was generally so low. The Westward Movement (1865-1890) 7. The student will be able to describe the final phase of frontier settlement in the “Great West”. 8. The student will be able to discuss the final removal of the Indians to the West. Industry Comes of Age (1865-1900) 9. The student will be able to describe how the economy came to be dominated by giant “trusts,” headed by Carnegie and Rockefeller. 10. The student will be able to analyze the social changes brought by industrialization, especially upon the working men and women?. 11. The student will be able to describe the early efforts of labor to organize. The Result of the Debtor (1889-1900) 12. The student will be able to explain how farmer and labor discontentment with Republican polices led to Cleveland’s victory in 1884. 13. The student will be able to discuss the presidential election of 1896 and indicated why it was really a...
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...The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in 1930 and lasted until the late 1930s or middle 1940s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline. Cities all around the world were hit hard, especially those dependent on heavy industry. Construction was virtually halted in many countries. Farming and rural areas suffered as crop prices fell by approximately 60%. Facing plummeting demand with few alternate sources of jobs, areas dependent on primary sector industries such as cash cropping, mining and logging suffered the most. Some economies started to recover by the mid-1930s. In many countries, the negative effects of the Great Depression lasted until after the end of World War II. Start Economic historians usually attribute the start of the Great Depression to the sudden devastating collapse of US stock market prices on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday; some dispute this conclusion, and see the stock crash as a symptom, rather than a cause, of the Great Depression. Even after the Wall Street Crash of 1929, optimism persisted for some time; John D. Rockefeller said that "These are days when many are discouraged. In the 93 years of my life, depressions have come and...
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...The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league composed of 32 teams divided equally between the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The highest level of professional football in the world,[4] the NFL runs a 17-week regular season from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing sixteen games and having one bye week. Out of the league's 32 teams, six (four division winners and two wild-card teams) from each conference compete in the NFL playoffs, a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, played between the champions of the NFC and AFC. Most games are played on Sunday afternoons; some games are also played on Mondays and Thursdays during the regular season. There are games on Saturdays during the last few weeks of the regular season and the first two playoff weekends. The NFL was formed on August 20, 1920, as the American Professional Football Conference; the league changed its name to the American Professional Football Association (APFA) on September 17, 1920, and changed its name to the National Football League on June 24, 1922, after spending the 1920 and 1921 seasons as the APFA. In 1966, the NFL agreed to merge with the rival American Football League (AFL), effective 1970; the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that same season in January 1967. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance (67,591) of any professional sports league in...
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...rose to 9% during 1985-1995 (Doner 26). Having undergone dramatic transformation from an agrarian economy into a Newly Industrializing Economy (NIE) in just three decades, the IMF and the World Bank were touting Thailand as a successful example of market-based development (K.S. et. al 56-57). However, critical examination of Thailand’s progress beyond GDP growth finds the extent of its economic achievements was similarly matched by its widening inequality and lagging development indicators, begging the question of whether standard measures of economic progress, such as GDP, are sufficient in assessing national development. Thailand’s Government and the Development of a Modern Economy Following the end of absolute monarchical rule in 1932, Thailand became a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democratic political system. The head of state is King Bhumibol Adulyadej, who has reigned since 1946. Its partially elected national legislature selects a prime minister, who appoints a cabinet of ministry heads (Economist Intelligence Unit). While the kingdom is divided into four geographical regions – North, Northeast, Central, and South, Thailand is a centralized unitary state whose powers of administration emanate from Bangkok (Keuleers 17). This form of organization dates back to administrative reforms of 1892, in which King Chulalongkorn sought to strengthen central control over local activities in order to protect against the threat of colonialism. Hence, policy and planning...
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...RLAT Task 4 Labor Unions Historically, labor unions were created to protect the American worker from business management. Throughout the years, many laws have been enacted to protect the American worker and businesses. With the decline in our labor force and shrinking wages and benefits, do they continue to be relevant today? The story of American labor is dramatically relevant to today’s society. There are very little issues that is or has not been influenced by the labor’s organized efforts or lack of them. (Cahn, 1972) Labor organization in the mid-nineteenthy century was not new to America, and it was inevitable due to the working people being confronted by common problems causing them to unite their protection efforts. There was mutual aid or societies for masters, journeymen, and apprentices. They were usually founded to provide insurance against accidents and sickness. In 1801, an early labor organization announced the purpose of said insurance, and they were called the Society of Mechanics. Society or association was used in place of the word union representing a local organization of journeymen within a single trade. In the 1830’s the term trade union came in use, then later national and international which meant representing members in more than one country. Terms such as trade assemblies and central labor unions came in the 1860’s. The first permanent labor organization was founded when journeymen shoemakers of Philadelphia joined forces...
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...during his second voyage, naming it San Juan Bautista. The Taínos, the indigenous people, called the island Boriquén Tierra del alto señor ("Land of the Noble Lord"). In 1508, the Spanish granted settlement rights to Juan Ponce de León, who established a settlement at Caparra and became the first governor. In 1519 Caparra had to be relocated to a nearby coastal islet with a healthier environment; it was renamed Puerto Rico ("Rich Port") for its harbor, among the world's best natural bays. The two names were switched over the centuries: the island became Puerto Rico and its capital San Juan. The United States anglicized the name to "Porto Rico" when it occupied the island in 1898 after the Spanish-American War. This spelling was discontinued in 1932. Puerto Ricans are a Caribbean people who regard themselves as citizens of a distinctive island nation in spite of their colonial condition and U.S. citizenship. This sense of uniqueness also shapes their migrant experience and relationship with other ethnoracial groups in the United States. However, this cultural nationalism coexists with a desire for association with the United States as a state or in the current semiautonomous commonwealth status. Location and Geography. Puerto Rico is the easternmost and smallest of the Greater Antilles, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Basin to the south. Puerto Rico is a crucial hemispheric access point. It was thus a valuable acquisition for European powers and the...
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...The (un)Official United States History Cram Packet This is not intended as a substitute for regular study ……. But it is a powerful tool for review. 1494: Treaty of Tordesillas – divides world between Portugal and Spain 1497: John Cabot lands in North America. 1513: Ponce de Leon claims Florida for Spain. 1524: Verrazano explores North American Coast. 1539-1542: Hernando de Soto explores the Mississippi River Valley. 1540-1542: Coronado explores what will be the Southwestern United States. 1565: Spanish found the city of St. Augustine in Florida. 1579: Sir Francis Drake explores the coast of California. 1584 – 1587: Roanoke – the lost colony 1607: British establish Jamestown Colony – bad land, malaria, rich men, no gold - Headright System – land for population – people spread out 1608: French establish colony at Quebec. 1609: United Provinces establish claims in North America. 1614: Tobacco cultivation introduced in Virginia. – by Rolfe 1619: First African slaves brought to British America. 15. Virginia begins representative assembly – House of Burgesses 1620: Plymouth Colony is founded. - Mayflower Compact signed – agreed rule by majority • 1624 – New York founded by Dutch 1629: Mass. Bay founded – “City Upon a Hill” - Gov. Winthrop - Bi-cameral legislature, schools 1630: The Puritan Migration 1632: Maryland – for profit – proprietorship 1634 – Roger Williams banished from Mass. Bay Colony 1635:...
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...Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior People differ from each other in their needs and values. Group effort eases their task of achieving organizational goals effectively. Human relations can be defined as motivating people in organizations to work as a team. Although human relationships have existed from quite some time in the past, the study of human relations has developed only recently. Social sciences like sociology, psychology, anthropology, economics and political science have contributed to the development of OB and human relations. Human relations and OB play a significant role in the development of the skills of employees and the improvement of organizational performance. Various studies and theories in the field of organizational behavior have given new insights into the behavior of people at work. The most important studies are the Hawthorne studies, Theory X and Theory Y, and Theory Z. The Hawthorne Studies, conducted by Elton Mayo at the Western Electric Company, was the first systematic study that recognized the significance of informal groups in the workplace and its impact on productivity. The conclusion drawn from these studies was that it was security and recognition, not just good physical working conditions that bring a drastic improvement in productivity. Moreover, informal groups operating within the work settings exert strong control over work habits of individual workers. Douglas McGregor formulated two theories called Theory X and Theory...
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...Department of MIS, Dhaka University | WALT DISNEY DECIDES TO NAME HIS CARTOON CHARACTER MICKEY | Term Paper on a topic from 75 greatest decision ever made | Acknowledgement I would like to express my deep gratitude to Mr. Ashis Talukder, Assistant Professor, Department of MIS, Dhaka University for his patient guidance, teaching Decision Support System in fall, 2013 session. I would like to mention that under his supervision, I have gone through a number of interesting topics that made me curious to study on 75 greatest decision ever made. I have chosen a topic for this term paper where I have put some extra effort to know in details. I would also like to extend my thanks to the Mr. Ashis Talukder for helping us to explore greatest and worst business decision ever made Finally, I wish to thank my parents for their support and encouragement throughout my study. Table of Contents Introduction 4 The 75 Greatest Management Decision Ever Made 5 A Great Decision for Term Paper 8 Background of the Decision 8 How This Decision Benefited 9 The Greatest Lessons 10 Conclusion 10 Introduction “The essence of ultimate decision remains impenetrable to the observer—often indeed, to the decider himself. . . . There will always be the dark and tangled stretches in the decision-making process—mysterious even to those who may be most intimately involved,” said John F Kennedy. An air of mystery lies at the heart of decisions and decision making. An entire...
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...Interior and was headed by Americans, Frank Lamson-Scribner (1902), WC Welborn (1904), and Dr. George Nesom (1907). In 1910, the Bureau, under the supervision of the Department of Public Instruction, was headed by Frederick Taylor (1911-1914) and Harry Edwards (1914-1916). After Edwards, the helm of the bureau was again given to a Filipino, Adriano Hernandez who himself was a practicing farmer. In 1917, the Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources (DANR) took over the functions of the bureau and was led by Secretaries Galicano Apacible (1917-1921), Rafael Corpuz (1921-1923), and Silvestre Apostol (1923-1928). During the administration of Secretary Rafael Alunan, Sr. (1928-1932), the DANR became the Department of Agriculture and Commerce. The Bureau of Agriculture was split into two bureaus, the Plant Industry and the Animal Industry. The following year, the Fish and Game Administration and the Fiber Inspection Service were established under the leadership of Secretary Vicente Singson Encarnacion (1933-1934). From 1934-1938, Eulogio Rodriguez, Sr. was appointed Secretary and was replaced by Secretary Benigno S. Aquino, Sr. until 1941. During Aquino’s term, the Fish and Game Administration was restructured and the Division of Soil Survey was created....
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...History of Thailand From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | | | | | | | | | | Thai people who originally lived in southwestern China migrated into mainland Southeast Asia over a period of many centuries. The oldest known mention of their existence in the region by the exonym Siamese is in a 12th-century A.D. inscription at the Khmer temple complex of Angkor Wat in Cambodia, which refers to syam, or "dark brown", people.[1] It was believed that Siam derived from the Sanskrit word syam, or "brown race", with a contemptuous signification. Sien in Chinese writings is the name for the northern kingdom that centered around Sukhothai and Sawankalok; but to the Siamese themselves, the name of the country has always been Mueang Thai.[2] The country's designation as Siam by Westerners likely came from the Portuguese, the first Europeans to give a coherent account of the country. Portuguese chronicles noted that the king of Sukhothai had sent an expedition to Malacca at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula in 1455. Following their conquest of Malacca in 1511, the Portuguese sent a diplomatic mission to Ayutthaya. A century later, on 15 August 1612, The Globe, an East India Company merchantman bearing a letter from King James I, arrived in "the Road of Syam".[3] "By the end of the 19th century, Siam had become so enshrined in geographical nomenclature that it was believed that by this name and no other would it continue to be known and styled."[4] Indianized...
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...The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league composed of 32 teams divided equally between the National Football Conference (NFC) and the American Football Conference (AFC). The highest level of professional football in the world,[4] the NFL runs a 17-week regular season from the week after Labor Day to the week after Christmas, with each team playing sixteen games and having one bye week. Out of the league's 32 teams, six (four division winners and two wild-card teams) from each conference compete in the NFL playoffs, a single-elimination tournament culminating in the Super Bowl, played between the champions of the NFC and AFC. Most games are played on Sundays, with games regularly held on Mondays and Thursdays. The NFL was formed on August 20, 1920 as the American Professional Football Conference; the league changed its name to the American Professional Football Association (APFA) on September 17, 1920 and changed their name to the National Football League on June 24, 1922 after spending the 1920 and 1921 season as the APFA. In 1966, the NFL agreed to merge effective 1970 with the rival American Football League (AFL); the first Super Bowl was held at the end of that same season in January 1967. Today, the NFL has the highest average attendance (67,591) of any professional sports league in the world[5] and is the most popular sports league in the United States. The Super Bowl is among the biggest club sporting events in the world[6] and individual...
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