...Leadership and Self Deception Introduction From personal experience, nobody ever wants to hear that they have a problem in any aspect of their life. The truth is painful to hear. I know that I’m very critical of myself and I am able to accept it from myself. By nature, we as individuals aren’t as accepting to listen to someone else tell us that we have a problem or that we are the problem. Sometimes listening to someone tell you that you have a problem can really throw you off your game. In your mind, you are thinking…yeah right, I don’t have a problem, tssk tssk, what are you talking about? Your natural instinct is to disagree and get defensive, maybe your eyes twitch, your heart beats really fast and you break out in a sweat, whatever it is…you likely deny that you have a problem. Philosophers call this self deception, being in the box where you resist any suggestion that there is a problem. Self deception is most common in organizations and is the most damaging. Others looking at you give you a different perspective of yourself. You yourself may never see that there are any issues. When we aren’t recognizing there is a problem, we tend to be blind to the truth. If we are close minded in acknowledging there is a problem, any approach to find a solution will make matters worse. Self deception is so fundamental to leadership because leadership is about making matters better. We undermine our leadership at every aspect if we perceive that we are never the problem...
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...When considering other people we work with as objects, we lose sight of our goals because we are only considering ourselves. This is the message the authors at The Arbinger Institute are trying to convey in their book, Leadership and Self-Deception. The book is not written as a manual on leadership, rather a story of one leader learning the meaning of self-deception. As we, the readers, learn through the training program Tom Callum is currently undergoing, we all are victims of self-deception. The book explains that self-deception is merely passing through moments when we observe the needs of other and let them pass without acting on them. This self-deception breed ill feelings toward the other person in order to justify our own actions. This area of self-deception is what the author refers to as “the box”. The book is an easy read because the author or authors use a story-telling approach to the topic of self-deception. Instead of saying we deceive ourselves, the authors used clear examples to illustrate their meanings. I found this to be appealing because the topic of their book is a bit vague when only hearing the main points of self-deception. By providing a story and stories with in the story, the authors clearly convey their point which makes understanding it much easier. The authors believe that productivity in an organizational and interpersonal relationship setting can be directly impeded by our unwillingness to view other people as people. The author points...
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...In our everyday life, we struggle or commit ourselves to self-deception. For instance, a long-time friend of mine called to mention that she has been struggling financially for some time now. This circumstance will not have anything to do with her job; in fact, she is exceptionally paid as a physical therapist. But, having been married to a person five years her junior, who invariably wanted to get the novel craze in town. Given that she is the one with better financial capability, would indulge her husband’s whims to her fiscal defeat. She has her eyes peeled that she should handle her finances well, but she insists on rationalizing out with me that she just wanted her husband to be happy. As a good friend, I have never failed to warn...
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...(APA) provides leadership in formulating ethical principles standards (Cozby and Bates, 2015, P. 47). APA ethics code consists of five principles and they are beneficence and nonmaleficence, fidelity and responsibility, integrity, justice and respect for right and responsibility (Cosby and Bates, 2015, P. 47). The principle of beneficence informs researchers to make sure there are greater benefits and to not harm their participants. Fidelity and responsibility is for psychologist to establish a great relationship with participants and the people they are working with. Psychologists have to make sure that they keep their word and accomplish everything that they agreed to negotiate with participants. Integrity mean for psychologist to not engage in any negativities activities such as fraud, cheat or steal (Cozby and Bates, 2015, P. 48). Psychologists also have to understand that everyone have the right to a fair justice. Last, psychologists have to respect people’s right, privacy, confidentiality and self-determination (Cosby and Bates, 2015, P. 48)....
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...have been born with inherent leadership characteristics, the art of being a successful leader and entrepreneur can be learned. In addition, leadership styles and organizational goals have to be aligned in order to be successful. Structure, policies & mission within an organization can also lead an entrepreneur’s venture to failure. An alarming 62% of small businesses fail within the first six years of existence (Kurtz & Boone, 2011). Such statistics can discourage an entrepreneurial idea from even “leaving the ground.” Hence, prior to an entrepreneurial business commencing, reliable resources and tools need to be consulted. The purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics of entrepreneurs and leaders, leadership styles, resources, and the tools available for establishing a good foundation for small businesses and good leadership practices in order to be successful. The practices, thoughts, and resources of entrepreneurs and leaders have been examined for years. With the financial economy dynamically changing, it takes a unique individual to head an organization. Entrepreneurs need to examine the past leaders and resources to better equip themselves to be successful. Create a hybrid theory/philosophy which combines the common elements found in the thinking of Case, Kouzes, and Drucker. In your philosophy, be sure to include the new definition of entrepreneurial leadership presented in Understanding Entrepreneurial Leadership in Today’s Dynamic Markets. ...
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...ABSTRACT Detecting deception By RACHEL ADELSON July/August 2004, Vol 35, No. 7 Print version: page 70 Research has shown that even agents from the FBI, CIA and Drug Enforcement Agency don't do much better than chance in telling liars from truth-tellers. Spotting the sneaks can be tough. Polygraph tests- so-called "lie detectors"--are typically based on detecting autonomic reactions and are considered unreliable. They warn readers that detecting deception is an inexact science, but note an association between lying and increased pupil size, an indicator of tension and concentration. Second, they find that people listening to liars think they seem more nervous than truth-tellers, perhaps because their voices are pitched higher. And liars are more likely than truth-tellers to press their lips together. On the other hand, they note, liars don't appear to be more fidgety, nor do they blink more or have less-relaxed posture. According to DePaulo and Morris, only when liars are more highly motivated--when the stakes are higher--do they seem unusually still and make notably less eye contact with listeners. the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), which, when combined with voice and speech measures, reaches detection accuracy rates of up to 90 percent, Ekman claims. Ekman, through close study, learned that "micro-expressions" lasting less than one-fifth of a second may leak emotions someone wants to conceal, such as anger or guilt. DePaulo and Morris say that liars take longer to start...
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...According to faith-based Christian university, Concordia University Wisconsin, they have a mission focused on developing students for service to others. As a soon-to-be graduate of the Counseling Program at Concordia University Wisconsin, I have a responsibility to use what I have learned and do just that-serve others. My past studies, live experience have shaped my personal belief and current views on leadership and service to others. Former head coach of the National Football League’s Washington Redskins and current NASCAR team owner Joe Gibss knows a thing or two about leadership. Gibb ( ) states, “He believes he learned his most effective team-building skills from the greatest team leader of all time and his greatest mentor, Jesus Christ.” Jesus brought together the least likely group of 12 men to spread the most important message of all time. Once his team was established, Jesus Christ went on to serve his disciples by washing their feet. What an amazing act of servant-leadership....
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...head: THE PRINCE The Prince Book Synopsis ########## University of ##### Dr. ##### #### 16, 20## The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli reveals an interesting perspective of leadership and ethics relating to how a prince should obtain land, control it and maintain it by any means necessary. In this book, Machiavelli provides a clear definition of the different types of states or principalities, recommendation on how to govern these principalities and how to expand a prince’s domain. Furthermore, he explains ways to evaluate the strong points and vulnerabilities of other principalities and concludes with the qualities or characteristics a prince should possess to maintain his status. Perhaps one of the most interesting aspects of this book is the suggestion Machiavelli gives about the characteristics a prince should develop in order to be successful, particularly the idea of responsibility, kindness or compassion, and the concept of trust or faith. This paper will focus on these key characteristics or qualities Machiavelli suggests a prince should possess and compare them with leadership based on character. Character based leadership suggests there is a direct correlation between character, ethics and how leadership is developed. It is based upon seven “classical virtues”, courage, faith, justice, prudence, temperance, love and hope. Each of these virtues describes a certain aspect of character and, when they become intertwined...
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...1. Using the critical thinking skills you have gained so far and referring to the materials provided for this assignment, identify two possible strategies that Thomas Hutchinson or Samuel Adams likely used to develop and improve their thinking as those historical events unfolded prior to taking a stand and acting according to their beliefs. Two possible strategies that Thomas Hutchinson or Samuel Adams likely used to develop and improve their thinking were, when the statement, or some part of it, is open to interpretation, use the if-then approach to analysis. Thomas Hutchinson and Samuel Adams would have thought about their decisions prior to just going through with them blindly. They would also analyze the effects their decisions would have. By thinking of their decisions, both of them were intelligent enough to separate the facts from what was uncertain. By doing this both men would not be leaving any part of statements or theory’s left open to interpretation. If the exercise consists of a dialogue, read it several times, each time for a different purpose. First, read it to understand the discussion in its entirety. Then read each person’s comments individually, noting the progression of his or her thoughts and the degree of logical consistency. Finally, read for implications and assumptions; these are ideas are not stated directly but are nevertheless identifiable by what is stated directly. Both men were heavily involved in the creation of Massachusetts law, government...
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...intrinsic task motivation. The first cognition is meaning. Meaning is defined as the value or purpose of work judged by the follower in relation to their personal values. Second is competence, or self-efficacy. Competence was related to the follower’s perception of their ability to perform their assigned tasks. The third cognition is self-determination, or the follower’s sense of having choice in initiating or regulating actions. The last is impact, explained as the degree to which a follower can influence outcomes (Thomas & Velthouse, 1990; Spreitzer,...
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...ORGANIZATIONAL BULLYING: ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL EMAIL By Ruth Ragatz Dr. Fritz COMM 494W-75 October 12, 2013 ORGANIZATIONAL BULLYING: ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL EMAIL Introduction I. United Healthcare – The assessment A. Determine the “Good” of the Organization 1. Historical Moment A. Dwelling Place B. Community of Memory B. Multiplicity of communication ethics 1. Define Communication Ethics for United Healthcare 2. Organizational Culture 3. Power and Leadership A. High Power B. Monological arrogance C. Dialogic Ethics 1. 2. 3. 4. Attentiveness Ground of Self Ground of Other Dialogic Civility II. United Healthcare – The analysis A. Codes, Procedures, guidelines 1. Internet Ethics A. Dehumanization B. Fair and equal opportunity C. Formal code of Ethics 2. Contextual Communication Ethics A. Eye of the Beholder B. Culture, Diversity, and communication B. Democratic Communication ethics 1. The habit of search 2. The habit of justice 3. The habit of preferring public to private motivations 4. The habit for respect for dissent A. Interpersonal Responsibility B. Accountability 1. Evaluation and the Good Conclusion 2 Ruth Ragatz Dr. Fritz COMM 494W-75 October 12, 2013 ORGANIZATIONAL BULLYING: ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL EMAIL In the 21st century, organizations have benefitted from technological advances such as; the internet, mobile phones, computers, instant messaging, and even the ability for employees to work in cyberspace...
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...as people without getting taken advantage of, and Bud proceeds to ask Tom a question about whether his viewing an employee as an object would inspire her to become more innovative about her work. Even when reprimanding an employee, a boss should make sure that their perceptions include seeing them as real people. Bud then encourages Tom to consider his company employees and how he perceives them (The Arbinger Institute, 2002). The eighth chapter includes how Tom personally confronted employees to apologize for how he treated them. Yet, Tom realized people’s obvious dislike for him at Zagron. One of the workers clearly feigns enthusiasm when he asked her how she enjoyed her time working for him. She clearly is more knowledgeable on self-deception and the box. The other Zagrum employee tells Tom she is sorry for erasing his stuff. In the last encounter with an employee, Tom is probed on what the problem was because the worker was clearly suspicious on his phoning her just to check in. Tom begins thinking that his attempts were a complete waste of time, when Kate Stenarude approaches him (The Arbinger Institute, 2002). Chapter nine includes Tom’s encounter with Kate Stenarude, and he questions her regarding the importance of the meetings. She explains that his training is highly important to the business operations. Mrs. Stenarude asks Tom how he was doing with his job position, and Tom tells her that all is well, except being told that he is in the box. Kate informs him that...
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...Price Index was done under the leadership of Michael Boskin in which they declared that the CPI has been overstated and that the index should have been at a rate of 1.8% as opposed to the reported amount of 2.9%. His report also included that the CPI had been overstated similarly of the past twenty years. The finding in his report shows that the government was doing a good job at controlling inflation and that productivity was higher than previously reported. Since our government uses index to adjust stats such as GDP per capita, a reduction in CPI shows our economic performance as improved. We cannot afford to take his report into consideration as there are many flaws and deceptions in his findings. The CPI is made up of many details below are a few key points that will help that will help to reveal the flaws and deceptions regarding Boskin’s determination. Wrong Market Basket The BLS conducts a survey every ten years on consumer behavior in order to set up a weighted “market basket of goods and services” that is supposed to represent outlays of the average citizen and is adjusted for any changes they find in lifestyle. These adjustments only consider two lifestyles the CPI-W which represents living conditions for lower middle class and poor urban household getting their income from wages and salaries as clerical non-executive workers, and the CPI-U which represents non-wealthy urban consumers inclusive of wage earners, salaried workers, self-employed, and the unemployed...
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...Risk: Structural Frame: risks ignoring everything outside rational scope (tasks, procedures, policies, and organizational charts) * Human Resource Frame: sometimes romanticized view of human nature (everyone hungers for growth and collaboration) * Political Frame: fixation on politics; easily becomes cynical; reinforcing conflict and mistrust * Symbolic Frame: powerful insight into fundamental issues of meaning and belief, creating cohesive groups with shared mission; but, its concepts are elusivability to use multiple * frames Process | Structural | Human Resource | Political | Symbolic | Strategic planning | Create strategic direction | Meeting to promote participation | Arena to air conflict | Ritual to reassure audiences | Decision-making | Rational process to get right answer | Open process to build commitment | Chance to gain or use power | Ritual to build values, bonding | Reorgani-zing | Improve structure/ environment fit | Balance needs and tasks | Reallocate power, form new coalitions | Image of accountability, responsiveness | Process | Structural | Human Resource | Political | Symbolic | Strategic planning | Create strategic direction | Meeting to promote participation | Arena to air conflict | Ritual to reassure audiences | Decision-making | Rational process to get right answer | Open process to build commitment | Chance to gain or use power | Ritual to build values, bonding | Reorgani-zing | Improve structure/...
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...Ethics in Leadership Why is Ethical Leadership a Social Responsibility? * Enron * Wells Fargo * Penn State * Lehman Bros. * MF Global Does the general public have a positive impression of the organizations listed above? Now we know, on average, that there are ethical employees at these firms. However, the employees did not lead them to their corporate demise or negative public perception. It was leadership culture without social responsibility as a cornerstone. And the results can be devastating. It can destroy a schools reputation. Destroy a company’s financial footing by eroding the confidence of the investors. In short, the lack of ethical leadership will almost always end badly for all concerned. Five Ethical Leadership Behaviors Ethics are what you do while values are what you say. Ethical leadership means that people look at your behavior and what you do, not just what you say. Unethical behavior kills leadership. According to Andrew Dubin, there are five ethical leadership behaviors. These include: * Be honest and trustworthy. This will build creditabilty * Pay attention to all stakeholders. This enhances the team concept * Build community. This lead to having a culture that is goal oriented * Respect the individual. The golden rule. * Accomplish silent victories. Let others receive praise and recognition What NOT to do: There are three behaviors that leaders must be aware of that can kill ethical leadership...
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