...Do languages help mould the way we think? If we all spoke the same language, would we think in the same way? Discuss the issue using examples, details, and your personal experie-nces of English and your native language. Answer: A Language is a special “tool” which helps humans communicate with each other and also, being unique in comparison with the other animals and species. Due to its specific properties, a language is the way humans can share their thoughts to each other. In other words, language is the door which leads to human’s soul and mind. Through thousands of years of existence, language has spread to every corner of the world with different sounds and forms even the phomenes, people in different areas use languages to describe and express their ideas differently. Due to this reason,a large number of psycologists agreed that “languages mould the way we think” and “if all mankind spoke the same language, we would think the same way”. I do not think that this is an entirely correct opinion. Language is the way humans communicate with each other and express their idea. It is controversial about how people think-by figures (image) or by concepts (words). It is clear that people brainstorm through imagination and ideas in their mind. Then they put them in a logical order and describe them via languages. Because humans express their thought via language so it is claimed that the way people think is related to languages. But the opinion that “languages help mould the way...
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...Language is a good tool for expressing the speaker’s feelings. But it differs from another one in innumerable ways, just because of the ways people talk, it does not necessarily mean they think differently. The way you speak says a lot about you. Language can help mould the way we think, but just in its own ways. Therefore, even we spoke the same language, we might not think in the same way. Language is an important tool of communication. People have changed thoughts day by day base on most crucial is language. Language is used to communicate in life, work and education. For example, when adults say something, child can do follow exactly because they don’t know which is good or bad. So we must use languages shape thoughts of child follow true ways to become useful people when child were young. Language is an important part to create personalities. Moreover, every single world’s language is used for the same purpose; to exchange some information. The aim of using language is unchanged in each culture, however the situation in which it is used and in what way, is the main difference. People from far cultures very often encounter a kin of obstacles during the process of communication, however this is not caused by language that is used. The problem is in the way it is done. Each culture has different customs, beliefs and habits and these are the factors that differentiate one’s process of thinking. Language and thought are closely related. It is true that one can think without...
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...Numbers 4 functions of management 19 10 managerial roles 21 8 attributes of performance excellence 49 5 ingredients of learning org 50 21st century manager 51 2 dimensions of environmental uncertainty 91 4 absolutes of management for total quality control 94 4 steps in control process 202 4 criteria of a good performance obj 207 A Administrators 17 Agenda setting 23 Administrative principles (Henri Fayol) 37 Administrative principles (Mary Parker) 37,38 Argyris’s theory of adult personality 43 Autonomy and entrepreneurship (att of perform excel) 49 Agile manufacturing 95 Absence of prejudice and discrimination (Mul org) 100 Afirmative action (Mana diver) 104 Action orientation (Plan benefits) 193 Advantage oriented (Plan benefits) 193 After-action review (controlling) 201 Asset management (info + finan control) 203 Area structures 252 Authority (dele + empower) 263 Accountability (dele + empower) 263 Authority and responsibility principle (dele + empower) 263 Advisory authority (org) 265 B Belief in human capital 13 Bureaucratic organization (Max Weber) 38 Bias toward action (att of perform excel) 49 Biculturalism 103 Benefits of planning 193 Budget 197 Benchmarking 199 Best practices 199 Benefit of MBO 207 Break-even analysis 209 Benefits of functional structures 250 Boundaryless organizations 258 C Corporate governance 9 Careers 9 Critical skills...
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...STORY OF LOVE “Love is the master key that opens the gates of happiness”, “Love is like war, Easy to begin but hard to end” , that are a few definitions of love, the topic I want to write today. Happy that I have found my love, experience all emotions of love. When I was 18 years old and is a college freshman, I met a guy who was older than me. We had love at first sight and come together very quickly . Our relationship was never a terrible. He was a good guy, I was a good girl, and we really did love each other in first time. But time later, he started infidelity with the other girls, lie to me, don't care to me as much as before. Aching, my feeling at the time. I didn't feel safe when we're together, I was afraid, jealous, hateful to all the girls there.. Things became strained between us. I forgave him many times. But the problem was that there were just too many things about him that I wanted to change. And I began to realize that I could never change him and shouldn't have to do that. It was haunted me day and night, because I honestly couldn't imagine my life without him. And being alone make me afraid. After a period of tired , I knew I had to decide what I wanted my future to look like and start taking active steps towards attracting that future. And staying in my current relationship at the time was a major roadblock. Tired of asking, I found the answer himself. I knew in my heart that if I stayed where I was, life would always be a struggle...
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...For a long time, the question that whether language might mould the way of human thought or not was considered at a scientific angle. through a lot of experiments and researches which was done by the professional experts came from many aspects such as : philosophy , psychology , anthropology , linguist... and a lot of essential information was collected from all over the world included: China, Greece, Aboriginal Australia, Russia... In the end, the experts has found out some reliable evidences to answer this ancient question is whether people who speak different languages do indeed think differently or not and that even fundamentally change how we see the world. First of all, the research of Mrs. Boroditsky figured out that the simple observation that languages differ from one another. For example: “Wilson read the book of Robert Allen”, in English, in order to understand and speak in a right way the speaker has to concentrate on the verb “read”, therefore, in this case the speakers must pronounce something like “red” to emphasize this action happened in the past. In Russian people would have to alter the verb to indicate tense and gender. So if the subject was Blair who did the reading, the verb would be used somehow different from the verb which had the subject was Louis. In Russian the speakers also have to include in the verb information about completion. If Louis read only part of the book, then the verb should be used will have a different form than if Louis had diligently...
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...The Chinese Language Flagship Program culminates in a year abroad--a "Capstone year." As a language initiative that actively encourages learning through immersion, the Capstone year (in either Nanjing or Tianjin, China) is the final result of years of intensive Mandarin study and the last step to reaching the ILR 3, superior language proficiency. In addition to the general goals of proficiency, Flagship students are challenged by the transformative process of studying, living, and working in a foreign country. Frankly, the Capstone year often begins with a great deal of stress. A year abroad requires that participants - typically college seniors- accustomed to relying on support from parents and communities navigate through the challenges of a foreign country and culture. While most prospective participants have traveled abroad before, there is a tremendous difference between three months (the average length of a summer study program) and an entire year away from home. In just the first week, Flagship students are required to independently travel to China, locate their university campus, find an apartment, and choose courses--and this is only the first week. While these tasks may not seem...
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...Assignment 2: Figurative Language versus Literal Language The lack of exposure to non literal forms of language makes it difficult to engage in productive thinking. Having the capacity to understand figurative language increases our ability to communicate with each other. By increasing our word bank we expand our knowledge base and increase our thinking capacity. Below are a list of ten words with their meaning, definitions, examples and appropriate circumstances in which to use them. 1. Describe the meaning and function of each term. 1. Idiom is a language, dialect or speaking style peculiar to a people. 2. Analogy is a similarity between two like subjects on which a comparison can be based. 3. Metaphor is a figure of speech in which a term or phrase is applied to which is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance. 4. Simile is a figure of speech in which two unlike things are explicably compared. 5. Cliché is a sentence or phrase usually expressing a popular or common thought or idea which has lost its originality, ingenuity, and impact by long overuse. 6. Amphiboly is ambiguity of speech, especially from uncertainty of the grammatical construction rather than the meaning of the word. 7. "Flame word" is a word used or tone used to insult someone. 8. Hyperbole is a figure of speech not intended to be taken literally. 9. Euphemism is the substitution of a mild, indirect or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh or blunt....
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...Detect lies through body language None of us like being lied to or being taken for granted. Personally it hurts but in business it can cause a lot of hardships and cost you a lot of money. Our body is a key aspect that people observe when communicating other than our speech or verbal gestures. Learning to read body languages can help to judge if someone is lying to you with fair chances of accuracy. A survey shows that about 55% of how we communicate depends on our body language. Depending on the context of the person, a simple hand motion or a crossing of the lips can have varied meanings, sometimes positive or negative. A good observant can tell whether a person is telling the truth or shying away from it just from his/her body posture, facial expressions or even through the tone of voice. In a work environment, communication and interactions among staffs and members do not always hold a sense of honesty as one would expect. People often do not tell the truth during interviews, meetings or interrogations. However, such deceiving acts can be caught if one were to carefully monitor a person's behavior and body language. What takes place in the mind in many cases transfers to body movements and postures that mean something, which act as cues whether that person is being honest or not. Here I am going to discuss some of the many body languages that people show when they are being dishonest or lying, with or without being aware of them. Liars usually do not make eye contact...
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...Public Speaking Public speaking is an art. Like art, it’s the product of human reasons in the community. Public Speaking is a work that came from our skills and imagination. To be good at our skill we need to undergo trainings and exercising. You need to exercise your skill in public speaking. Just like bird, it doesn’t fly not unless it is being taught how to fly. Performing needs preparation. Preparations include different parts that make up your speech. You need to know what the purpose in delivering your speech is. Know your main objective to make everything clear. Also make sure that your idea fits the interest of your audiences. Your message depends in your audience. In writing your speech, you need to have a plan. Organize your ideas and make sure you’re ideas go well with your topic. Accept and renew ideas that can help enhance your message. Reject ideas that is out of the boundary of your speech. It would be nice if you use simple words so that your audiences can easily understand you. What’s significant in telling is that you’re audience can get what you want to tell them. Try to use words that are easy to understand. Lastly is delivering your speech. Eye-to-eye contact is really necessary. Make sure that you’re conversation to your audience is good. It’s like you are talking and your audience is the one who will agree to you. You should let them know that you are talking to them. Your voice is one of the special things needed in delivering your speech. You need...
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...Davenport PHI210032VA16-1132-001 – Critical Thinking January 25th, 2013 Figurative Language versus Literal Language Figurative language is a language in which the individual expresses his or her ideas and thoughts with the help of words having more than one meaning. Figurative language is an important part of writing and is also widely used in speech. To understand this language one has to use his or her imagination. Without it no one can figure out the exact meaning of the words the author wants to say. For instance, when someone says that it’s raining cats and dogs, it actually means that it is raining very hard. Terms Idioms Idioms are those terms in the figurative language in which the words, phrases and expressions are either grammatically unique or have meaning that can be literally understood by the individual. For example, an idiom: ‘after John had broken the window, he decided to face the music and tell his mother. ‘ Meaning: to accept the unpleasant consequences of one's actions With the help of an idiom, it becomes very easy for a person to narrate their native-language but if the person is using the language of other culture, sometimes it becomes an entirely unapproachable thing. Analogy If in the figurative language in order to highlight some point of similarity, the author does comparison between two different things. This style of speech is known as analogy...
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...words were slippery, unpredictable, changing their meanings without any pattern.” -Robert A. Heinlein In this text, Saussure concerns himself with what he refers to language, which he defines as a system of signs that express a concept, and argues that it can be expressed by two components: langue (the abstract system of language that is internalized by a community) and parole (the individual acts of speech). Furthermore, Saussure regards parole as heterogeneous (composed of many parts) and langue as homogeneous (composed of the union of meanings and what he refers to as sound images – both being psychological in nature). Therefore, Saussure considers langue as systematic; this being the reason why Saussure chooses to focus on langue as it allows an investigative methodology that is rooted, supposedly, in pure science. In this text, Saussure endeavors to argue against a common view of language that regards language as being a natural organism which grows and evolves following a set of laws that are outside the control of human beings. Instead, Saussure wants to position language as a social phenomenon that is beyond the immediate control of the individual speaker. To clearly state his point, Saussure needs to define the following concepts. The Sign The signe (sign) is the basic unit of language that Saussure wants to focus on for the start of his investigation in linguistics. He describes the sign as a double entity, composed of the sound image (signifier) and the...
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...Monster in Plath’s “Mirror”: The woman becomes a narrating reflector of herself as mirror and of whatever passes before it. She becomes the writer who writes of the mirror in which she perceives herself and of the mirror she is (pg 156). Plath develops the character of the mirror, and the woman this mirror observes, through the personification of the mirror. Plath’s Mirror, maneuvers through figurative language, free verse form, personification, and metaphor. The primary language of Mirror is figurative. Figurative language is defined by Clugston (2010) as “the use of words in ways they are not normally used in order to create a distinct imaginative effect or impression” (10.3). “I am silver and exact. I have no preconceptions” (Plath, 1963). Generally, it is not logically accepted that a mirror would have a voice. As written in William Freedman’s, Sylvia Plath’s, “Mirror of Mirrors”(1987), “Language may not say what the speaker means (though only other language can determine or do that)” (pg. 59). What Freedman proclaims is that only figurative or metaphoric language can...
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...Deconstructing Ubese - a Star Wars Conlang Extrapolation I don't know about you, but I was always intrigued by the language Boushh/Leia spoke in Return of the Jedi. There were only a few examples of it in the film: "Yatay, yatay, yotoh," supposedly meant "I have come for the bounty on this wookie." "Yotoh, yotoh" = "$50,000, no less." "Ey, yotoh" = C-3PO paraphrases this as "Because he's holding a thermal detenator!" "Yatoh, cha" = C-3PO paraphrases this as "He agrees." There is something else Boushh/Leia says after the business with Jabba is concluded but I can't really make it out. But the 'yatay yotoh' stuff is what fascinates me. After a bit of searching I discovered that it was called Ubese. After all this research into linguistics and blogging about conlangs, I thought it would be fun to explore an unknown language, and see if I can deconstruct it, and extrapolate on it. Of course, this would have to be a very simple language; but I've posted a few times about how important I think simplicity is. Ubese seems to be the ideal choice to examine and extrapolate on. How would you convey meaning with such seemingly limited and simple vocabulary? Such simplicity would imply, to me, that this is a very context-based language; that words mean many different things according to their context. If this is the case, repeating a word, or reduplication, alters, shifts, deepens, etc. the meaning. If this is the case, what could the sentences mean, if translated to English...
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...With over 300 languages and dozens of different cultures intermingling every-day, it makes perfect sense why so many massive multinational corporations have headquarters in London. Within the 32 boroughs that make up Greater London, the proud capital of United Kingdom, there are over 300 different languages spoken daily. This makes London a truly cosmopolitan city, probably more so than New York. New York too has diverse demographics of languages spoken but considering the presence of United Nations there, perhaps it makes more sense. But London being so close to mainland Europe, has almost become a destination of choice for bilingual professionals. The business world recognises this and has reacted adequately. A good example of this would be the fact that Air-France consolidated all of the European call centres and moved them to Wembley in North London hence creating over 200 jobs. There are plenty of other similar examples and London now hosts more multilingual contact centres than anywhere else in the world and across the board, in many industry sectors the need for bilingual professionals has seen a steady growth. Probably New York is the only city that comes close to London in terms of Internationalism. Prof. John Wells of UCL says besides the obvious business sense this helps to eliminate the narrow-mindedness of British people in learning languages. He also adds that while this makes the population more diverse it also encourages learning new languages hence a skill...
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...Vocabulary Instruction: Best Practices Raul A. Garcia Grand Canyon University SED: 535- Adolescent Literacy Prof. Dennis Fare May, 16, 2012 Meditation XVII: "No man is an Island, intire of it selfe; every man is a piece of the Continent, a part of the maine; if a Clod bee washed away by the Sea, Europe is the lesse, as well as if a Promontorie were, as well as if a Mannor of thy friends or of thine owne were; any man’s death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankinde; And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee." (Donne, J., 1924/1987) I find it ironic that this poem is written in 1924 by a poet who has recently recovered an illness that nearly takes his life, and is again used in the book by Ernest Hemmingway For whom the bell tolls, in which the main Character is a professor at a University who is also an explosions expert on a mission to blow up a bridge. Yet knowing he will not survive his mission uses this poem as a reference to what he is sure will be his own death. However, as I think of this person being a professor would it be an irony that instead of being death it may talk about life as a teacher? For whom the bell tolls, it tolls for thee, not to remind us of death but to remind us of our service to Mankinde. Does that bell toll for our students to get to class or does that bell toll to remind us of the commitment we made when we decided to be teachers of those students. Now that I have your...
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