...Lava Beds National Monument is a not-so-widely-known tourist attraction in the state of California. It can be called California´s ¨best kept secret,¨ for it is only accessible by one road. This would be a very effective field trip because it involves many learning attributes. It would also be a very safe experience, and an easy trip to make as well. Education, safety, and ease are all of the real reasons that our school should take a trip to the Lava Beds National Monument in the state of California. While learning at school has its benefits, being able to learn from actually seeing it would be so much more interesting. Lava Beds offers so much to see when it comes to education. There are various types of rock igneous, sedimentary, and maybe metamorphic. A person could also learn geometry from the different shapes of rock, such as the stalactites which are cone-shaped....
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...“Diamond Jessie” Hayman, a high-end madam and others madams in the West, were generous spending money to help victims after disaster. Russell wrote on the book that “After the 1906 earthquake that destroyed much of San Francisco, Hayman and other madams provided food and clothing to the thousands left homeless (pg 105).” Not every rich people can spent a lot of money to help the society like madams. It was a very respectful action. Not only Hayman but many other madams participated to contribute the society. The author wrote that “The “Queen of the Lava Beds” also contributed enormous sums to help establish the Seattle public school and save many of the city’s elite facilities from bankruptcy after the panic of 1893 (pg 106).” It took a lot of effort to build the society, so it could become more civilized in the future. Madams spent her money to help next generation have a better life since she knew the best way to get out of poorness was education. Even when madams died, their properties were left for the society. Russell wrote about Anna Wilson, “Toward to the end of her life she bequeathed to the city her twenty five room mansion, which became Omaha’s first modern emergency hospital and a communicable-disease treatment center (pg 107).” Madams donated all her properties after dead to contribute...
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...Hello Mr. Davis, I think that we should have a field trip to Lava Beds National Monument Park. It is located near the California and Oregon state border. Only 130,000 people go each year, it compares to nearby Yosemite National Park attracts nearly 4 million people annually. Lava Beds National Park has volcanic rock and underground caves that are full of history and geological wonder. The park has over 47,000-acres, tourists will have plenty places to explore. I know you would probably say no because it would cost a lot of money, but that is why you have a lot of fundraisers for the school. I think going to this park would let us see all the geological features in the park and help us learn about how the lava made all of the lava tubes coming from the volcano. We can explore underground lava tubes that look almost like rocky water slides. Also, to take the guided tours of the park, hike the trails, climb the rocks, and to learn about the natural volcanoes and high desert in northern California....
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...McKenzie Mikesell Geology 102 Geological Time 17.1 A) The oldest rocks are at the bottom of the bunch. (Dirty Laundry effect). B) It would be the same because they build up over time and the layers at the bottom are older. 17.2 A) The incline beds in figure 17.2 are younger. B) Because the beds on top are older than the beds on the bottom and have not flipped over. C) Younger D) Younger E) Younger, You cannot deform a structure that is not there yet. F) Lava flow has smaller mineral crystals- extrusive Sill Display-Intrusive- Display larger crystals. 17.3 A) Xenolith is a clast of preexisting rock contained within an igneous rock. B) Its older, clasts are usually older than the rock in which it is included. 17.4 DIAGRAM A) Drawing B) Right side up because ripple marks point up towards the younger material D) 4 is the youngest 17.5 17.9 C – G – A – I – K – F – D – J – H – B Layers E, A, F and I were once horizontal layers that were deformed with tilt. 17.10. E – A – F – I – C – K – G – D – H – J formed sequentially then underwent angular conformity and experienced some erosion. 17.11. A – F – B – E – H – K – J – I – D – G – C 17.12 D – J – F – G – C – B – E – I – H – A 17.6 A) Chonetes ,cleiothyridina, neospirifer, petrocrania, schizophoria 2)Leptanea Atrypa, chonetes, petrocrania, platystrophia, schizophoria 3)Petroerania platystrophia, strophomena B1)youngest B2) significant gap that spans the Devonian...
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...Reseach Paper Circum-Pacific Belt And Mediternian Belt Group 3: Rena Mae Noserale Karen Joy Umadhay Loreen Sultan Circum-Pacific Belt of Fire The Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean. In a 40,000 km (25,000 mi) horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and volcanic belts and/or plate movements. It has 452 volcanoes and is home to over 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. It is sometimes called the circum-Pacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. About 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. The next most seismically active region (5–6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt, which extends from Java to Sumatra through theHimalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the third most prominent earthquake belt. The Ring of Fire is a direct result of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of lithospheric plates. The eastern section of the ring is the result of the Nazca Plate and the Cocos Plate being subducted beneath the westward moving South American Plate. The Cocos Plate is being subducted beneath the Caribbean Plate, in Central America. A portion of the Pacific Plate along with the small Juan de Fuca Plate are...
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...memory or memories, a feeling, or even just being in the environment. All of it leads up to being a persons “favorite place”. Everyone has a favorite place in their home, a place where he or she can be him or herself. Somewhere you can find peace and harmony. For some it's a quiet place, for others it's a hustling, bustling, full of people and movement place. But all of these places have one thing in common; they are places where you'd run to in times of both joy and stress. There is one place to me that makes me feel like I am the only one in the world. I chose this place because its stress free. It’s the only place in my house where I can be myself. I don’t have to worry about what others have to say. I can lay back and relax on my bed. A lot of times I just lay down and close my eyes and daydream about places I'd like to see or think about things that make me happy. One thing I do not do is think about things I need to get done or anything that makes me feel stressed because then I’ll never feel relaxed. I usually try to stay away from these kinds of thoughts and it usually works out well. Being able to watch whatever I please on my own television. Even playing my Xbox 360, without having to share with my brothers. Having the opportunity to stay up all night, listening to music. Designing my room the way I want it. My bedroom is like paradise on earth. Well maybe not paradise, but to me it means a lot. It gives me a peace of mind. My bedroom is the place where I can honestly...
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...1. What is a volcano? A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in the surface or crust of the Earth or a planetary mass object, which allows hot lava, volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface. 2. How is volcano formed? Volcanoes form when hot material from below rises and leaks into the crust. This hot material, called magma, comes either from a melt of subducted crustal material, and which is light and buoyant after melting, or it may come from deeper in the interior of a planet and is light and buoyant because it is very hot. 3. What are the kinds of volcano according to shapes and activity? A. Kinds of volcano according to shapes: a. Shield volcanoes - broad, shield-like profiles, are formed by the eruption of low-viscosity lava that can flow a great distance from a vent. They generally do not explode catastrophically. b. Lava domes - are built by slow eruptions of highly viscous lavas. c. Cryptodomes - are formed when viscous lava forces its way up and causes a bulge. d. Volcanic cones or cinder cones - result from eruptions of mostly small pieces of scoria and pyroclastics (both resemble cinders, hence the name of this volcano type) that build up around the vent. B. Kinds of volcano according to activity e. Active Volcanoes - volcanoes that in general have been active for a certain period of time. f. Dormant Volcanoes - dormant volcanoes are assumed to be inactive for...
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...the volcano centre and spill over with lava. Eruptions can cause blasts, lava flows, hot ash flows, mudslides, avalanches, falling ash and floods. Volcano eruptions have been known to knock down entire forests. An erupting volcano can trigger tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, mudflows and rockfalls. How are volcanoes formed? Volcanoes are formed when magma from within the Earth's upper mantle works its way to the surface. At the surface, it erupts to form lava flows and ash deposits. Over time as the volcano continues to erupt, it will get bigger and bigger. What are the different stages of volcanoes? Volcanoes are in three main categories: active, dormant, and extinct. An active volcano is one which has recently erupted and there is a possibility that it may erupt soon. A dormant volcano is one which has not erupted in a long time but there is a possibility it can erupt in the future. An extinct volcano is one which has erupted thousands of years ago and there’s no possibility of eruption. Why do volcanoes erupt? The Earth's crust is made up of huge slabs called plates, which fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. These plates sometimes move. The friction causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions near the edges of the plates. The theory that explains this process is called plate tectonics. What are the different types of volcanoes? There are four types of volcanoes: cinder cones, composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes and lava...
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...volcano A volcano is a place on the earths surface for any other planets or moons surface) where molten rock and gases erupt through the earths crust.Volcanoes vary quite a bit in their structure-some have rocks in the earths crust where lava erupts, and some are domes, shields, or mountain-like structures with a crater at the summit.Magma is molten rock within the earths crust.When magma erupts through the earths surface it is called lava. Lava can be thick and slow-moving or thin and fast-moving. Rock also comes from volcanoes in other forms, including ash (finely powdered rock that looks like dark smoke coming from the volcano) and cinders (bits of fragmented lava). Inside a volcano The magma chamber is a collection of magma inside the earth, below the volcano. The main vent is the main outlet for the magma to escape. secondary vents are smaller outlets through which magma escapes. The crater is created after an eruption blows the top off the volcano. An eruption occurs when pressure in the magma chamber forces magma up the main vent, towards the crater at the top of the volcano. some magma will also be forced out of the secondary vent at the side of the volcano. Different types of volcano Volcanoes can be described in terms of activity and can be: Still active and erupt frequently. Dormant (temporarily inactive but not fully extinct). Extinct (never likely to erupt again). Volcanoes can also be described by their shape or type. ...
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...level. Since 1832, Mauna Loa has erupted 39 times; its last eruption was in 1984. According to USGS estimates, the volcano has erupted an average of once every 6 years over the past 3000. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory celebrated the 30th anniversary of Mauna Loa's last eruption (in 1984) on March 25, 2014, underscoring that it has been a relatively quite 3 decades at the world's largest active volcano. Mauna Loa is one of Earth's most active volcanoes. Since 1843 it has erupted 33 times producing lavas that have covered over 800 km2 In late Aug 2015, HVO raised the tilt level at Mauna Loa because of long-term increased seismicity rates and inflation of the summit (as measured by cross-caldera difference). This doesn't mean an eruption is imminent, but signs are consistent with magma entering the shallow part of the magmatic system at the volcano. Mauna Loa is a "shield volcano", which means it is a gently sloping mountain produced from a large number of generally very fluid lava flows. The volcano has been erupting for at least 100,000 years prom a primary volcanic centre that is presently manifested by Moku'aweoweo crater at the mountain's summit. It has produced both a'a and pahoehoe flows, and lesser amounts of pyroclastic deposits. The volcano is constructed of a rock type known as tholeiitic basalt http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/volcanoes/changingEruptionStyles.html http://www.livescience.com/29824-why-eyjafjallajoekull-volcano-erupted.html Eyjafjallajökull last erupted...
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...Mount Vesuvius, a sleeping giant and of the only active volcanoes located on the west coast of Italy, erupted on August 24th, 79AD covering the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum “to a depth of more than 14 to 17 feet of pumice, volcanic ash, and debris. Vesuvius is located above a subduction zone form where the African plate descends beneath Italy. Magma produced from the melting African plate creates the large violently explosive volcanoes of the Italian Peninsula.” (Ball) Due to the fact that seismic activity was so common in the area, people did not pay much attention when several quakes shook the earth beneath Herculaneum and Pompeii and were unprepared for the explosion that took place killing more than 16,000 people. I will be responsible for the atmospheric effects that resulted from the volcano’s eruption. At noon on August 24th, Vesuvius exploded, impelling a 10 mile mushroom cloud of ash and pumice into the stratosphere. For the next 12 hours, volcanic ash and a hail of pumice stones up to 3 inches in diameter showered Pompeii forcing people to flee the city. Approximately 2,000 people stayed in Pompeii, trying to wait out the eruption. The city of Herculaneum was initially protected from a westerly wind, however an enormous cloud of hot ash and gas submerged the west side of Vesuvius, engulfing the city. The pyroclastic eruption created a huge mushroom cloud consisting of three regions. The first region consisted of the gas thrust, the second consisted of the convective...
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...Some hazards of an eruption of Mount Saint Helens are a pyroclastic flow which is a hazardness fast-moving current of hot gas and rock (collectively known as tephra). It can reach speeds moving away from a volcano of up to 450 mph and reach temperatures of about 1,830 °F. Volcanic ash is another hazard and is up made of tiny fragments of jagged rock, minerals, and volcanic glass. Volcanic ash is hard, abrasive, and does not dissolve in water. Generally, particles of volcanic ash are 2 millimeter across or smaller. If ingested can result in death. Volcanic Gasses can cause danger to people, animals, agriculture, and property. Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen fluoride are the most dangerous. Sulfur dioxide gas can lead to acid rain and air pollution downwind from a volcano. Lahar also a volcanic Mudslide is a destructive mudflow on the slopes of a volcano. The VEI or Volcanic Explosivity Index is a rating of the relative scale that enables explosive volcanic eruptions to be compared with one another. The VEI number of this volcano is 4. This is because it will be larger than normal but within reason compared to others.Mount St. Helens is an active stratovolcano located in Skamania County, Washington. St. Helens sits within the Casade Mountain range which was created by a subduction plate boundary. The last major eruption was on May 18, 1980, an earthquake struck below the north face of Mount St. Helens, triggering the largest landslide in recorded history and a major...
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...Name:___________________________ Date:___________________ Period:________ How Can Volcanic Landforms Form Far Away From Plate Boundaries? 1) What are the places where islands are formed far away from a plate boundary (ex: Hawaiian Islands)? A) offset B) hot spot C) volcanic island arc 2) When magma rises from inside the Earth through the lithosphere to the surface thanks to a hot spot, what will form when the lava would build up? A) volcanic island B) ocean floor C) undersea volcano 3) A volcanic island may eventually form when ___________. A) New oceanic lithosphere is placed over the hot spot as the oceanic plate moves. B) The amount of cooled lava on the ocean floor would build up over time and reach the surface. C) A strong convection current from the mantle pushes the magma from the hot stop rapidly towards the surface....
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...Mount Tambora and its Destruction Mount Tambora is a stratovolcano and is located on Sumbawa Island, Indonesia and is still currently an active volcano. The volcano was 14,000 feet high and was the tallest peak in Indonesia until its eruption in 1815 which caused the volcano mountain to decrease to 9,354 feet. The volcano is sitting on a subduction zone and is surrounded by an oceanic crust. There has been several eruptions from this particular volcano but the most destructive and memorable eruption was on April 5th in 1815 which took the lives of 71,000 people in nearby cities and towns. It had a rating of 7 on the volcanic explosivity index and caused a volcanic ash that could be seen from far distances. Of the 71,000 people killed, around...
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...pressure inside the mountain. The mountain offends shows signs of the pressure built by releasing a stream of steam. When the pressure stored gets beyond the mountain ability to holds, the result an eruption of ash and rocks. As it discharges out volcanic ash and rocks, the plate’s tear allowed the lava a path to escape upwards and out...
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