...The Bering Strait was the bridge or the tunnel that the Native Americans took to get to America. The Native Americans went wherever they felt like dear God wanted them to go. While they we're following where God told them to go, they somehow ended up in Mexico.The Pueblo Indians were the first settlement of Native Americans. The Pueblo Indians had settled and God had given them a lot of signs. Symbolism was very important to the Pueblo Indians. one day of Pueblo Indian was wandering around and he heard a voice tell him to look. and he looked around he saw an Eagle eating a snake and he believed that God was telling him something. Lake Texcoco was where the Aztecs built their first capital. The Aztecs started to make a town where they...
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...The Aztecs originated from a place called Aztlan or “the seven caves”. According to legend, there were seven tribes that came together and lived in Aztlan, each in their own cave. They left Aztlan in 1111 and were sent to wander until they received a sign from their gods, directing them to settle down permanently. During the migration priests carried a huge idol of the god Huitzilopochtli, who whispered directions and eventually directed them to settle where they found an eagle sitting on a prickly-pear cactus, devouring a snake. They saw themselves as a chosen people searching for their promised land. They settled on an island in Lake Texcoco in 1325 and called it Tenochtitlan. The name of the city comes from tetl meaning rock, nochtli,...
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...Why were 300+ Spaniards able to conquer 40,000 Aztecs? Include geographical facts, Research Day of the Dead, What is it? Hernando Cortes was known as the Spanish Conqueror who defeated the Aztecs. He was born in 1485 to minor nobility in southwest Spain. He sailed to the new world in search of his fortune and joined a military expedition in 1518, lead by Diego de Velasquez that captured Cuba. Cortes soon became the mayor of Santiago and married Velazquez sister-in-law. Cortes was given permission by Spanish governor of Cuba, Diego Velasquez, to take a small group to Mexico on an exploration mission to investigate rumors of a wealthy civilization in central Mexico. Cortes was very ambitious and Velazquez was soon regretting his decision. In fact, he tried to rescind his order but it was too late. Cortes was already sailing to Mexico with a group of 11 ships. His first stop was at the Yucatan coastline before he proceeded to Tabasco. He had little trouble at Tabasco and was able to quite easily overcome the natives. It was here at Tabasco where he first learned about the great wealth of the Aztecs. Cortes went farther north and established Vera Cruz where he started planning his attack against the Aztecs. While he was Tabasco, he met his mistress La Malinche, who was fluent in Nahuatl, the Aztec language, and enlisted the help of the Tabasco natives. Since Cortes’ men had their doubts about conquering the Aztecs, and to prevent them from deserting the expedition...
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...The Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas all were different tribes that lived at different periods, in different locations, and they had different capitals for each civilization. The Mayan lived in parts of present-day southern Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. The Mayan lived between the 1000 BC to the 1542. The Mayan capital was Tikal but also there were also different capitals for each Mayan city. The Aztecs were located in now day Mexico. They also had the Great Valley. They lived between the 12 century AD to 15th century AD. Their capital was Tenochtitlan. The Inca’s were located in Peru. They lived between 1438 AD to 1532 AD. Their capital was Cuzco. The Inca empire was stretched out 2,000 miles from the north to the south. The Mayas economy was different and the same with the other tribes. They traded with many of the Mesoamerican cultures. The farmers transported their cocoa beans to the market in canoe or in large baskets. They had 3 ways of farming that were all good. The first one was the Slash and Burn farming, in this farming they burned down forests to get land to plant. This was a good way of farming but it also had its consequences....
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...Many different civilisations flourished and fell in Mexico before the Aztecs came. The first were the Olmecs. They were the most advanced in their region from about 1200-300 BC. They made war clubs and attached weapons and sharp edges to their fists during battle. They also were one of the first to engage in human sacrifice in the Mexican region. They also had pyramids and stone carvings and made a basic calendar. Next were the Mayans who lasted about one thousand years as the most powerful in the region. Their cities were abandoned for unknown reasons at about 900 AD. The farmers and simple villages of the Mayans lived on. Hearts are starting to be sacrificed to the human gods in elaborate ceremonies by various tribes. The Toltecs are the...
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...the Inuit, the Iroquois, and the Sioux. Europeans first discovered the continent when they reached what is now Greenland and continued traveling south. Jacques Cartier named the country Canada after the enslaved guides spoke the word kanata, the Iroquoian word for village. The French were the first to set up settlements in Canada in 1604. Throughout the 1700s, French and British forces were trying to gain the most land in North America. This lead to the British gaining Canada in 1759. Canada ultimately gained independence in 1867. The country grew from coast to coast over the next one hundred years to become large country that it is today....
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...governmebt matched their feat in engineering. They constructed roads, walls, irrigation system which is still being utilized in our society today. In 1532 the Spanish conquerors captured the Inca empires and it began to crumble. The Incas came out of conflicts between a number of competing communities in Southern Peru and Bolivia. It was the help of the military that caused success against the Chanca. This caused the Inca to believe they were under the protection of the sun God, Inti. Inti was known for being the emperor who was an earthly manifestation. The Incas thought they were on an all-powerful assignment to bring the civilization to those they had defeated. They inhabited some of the world’s arid dessert. Close by were the flat coastal lands and the jagged peaks of the Andes Mountain. The natives lived under the rule of one man, the emperor they called “Chief Lnca,” “Son of the Sun,” “or “Lover of the Poor.” They were the largest empire in the pre-Columbian America. The bureaucratic, legislative and military were the innermost of the empire. The language spoken by the Incas was Quichua or Quechua tongue. This language was spoken in only a minute area around Cuzco. This is where Inca dynasty started. ARAWAK The Arawak are a group of...
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...During the Ice Age, sea levels dropped creating a bridge from North America to Eurasia. 35,000 years ago This gave immigrants a chance to migrate over to the “New World”. Humans began to travel to America from Asia 33,000 - 8,000 B.C. This leads to the creation of the earliest civilizations in the Americas. Columbus’s Discovery 1492 He founded a “New World” that led to the colonization of people from Europe in America. The Treaty of Tordesillas 1494 This treaty between Spain and Portugal divided the Western Hemisphere between both groups settling conflicts. Hernan Cortes conquered Mexico 1609 He vanquished the Aztec tribe and claimed Mexico for Spain. Marco Polo His journey to China lasted about 22 years and he came back to write...
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...Long before Europeans encountered the American continents, Native Americans migrated across the land bridge between Asia and North America that the Ice Age exposed. They continued to spread across North America and South America and eventually formed civilizations where they settled. During this time, Native Americans relied on hunting and agriculture for sustenance. Agriculture, particularly corn, allowed for civilizations to multiply starting in Central and South America. Later, cultivation of the crop spread to the present-day Southwest United States and eventually into the rest of North America. At the time of the founding of massive empires like the Aztec empire, dense populations were virtually nonexistent north of Mexico. Agriculture allowed for some large civilizations to grow, but most Native Americans were still living in small tribes when...
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...The story of the conquest of the Aztec Empire by a small band of Spanish conquistadors and their Indian allies is one of the most famous episodes from history. It is well known not only for its historical significance, but also for its outrageous and hair-raising feats of derring-do. Hernando Cortez, acting essentially on his own, with an army of only about 500 men overthrew the wealthiest, most sophisticated, and most powerful empire on the American continent. The Aztecs were not a passive, peace-loving people. They had enormous armies of experienced warriors and dominated the tribes and territories for hundreds of miles around. Their cities were large, complex and strongly fortified, and their civilization was prosperous and sophisticated. The Spaniards won a victory over the Aztecs against almost insurmountable odds through a combination of diplomacy, treachery, ferocious combat and good luck. So great was the conquistadors love of gold and glory that they stood firm in nearly impossible circumstances and their sheer audacity won the day. Cortez was unquestionably brutal and merciless at times, but on the whole, he was an exceedingly skilled tactician and a charismatic leader of men. He accomplished a great deal by diplomacy and treated his Indian allies fairly. He had several Indian children whom he acknowledged and provided for, and won the respect of many native leaders. If his plans had not gone awry he might have conquered the Aztec empire with little bloodshed, and...
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...Chapter 1 New World Beginnings I. The Shaping of North America A. About six thousand years ago people started recording history B. About five hundred years ago Europeans came to America for the first time C. The theory of the super continent, Pangaea was apparent II. Peopling the Americas A. The Land bridge theory 1. As the Great Ice Age lessen, so did the glaciers from North America 2. Suggest a land bridge connecting Eurasia with North America was formed from the melting of the glaciers in preset day Bering Sea 3. Came about 35,000 years ago B. People 1. Those people that crossed the bridge arrived in South America from Siberia A. About 54 million of them populated North and South America by 1492. 2. Centuries later many tribes, languages,...
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...able to do this because at that period the world was covered in ice during the ice age period. Glaciers locked up much of the world’s water causing the water level to decrease and opening a bridge of land between Siberia and Alaska. When the glaciers receded and melted the oceans rose and therefore flooding the Bering Straits and disconnecting Asia from America. The inhabitants of America were now isolated from the inhabitants of Africa and Eurasia. Surprisingly though, from what I read it was stated that at the end of the Paleolithic age peoples of the Americas, Africa, and Eurasia all experienced similar cultural changes from hunting and gathering to an agricultural way of life. Between the years of 8000 BCE and 2000 BCE known as the Archaic Period, the people began to become more settled and hunted small animals and cultivated different crops mostly maize, beans, and squash. After 2000 BCE huge groups of civilizations started to become more developed and distinct. Called the formative period, villages combined into urban centers, monumental architecture as erected, and craft specialists developed. Two distinctive areas of civilization are Mesoamerica (Mexico and Central America) and Andean Region of South America. Found in the Formative Period are the Olmec’s. Found mostly in the low lands of Mexico’s Gulf Coast. They had public buildings, extensive pavements, a drainage system, and a major Mesoamerica ball court. These people also created massive basalt stone heads said to...
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...Chapter 1: Colliding Worlds, 1450-1700 Essential Questions: How were the economic systems of the Native Americans and the Europeans the same and how were they different? The economic systems between the Native Americans and the Europeans were the same by the way they were structured both had rulers and they were different by What impact did environment play in the development of Native American cultures? Was the Native American belief system (religion) more similar or different from the European belief system? Explain your answer. What led to the rise of the slave trade? Key People, Concepts, and Ideas: Term Significance Bering Strait A 100 mile wide land bridge connecting Siberia and Alaska. Then the glaciers melted and the rising ocean...
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...History Of Chocolate The first recorded evidence of chocolate as a food product goes back to Pre-Columbian Mexico. The Mayans and Aztecs were known to make a drink called "Xocoatll from the beans of the cocoa tree. In 1528, the conquering Spaniards returned to Spain with chocolate still consumed as a beverage. A similar chocolate drink was brought to a royal wedding in France in 1615, and England welcomed chocolate in 1662. To this point "chocolate" as we spell it today, had been spelled variously as "chocalatall, "jocolatte", "jacolatte", and "chockelet.11 In 1847, Fry & Sons in England introduced the first "eating chocolate," but did not attract much attention due to its bitter taste. In 1874, Daniel Peter, a famed Swiss chocolateer, experimented with various mixtures in an effort to balance chocolates rough flavor, and eventually stumbled upon that abundant product -- milk. This changed everything and chocolate's acceptance after that was quick and enthusiastic. Growing Cocoa Beans Cocoa beans are usually grown on small plantations in suitable land areas 20 degrees north or south of the Equator. One mature cocoa tree can be expected to yield about five pounds of chocolate per year. These are planted in the shade of larger trees such as bananas or mangos, about 1000 trees per hectare (2,471 acres). Cocoa trees take five to eight years to mature. After harvesting from the trees, the pods (which contain the cocoa beans) are split open, beans removed...
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...connection between the organisms. The Na’vi call this unique bond “tsaheylu”. Just like many groups of people on Earth they worship this bond. In Greek mythology, they had a goddess, Gaia, who was the mother of all life, an Earth personification. The Romans also had a deity called Tellus Mater, or “mother Earth”. The Scandinavian people had a strong feeling of this as well, in Norse mythology Jörð was their goddess, encompassing everything as the personification of the Earth. In the Celtic religion, Danu was their mother of the Earth. When the Vikings voyaged to the “new world”, they settled as early as 1004 ad, and they brought with them their religion. It is believed that these settlers and the Asian settlers that migrated across the land bridge created their own religion. These people became known as Native Americans and they worship the Earth as sacredly as the Na’vi. They believe that the Earth and every living thing’s lives are intertwined. Their meaning of life is to have a strong, positive relationship with the creator and be able to pass from this life to the next world, they believe that earth is their mother and she is here to take care of them, just like the Na’vi believe. Neytiri said to Jake early on in the movie, “There is a network of energy that flows through all living things, all of this energy is borrowed, one day you will have to give it...
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