...Sir Gawain Versus Beowulf Strength can be described as the audacity to fight until the last breath. In the case of both Sir Gawain and Beowulf these were the ideals that these men followed. In the poems Sir Gawain and The Green Knight and Beowulf, the main characters, Sir Gawain and Beowulf, show the physical attribute of strength and valor. However, Sir Gawain and Beowulf are different in the form of strength and qualities. One represented a king who fought for the people and the other who showed loyalty towards the kingship. Beowulf was regarded as an ideal hero by the Anglo Saxon community. The main trait that regards him as the perfect hero was his courage and strength that he shows at the very end of his life. Beowulf shows his physicality throughout the story. "Beowulf, Higlac follower and the strongest of the Geats - greater and stronger than anyone anywhere in the world"(Beowulf 46). This quote exemplifies the fact that Beowulf is considered the best warrior in the region. He is also considered by many people to have superhuman abilities and superhuman strength when he ferociously rips the arm off of Grendel in the poem. Beowulf portrays the ideals of an epic hero as well as the elements of Germanic tribes which gave him super human strength and super human qualities. He is also " A man of great strength " (Helen web). This also reinstates the detail that shows the agile nature in Beowulf and also physical toughness of him as a whole. As a result, Beowulf is a sign...
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...differences in grade levels by field of study is associated with grade inflation. Achen and Courant (2009) argue, they find it difficult to explain persistence of these relative differences than persistence of modest grade inflation in general. The article was primarily focussed to understand these differences, by analysing the detailed data they had from College of Literature, Science, and the Arts (LSA) at the University of Michigan. Achen and Courant (2009) study was limited to Michigan’s College of Literature, Science, and the Arts (LSA) with 16000 students. LSA provides the basic science and math courses to students in the College of Engineering, which is the second-largest undergraduate College at Michigan. The data is from 25 departments from Fall 1992 through Winter 2008. Main claims and evidence or arguments used in the article Achen and Courant (2009) point out the data showed continuing grade inflation throughout the period 1992–2008. Measured absolutely on the standard four-point scale, average rates of grade inflation at the University of Michigan over the period for which they had data was 0.011 for lower-division (freshman/sophomore-level) courses and 0.009 for junior/senior courses. This evidence was used by authors to...
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...activities in the United Nations, of example, involves and to mention few - the acquisition planning; the drafting; the reviewing and approving Specifications. Seeking to measure and improve procurement practices in non-governmental organizations in comparative perspective, this research proposal aims to explore the successes and failures of the procurement practices by the United Nations procurement division. The research will attempt to explore both challenges and the successes of their operations since they began more than 60 years ago. I intend to provide a thorough yet concise overview of sustainable procurement practices and the project be structured in the following manner. I will Begin with a thorough analysis of the background for United Nations procurement practices and activities. Thereafter, the discussion about reasons for undertaking the study, this will be followed by a section on research aims, the research finding will be discussed and a concluding statements with a suggestion for further research on this topic will be presented. General purpose of the study and main research questions George & Lacey, (2000) study mentioned that, within the last several years there has been a concerted effort from a number of sources to control the pervasive and persistent problem of corruption among the...
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... the student has to write a research report and submit it for evaluation. The GRP involves conceptualizing, planning, implementing, and writing up a report, which extends knowledge in the subject area under investigation. This assignment thus aims to develop knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary for conduct of individual research at a level which will make a distinct contribution to knowledge. A student is expected to demonstrate the use of appropriate research, methodology, and written skills through the preparation and presentation of a substantial investigation. Activities Involved in a GRP The following activities are involved in a GRP: * Selecting a relevant topic or issue for study. * Locating the relevant literature. * Locating the sources of information. * Extracting the relevant information from these sources. * Identifying the various dimensions of the problem or issue. * Organizing and analyzing the data effectively. * Drawing inferences and conclusions. * Writing a report. Study Requirements The GRP shall comply with following requirements: * The proposed field of study or topic of research must be approved by the instructor. * The work must relate to the topic approved by the instructor. * The work must...
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...Inter-firm coordination as an information problem. The case of a divisionalized company Antonio Leotta Assistant Professor of Accounting University of Catania (Italy) Department: Impresa, Culture e Società Email: antonio.leotta@unict.it ABSTRACT The extant literature on inter-organizational control distinguishes the main control problems as coordination problems and appropriation concerns. The present study focuses on coordination problems and is intended to understand the process leading to the hybrid nature of inter-firm coordination modes and the role of information in this process. In a theoretical part, after discussing the main critical assumptions underlying coordination studies, an integrative framework is proposed to conceptualize the coordination process and describe the role of information in this process. In Particular, the framework assumes inter-firm settings as a-centered and a-static, whence the relevance of an interpretive approach where coordination is viewed as a process characterized by dialectic interactions between coordinating actors. The empirical part of the study is aimed at verifying the explanatory power of the framework studying a case of outsourcing relations in a divisionalized company operating in the semi-conductor industry. The case provided useful data giving new insights that enrich the framework. Keywords: coordination; information; system;: process; inter-organizational relations. Revised version July, 5 2011 1. Introduction...
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...The book Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut is a book on the experiences of World War Billy Pilgrim, the main character of this book happened to be among the military soldiers participating in this war. As a soldier, not adequately trained appears in various events that surrounds his life in Dresden. The of the book, Kurt Vonnegut organizes this events in an abnormal chronological way as he fragments the events in relation to time, characters, and the structure to combine his nonlinear story. From the book, Slaughterhouse-Five, the initial details that the readers get about Billy is that he pays unsystematic visits to every event during the war period (Bloom 11). The experiences that Billy goes through are episodes that do have chronological obligations. This reflects the structure of the book that has the beginning, body and the conclusions, not placed traditionally. The author of the book says that Billy has, “come unstuck in time.” From this phrase, the author turns the time from something intangible to something tangible and therefore uses this as a fix to his own purpose (Federhen 44). The use of the word “unstuck” by the author implies that Billy is free. Apparently, Billy and Vonnegut achieve a certain level of freedom. In other words, Vonnegut and Billy have no limitations with time and the author, Vonnegut can place the character, Billy in a period of his choice. This makes the book have an effect of collage that makes the pieces and bits of the life that Billy has...
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...The Rise and Spread of Islam •The Post Classical Period: Faith and Commerce - Spread of major world religions o Budhism o Christianity o Islam 1. Spread through preaching, trade routes - Development of Systematic o Boat trade 2. Indian Trade spread disease, religion, ideas - Three Big Ideas o Trans-regional communication and exchange networks o Forms of state organize. Diversify o All societies increased productive capacity • Pre-Islamic Arabia - Bedoin culture based on Kin/clan/tribal networks o Survival dependent on loyalty to clan o Magnified by harsh environment - Shayks- clan/tribal leaders o Conflict was frequent o Society was fragmented - Fierce inter clan rivalries and struggles for resources o Emphasis on revenge, “male honor” - Towns and long distance trade----Mecca and Medina o Medina (Yathrib) (established on oasis) o Mecca more important – Umayyad (ruling clan) – Quraysh; (Ka’ba) - Status of women varied by clan o More respect vs. less respect - Little art/architechture (no big civs) o Focus on poetry 1. Gives glimpse into daily life - Bedovin religions- blend of animism and polytheism o Animism- nature worship - The life of Myhammad and Genesis of Islam o Born around 570 CE – Merchant, married Khadijah ...
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...Yogendran Professor Frank Runcie Postcolonial Literature: Africa 09 March 2015 In Chinua Achebe’s Death Men’s Path, the main focus was to share a narrative, which emphasize the conflict between world-views and value systems. This story is about Michael Obi, a modern and ambitious young man who is appointed headmaster of the un-progressive Ndume Central School. Obi hopes to clean up the educational mission field and speed up its Christianizing mission. Chinua Achebe’s The Education of a British-Protected Child and Colonialist Criticism leads the readers to thoroughly understand Dead Men's Path. In Colonist Criticism, the author criticizes the enduring colonialism in the criticism of African literature by non-Africans. The writer states, "If the text is judged from European perspective a text doesn't get right evaluation and the essence of the text is killed" which shows Achebe’s disagreement on the European colonial injustice, a habit of ruling and discriminating other and comparing African people their literature, art and culture. He argues that African literature should not be judged with the official literature since it has its own particularity. The mask of European civilization does not know the history of African people. So Achebe's claim is that colonized people should write their own history disregarding what has been already universalized. According to Achebe, there are two problems with Universalism; first every literature must speak of their own place and culture....
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...Survey on Impact of Television Advertisements on Youth Buying Behaviour Submitted by: M.A.P.Arun kumar (10AD05) D.Mohan (10AD26) K.M.Saravana Prabu (10AD27) M.Prabu (10AD39) M.Guruprasath (10AD44) Introduction: Rapid technological development and the immersion of technology into the lives of today’s consumers have created a digital divide between generations. Most students entering our colleges and universities today are younger than the microcomputer, are more comfortable working on a keyboard than writing in a spiral notebook, and are happier reading from a computer screen than from paper in hand. It is important to note that these technologies such as cable television, the Internet, laptop computers, and mobile devices were not always readily available for previous generations. Due to these technological advancements being ever-present in our lives one may assume differences exist between those whom have grown up immersed in the technologies and those whom have not been born into this technological immersion. Today’s average college graduates have spent less than 5,000 hours of their lives reading, over 10,000 hours playing video games, and an incredible 20,000 hours viewing television within the first 20 years of their lives. These readily available technological advancements from a young age create different experiences, which lead to different brain structures than previous generations that did not have these technological advancements. Different groups of consumers...
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...CASE 9-1: NEW YORK TIMES 1. Describe NYTD’s evolution to date. What is strategy of NYTD? Are the organization and control consistent with the strategy? Evolution: New York Times first ventured into the Internet in 1995. Back then, the company was called the New York Times Electronic Media Company. In 1999, a new operating division, Times Company Digital, was created, which reported directly to corporate management. The new division included NYTimes.com, Boston.com, NYToday.com, GolfDigest.com, WineToday.com, and Abuzz. The new division had a decentralized structure and different organizational structures but still with similar roles as a common newspaper. The different websites were combined in the new organization to be able to learn from each other. A lot of effort was then put into creating a culture of team-work and openness, and the NYTD moved into a new building. This separated unit, first organizationally and then physically, led to tensions between the original Company and the new division. The new culture and employees hired from outside the Company created a very competitive internal environment. In 2001 the company owned several broadcast media properties, and the New York Times brand was believed to be the company’s most valuable asset, built through years of topnotch reporting and analysis, plus marketing and promotion. By September of 2001, NYTD had developed and was operating two websites: NYTimes.com and Boston.com. The websites included Internet access to the...
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...Marxist literary criticism has, as the name indicates, its basis in the theories of Karl Marx and his associates. The main idea of Marxism is that “instead of making abstract affirmations about a whole group of problems such as man, knowledge, matter, and nature, he examines each problem in its dynamic relation to the others and, above all, tries to relate them to historical, social, political, and economic realities” (BO). Marx argued that the real foundation of society was the economic structure, that political and legal superstructures rose from this base, and that “[i]t is not the consciousness of men which determines their existence; it is on the contrary their social existence which determines their consciousness” (BO). The most fundamental argument of Marxist literary and cultural theories is that they do not see art as something that is separate from society – art is, as Eagleton says, “part of the ‘superstructure’ of society” (5) – and the central concern of Marxist literary criticism is the relationship between the economy and the literature. Marxist critics argue that art is social because it is produced and received in concrete contexts, and because the creator is someone with a class, gender and racial identity – the author is, unavoidably, “part of her own context” (Haslett 8). Art, in Marxist readings, “is interpreted as a material practice, perhaps because it relies on ‘technology’… is concretely realised in situations which themselves are material… ...
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...Institute of Technology in cooperation with a multi-project organization. The main purpose of this thesis was to seek understanding of what factors that affects the effectiveness in the project activities in a multi-project organization. The work is based on a case study at a multi-project organization. Background The things that characterize a multi-project organization are that several projects are always carried out simultaneously, the projects integrate with each other and they affect the environment around them. To get a deeper understanding of how the project staff in a multi-project organization are working and what affects the effectiveness when the projects are executed, I contacted a multi-project organization. The company in this study has two functional divisions called market and production. At the company the project managers are, together with project members from these two divisions, executing projects that are based on commissions from external clients. The employees only work with tasks that somehow are related to the project activities. The company continuously undertakes new projects and the work environment is very project intensive, which means that both the project managers and the project members often are involved in several projects simultaneously. The company therefore can be described as multi-project organization with a matrix structure. Purpose and scope The main purpose of this thesis was to seek understanding of what factors that affects...
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...TOBAGO POLICE SERVICE (TTPS) VERSUS THE TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCIES (PSA) WORKING TOGETHER TOWARDS CRIME PREVENTION, IN THE MARABELLA POLICE DIVISION. A Research Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Criminal Justice of College of Science, Technology & Applied Arts of Trinidad & Tobago Troy Donawa 2015 Department of Criminal Justice & Legal Studies School of Liberal Arts and Human Services. Abstract The employment of private security officers has increased considerably internationally and especially throughout developing countries of the world. Trinidad and Tobago are no exceptions. While the private security sector has increased, concerns are raised on how the public police see these new agents of private policing and their role and ability towards crime prevention. This research will examine the views of officers of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) and Private Security Agencies (PSA) working together towards crime prevention. The study will examine the legislation, responsibilities, attitudes towards each other and whether cooperation exist between both sectors. The research conducted in the Marabella Police Division and there were ninety-one (91) participants. The discussion examined the literature review, Routine Activity Theory and the findings of the participants. The findings suggest that there is a need for improved legislation. For both sectors...
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...GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF PROJECT REPORT 1. ARRANGEMENT OF CONTENTS: The sequence in which the project report material should be arranged and bound should be as follows: 1. Title Page 2. Declaration / Supervisor Certificate 3. Acknowledgement 4. Table of Contents 5. List of Tables 6. List of Figures 7. List of Symbols, Abbreviations and Nomenclature 8. Abstract 9. Chapters 10. Appendices 11. References The table and figures shall be introduced in the appropriate places. 2. PAGE DIMENSION AND BINDING SPECIFICATIONS: The dimension of the project report should be in A4 size. The project report should be bound using flexible cover of the thick white art paper. The cover should be printed in black letters and the text for printing should be identical. 3. PREPARATION FORMAT: 3.1 Cover Page & Title Page – A specimen copy of the Cover page & Title page of the project report are given in Appendix 1. 3.2 Declaration / Supervisor Certificate – A specimen copy of the Cover page & Title page of the project report are given in Appendix 2. 3.3 Acknowledgement: 3.4 Abstract – Abstract should be one page synopsis of the project report typed double line spacing, Font Style Times New Roman and Font Size 12. 3.5 Table of Contents – The table of contents should list all material following...
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...SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 9 BUDGET PREPARATION Nature of Budget Budgets are an important tool for effective short-term planning and control in organization. An Operating Budget usually covers one year and states the revenue and expenses planned for that year. It has certain characteristics like: * A budget estimates the profit potential of the business unit. * It is stated in monetary terms, although the monetary amounts may be backed by the non-monetary items like units produce and sold. * It generally covers a period of one year except the seasonal businesses. * It is a management commitment that managers agree to accept responsibility for attaining the budgeted objectives. * The budget proposal is reviewed and approved by an authority higher than the person preparing the budgets. * Once approved the budgets can be changed only under specified conditions. * Periodically, actual financial performance is compared to budget, and variances are analyzed and explained. * The budget is different from strategic planning and forecasting. Uses of Budget Preparation of an operating budget has four principal purposes. 1. Fine Tuning the Strategic Plan: * The strategic plan of the last year can help the managers in preparation of the budgets. * And budget preparation also provides an opportunity to make decisions that will improve performance before a commitment is made. 2. Coordination: * Every responsibility center manager participates...
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