...Industry Analysis: Li-Fi T able of Contents Table of Figures ............................................................................................................................ 2 Table of Tables ............................................................................................................................. 2 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 4 Li -Fi Technology Assumption ..................................................................................................... 4 Report Scope ............................................................................................................................ 4 Report Structure ....................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 1 UK Broadband Industry.................................................................................................. 6 Current Technologies ................................................................................................................ 6 Current Market & Key Competitors ............................................................................................ 7 Future Market ...................................................
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...Li-Fi Technology. T.Ganesh ECE- A tganesh.gopi140@gmail.com Abstract Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) is a bidirectional, high speed and fully networked and a subset of optical wireless communications (OWC) and could be a complement to RF communication (Wi-Fi or Cellular network), or even a replacement in contexts of data broadwireless communication technology similar to Wi-Fi. The term was coined by Harald Haas and is a form of visible light communicationasting. It is so far measured to be about 100 times faster than some Wi-Fi implementations, reaching speeds of 224 gigabits per second. It is wireless and uses visible light communication or infra-red and near ultraviolet (instead of radio frequency waves) spectrum, part of optical wireless communications technology, which carries much more information, and has been proposed as a solution to the RF-bandwidth limitations. This OWC technology uses light from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a medium to deliver networked, mobile, high-speed communication in a similar manner to Wi-Fi. The Li-Fi market is projected to have a compound annual growth rate of 82% from 2013 to 2018 and to be worth over $6 billion per year by 2018. Whether you‘re using wireless internet in a coffee shop, stealing it from the guy next door, or competing for bandwidth at a conference, you‘ve probably gotten frustrated at the slow speeds you face when more than one device is tapped into the network. As more and more people and their many devices access...
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...BMS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Avalahalli, Doddabalapur Road, Bangalore-64 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING TERAHERTZ TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Subject Title: Microwaves & Radar Name: Hamsini Poovamma B S USN: 1BY12EC014 Batch & Sem: V A Staff Incharge: Mrs Rashmi N, Asst.Professor Dept. of Electronics and Communication BMS Institute of Technology Signature of Student Signature of Faculty Signature of HOD TERAHERTZ TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS Terahertz (THz) is Far-Infrared radiation located between microwaves and infrared in the electromagnetic spectrum. It is low-energy, non-ionizing radiation which can penetrate many non-polar, non-conducting materials such as clothing, paper, masonry or plastic. They can penetrate fog and clouds. Their wavelength corresponds revealingly with bio molecular vibrations. Terahertz radiation, also known as t-rays, has wavelength of 3-100 cm-1. Terahertz radiation was discovered in 1896. Unless they're at a temperature of absolute zero (−273.16°C), all objects, animate and inanimate, give off terahertz radiation (called T-rays), the heat from molecular vibrations. No one knew how to make T-rays bright enough to actually use in the everyday world. Attempts with semiconductors produced only wimpy T-rays, 1/2,000th of a watt at most. One way to make terahertz radiation...
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...McDonald’s Value Chain Analysis Jeovani Zamarripa, Alicia Wylie, y Jason Flores, Conor Mullarkey Mission Statement “McDonald's brand mission is to "be McDonald s be our customers' favorite place and way p to eat." Our worldwide operations have been aligned around a global strategy called the Plan to Win centering on the five basics of an t i th fi b i f exceptional customer experience – People, Products Place, People Products, Place Price and Promotion. We are committed to improving our operations and enhancing our customers' experience.” Company History McDonald s McDonald’s Bar-B-Que (1940) • World’s 1st McDonald’s • Founded by Dick and Mac McDonald • San Bernadino, CA • D i i & car hop service Drive-in h i McDonald’s (1948) •N Name F Formulates l • Menu develops • 15 Cent hamburger Company Info • Corporate Headquarters: p q – McDonald’s Corporation 2111 McDonald's Dr Oak Brook, IL 60523 • Employees: – Approximately 400,000 McDonald s employees globally McDonald’s – 1.6 million people globally are employed through McDonald’s restaurants and their franchises • Restaurants: – 32,000 world-wide, 118 countries 2009 Revenue & U.S. Stocks k (US only) • NYSE: MCD – Current Price: $64.74 – Change: $0.26 + g (As of 2/16/2010) • • • • 2009 Revenue (mil.)$22,744.701 Year Revenue Growth -3.3% 3 3% 2009 Net Income (mil.)$4,551.001 Year Net Income Growth 5.5% Y N tI G th 5 5% Leadership James Skinner Vice Chairman, CEO Left to Right: Jose...
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...OpenRadio and Software Defined Cellular Wireless Networking As with most aspects of computer science, wireless network technology has evolved over the years by way of competing proposals and protocols, developed within academia, industry, or often through collaboration of the public and private sectors. As public adoption of computer networks increased, the demand for methods of connecting these networks and allowing users to access their resources led engineers and theoreticians to adapt existing electromagnetic radiation to transmit computer data over the same media which had previously been used to broadcast audio and video signals. For as widespread as the use of these technologies has become, most of the advancement and innovation still comes from within a relatively small community of experts in and around Silicon Valley. The subject of this report is one such collaboration known as the Open Networking Research Center, or ORNC, a joint task force between Stanford University and University of California at Berkeley, sponsored by prominent technology companies such as HP, Intel, Google, Cisco and VMWare. One of the projects that ONRC is working on is to develop a software defined networking solution for cellular wireless data networks, which they refer to as OpenRadio. This report will focus on what ONRC perceives as the problem or shortcoming with the current TCP/IP infrastructure which supports cellular wireless, what they propose as their solution, and how close they are...
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...Technology Overview New mobile computing devices are flooding the market with a dramatic demand for access to the internet. With Wireless Fidelity, or Wi-Fi, exploding in popularity, companies and even some whole localities are increasingly providing access to the public. Due to its popularity, varieties of businesses are exploring their options to stay relevant and attract customers. Airports, train stations, grocery stores and other public locations are offering free Wi-Fi in hopes to lure the consumer to purchase their products. Free public Wi-Fi facilitates a lengthier customer relationship and offers a competitive advantage against other local coffee shops offering the same consumables. The accessibility that retail companies have offered to their customers allows for easy and convenient access to the internet. Background Information Wi-Fi is radio-wave technology known as IEEE 802.11b. Wi-Fi has an inexpensive installation and runs with speeds up to 11Mbps. An existing local area network, LAN, needs to exist to install wireless access points. The advantages are the mobility it allows, ability for multiple devices to quickly access with or without authenticating, higher speeds than wired access, and installation costs. The disadvantages include the need for multiple wireless access points to increase signal strength in large areas, narrow area of space that the wireless signal reaches, connection hiccups and the weak security points of having a public network. There...
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...o there are many issue with wireless devices, I am going to discuss and also going to throw light on new possibilities. These are main 4 Issue with wireless technology we are having these day 1. Capacity We are transmitting these wireless data in form of radio wave, we all knows these are limited, scarce, and expansive and no hope for further expansion as per our need. These limitation is not able to full fill our current monthly data transmission demand and we are no doubt running out of spectrum. 2. Efficiency There is another problem, efficiency. These base stations consume lots of power every hour. Interesting thing is that most of the power is not used for transmitting radio waves, but to cool down the base stations. Thus efficiency of such base stations is only about 5%, that means a big problem. 3. Availability You can’t use your wireless devices in your Flight, hospitals, in military prone areas for security issue. 4. Security Security is another issue, these penetrating and scattering radio waves have no controls in boundaries, they goes off the range we use, even consumes power too. Even somebody can make misuse of these radio waves, Looking to another corner, we have 20 billion of Light bulbs deployed across the world in current infrastructure. That’s what I am going to cover in my post. We have electromagnetic spectrum, where we have Radio waves and visible light, Comparing their availability, bamm, we have 10,000 times more visible...
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...supporting Intel® 64 architecture, Intel® Smart Cache Intel® Core™ i3-330M/i3-350M processor (3 MB L3 cache, 2.13/2.26 GHz, DDR3 1066 MHz, 35 W), supporting Intel® 64 architecture, Intel® Smart Cache Mobile Intel® HM55 Express Chipset | System Memory1, 3, 4, | Dual-channel DDR3 SDRAM support: * Up to 4 GB of DDR3 system memory, upgradable to 8 GB using two soDIMM modules5 | Display | 15.6" HD 1366 x 768 pixel resolution, high-brightness (200-nit) Acer CineCrystal™ TFT LCD 16:9 aspect ratio | Graphics | NVIDIA® GeForce® GT 320M with 1024 MB of dedicated DDR3 VRAM, supporting NVIDIA® CUDA™, PhysX™, PureVideo® HD technology, OpenEXR High Dynamic-Range (HDR) technology, Shader Model 4.0, Microsoft® DirectX® 10.1 ATI Mobility Radeon™ HD 5470 with 512 MB of dedicated DDR3 VRAM, supporting Unified Video Decoder (UVD), OpenEXR High Dynamic-Range (HDR) technology, Shader Model 5.0, Microsoft® DirectX® 11, OpenGL ® 3.1, OpenCL™ 1.1 Dual independent display support 16.7 million colors External resolution / refresh rates6: * VGA port up to 2048 x 1536: 85 Hz * HDMI™ port up to 1920 x 1080: 60 HzMPEG-2/DVD decoding WMV9 (VC-1) and H.264 (AVC) decoding HDMI™ (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) with HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection) support | Audio | Two built-in stereo speakers High-definition audio support...
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...SECURING WI-FI ROGUE ACESS WITHIN AN ENTERPRISE SETTING Securing Wi-Fi Rogue Access within an Enterprise Setting Daniel Joel Clark A Capstone Presented to the Information Technology College Faculty of Western Governors University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Information Security Assurance January 9, 2014 1 SECURING WI-FI ROGUE ACESS WITHIN AN ENTERPRISE SETTING 2 A1 - Abstract Since 1999 wireless devices have become a necessity in enterprises. While increasing convenience, connectivity, and productivity, they also pose an unprecedented threat to network security guarding, which has literally taken to the airwaves. This paper will deal with vulnerabilities and risks regarding access points (APs) in a wireless network (WLAN) connecting to a wired local area network (LAN) in enterprises. Data for this paper will come from published academic papers, industry publications including white papers and surveys, and industry specialists. It will also include definitions of terms, policy and procedures that affect access points, and current practices regarding rogue APs. A case study will be presented for a fictional enterprise with multiple locations that has standard procedures, policies, and protocols in place, but recent events have questioned their ability to control access points with the discovery of rogue devices hidden in several office locations. Industry warnings about access points span the...
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...NT1210 Introduction to Networking Unit 1: Mid-Term Mid Term Review 1 Nibble, Byte, Word, Double Word Nibble, Byte, Word, Double Word Figure 1-2 2 Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte Size (2N Bytes) Term Size (Bytes) Kilobyte Megabyte Gigabyte Terabyte 1024 1,048,576 1,073,741,824 1,099,511,627,776 Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte 210 220 230 240 Rounded by Size (Bytes) 1,000 1,000,000 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000,000 Table 1-1 3 Random Access Memory (RAM) Physically exists as set of microchips installed on plastic card (memory module) Central Processing Unit (CPU) uses RAM like people g ( ) p p use notepad Stores binary value so can use it later Can read data from RAM to recall value stored earlier CPU sends electrical signal over bus (electrical pathway) to communicate with RAM 4 Random Access Memory (RAM) (cont.) RAM uses address for each unique memory location where byte can be stored To write to RAM: CPU sends signal to RAM over the bus g to write (store) value into byte of RAM Address in RAM Value to be written To read from RAM: CPU uses similar process (see example in Figure 1-3 on next slide) 5 CPU Reads Byte 4 from RAM The CPU uses the same bus to read the current value of a byte in RAM as it does to send a message to RAM. The read request lists the address of the particular byte, asking for its value. RAM returns the binary value stored at that address. CPU Reads Byte 4 from RAM 6 Figure 1-3 Writing Individual Bits in Byte 4 of RAM...
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...gadgets though provide us with the best of functionalities, the hassles of managing them cannot be denied. There is no single device that offers the best features of all the gadgets and hence a need of integrating them into one arises. With the already existing concept of internet of things, the need of the hour is to enable this technology to understand and analyse human habits and act accordingly. * The need of a common platform that interacts with all the devices and supports the interaction of all gadgets amongst themselves. E.g. here we wish to have a network pool registered with the Master Controller which enables connectivity and interaction of all the devices with each other. So a DSLR connected to a Smart TV through the master controller shall enable us to see the captured moments on the big screen. * The humanoid thinking of the Master Controller is what we intend to achieve in order to derive the maximum value of all the devices. The devices shall in this case act as per my thoughts. UNDERSTANDING THE APPROACH Here we see the Master Controller (MC) connected to all the devices through the Li-Fi ("light fidelity" technology, that can be a complement of RF communication or a replacement in contexts of data broadcasting. It is high speed and bidirectional which carries much more information and has been proposed as a solution to the RF-bandwidth limitations) and Bluetooth, the devices in turn are connected to this common pooled network established by the...
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...NETWORK | Technology | GSM / HSPA | | 2G bands | GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 | | 3G bands | HSDPA 850 / 900 / 1900 / 2100 | | Speed | HSPA 14.4/2 Mbps | | GPRS | Yes | | EDGE | Yes | LAUNCH | Announced | 2011, March | | Status | Available. Released 2011, March | BODY | Dimensions | 241.2 x 185.7 x 8.8 mm (9.50 x 7.31 x 0.35 in) | | Weight | 607 g (1.34 lb) | | SIM | Micro-SIM | DISPLAY | Type | LED-backlit IPS LCD, capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors | | Size | 9.7 inches (~65.1% screen-to-body ratio) | | Resolution | 768 x 1024 pixels (~132 ppi pixel density) | | Multitouch | Yes | | Protection | Scratch-resistant glass, oleophobic coating | PLATFORM | OS | iOS 4, upgradable to iOS 8.4 | | Chipset | Apple A5 | | CPU | Dual-core 1 GHz Cortex-A9 | | GPU | PowerVR SGX543MP2 | MEMORY | Card slot | No | | Internal | 16/32/64 GB, 512 MB RAM | CAMERA | Primary | 0.7 MP, 960 x 720 pixels | | Features | No | | Video | 720p@30fps, check quality | | Secondary | VGA | SOUND | Alert types | N/A | | Loudspeaker | Yes | | 3.5mm jack | Yes | COMMS | WLAN | Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n, dual-band | | Bluetooth | v2.1, A2DP, EDR | | GPS | Yes, with A-GPS | | Radio | No | | USB | v2.0 | FEATURES | Sensors | Accelerometer, gyro, compass | | Messaging | iMessage, Email, Push Email, IM | | Browser | HTML (Safari) | | Java | No | | | - iCloud cloud service - Maps - Audio/video player/editor ...
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...Executive Summary Telecoms market of China is full of opportunities and challenges in 2010. After 3G licenses are issued, where are three big telecom providers going? All kinds of small amounts of electricity and comprehensive popularization of 3G cards will agitate the spark of splendid market in China. This article will discuss the development especially three main carriers first. And then review the developing process of China inclining to technological development and marketing development. After that there will be a forecast for Chinese telecoms industry. Executive Summary 1 Introduction 1 China telecoms industry development and three main carriers 2 Market and Technological Growth 4 China telecoms industry and Market Performance forecast 5 References 6 Introduction “According to IDC's statistics, the shipments of mobile phone manufacturers is 317.5 million in the second quarter, with a growth of 14.5% comparing with the second quarter of 2009's 277.2 million units”(Boyce 2010). This represents the second consecutive quarter of digit growth for mobile phone devices, which represents continued rapid growth in the global market for mobile phone. In recent years China has actively communications of infrastructure plan in 2010. According to the fourth season investigation, China has replaced the United States as a most populous country of the world broadband subscribers. The number achieves 83 million households compared with 80 million subscribers in the...
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...brand. In 2006, LG recorded a brand growth of 14% World s World’s largest plasma panel manufacturer In 2006, its net income was $226 million, on total revenues of $24.7 billion COMPANY – ITS SUBSIDIARIES • LG Display, is one of the largest manufacturer of liquid crystal displays p y • In 2006, the company's mobile phone division, LG Mobile, marketed the LG Chocolate TM phone, changing the company's i ' image of th maker of thi k 3G phones. f the k f thick h • Focuses on the design and marketing of phones such as the LG Shine and LG Prada (KE850 ( • The company was picked as 'The Design Team of the Year' by the Red Dot Design Award in 2006~2007 • Called the 'New Apple' or 'New Sony' in the industry and online communities • S Sponsor E li h Premier League club -Fulham FC. English P i L l b F lh LG ELECTRONICS - ORIGIN Established in 1958 as GoldStar, producing radios, TVs, g , g , refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners. Merger of two Korean companies, Lucky and GoldStar, from which the abbreviation of LG was derived Before having the title LG – The p household products were sold under the brand name – Lucky, and the electronic products sold under the name Goldstar In 1995, GoldStar was renamed 1995 LG Electronics, and acquired Zenith Electronics of the United States. LG – ELECTRONICS – BUSINESS DIVISIONS Mobile communications Currently number five, LG Electronics is expected to become...
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...Visa Process: * Term > 90 days so long term Visa. Visa for European countries is for <90 days or >90 days. * Shenzhen Visa and have to apply in German Embassy. * People need to go to German Embassy nearest to place you are living in from past 6 months. For us it’s Mumbai. We have to apply online on the website for the appointment. * Visa fees is 60 euros and is waived off for the students going on a scholarship. Plus you to show a bank balance of 750 euros when you go for a visa. * You go to Mumbai for an interview and the application is forwarded to ‘vfsglobal’ which a he world’s largest outsourcing and technology services specialist for governments and diplomatic missions worldwide. Embassy informs you through mail and again you have to go to vfs office in Ahmedabad as per the approval by the embassy. * It is advisable to apply in the month of June so that you can get the appointment by the month of July as the dates fill up soon. Flight: * Cheapest is Aeroflot but it flies via Moscow so parents don’t allow their daughter to travel as the halt is in Russia * Transportation with in the Cologne: * University provides you with a card which allows you to travel free in all public transport. * All forms of transport like trams, buses, eurail. * Recommended to buy a EuRail pass which allows you to travel to all countries. Accommodation: * No hostels or accommodation provided by the Univ * So use Airbnb or Zhostel...
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