...established an effective ethics program has been successful in establishing an ethical culture. With this employees are often times going to have more ethical conduct. When establishing an effective ethics programs these are the key factors that need to be included: establish why is a program needed, code of conduct, ethics officers, appropriate delegation of authority, effective ethics training programs, system for monitoring, supporting ethical compliance and continuous efforts to improve ethics program. Included in these factors the program must also consist of research, best practices, include decision making process, Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organization (FSGO) and the Sarbanes Oxley act (Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell, 2008). Establish why a Program is Needed When employees are faced with a difficult decision within their company they often times know how to handle it or know who can help resolve the problem. People are faced with ethical dilemmas each day at work. Being able to trust that your employees have the ability to make ethical decisions can help improve the company’s overall behavior. Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell (2008) suggest that “one reason why ethics programs are required in one form or another is to help sensitize employees to the potential legal and ethical issues within their work environment”(p. 209). In the efforts to establish an effective ethics program one must aware factors that influence the ethical decision making process. ...
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...J Bus Ethics (2011) 104:311–323 DOI 10.1007/s10551-011-0910-1 A Model for Ethical Decision Making in Business: Reasoning, Intuition, and Rational Moral Principles Jaana Woiceshyn Received: 11 February 2011 / Accepted: 16 May 2011 / Published online: 28 May 2011 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract How do business leaders make ethical decisions? Given the significant and wide-spread impact of business people’s decisions on multiple constituents (e.g., customers, employees, shareholders, competitors, and suppliers), how they make decisions matters. Unethical decisions harm the decision makers themselves as well as others, whereas ethical decisions have the opposite effect. Based on data from a study on strategic decision making by 16 effective chief executive officers (and three not-soeffective ones as contrast), I propose a model for ethical decision making in business in which reasoning (conscious processing) and intuition (subconscious processing) interact through forming, recalling, and applying moral principles necessary for long-term success in business. Following the CEOs in the study, I employ a relatively new theory, rational egoism, as the substantive content of the model and argue it to be consistent with the requirements of longterm business success. Besides explaining the processes of forming and applying principles (integration by essentials and spiraling), I briefly describe rational egoism and illustrate the model with a contemporary moral...
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...Running Header: ETHICAL LEADERSHIP 1 Ethical Leadership Kendra D. Nord PHL 3354- Management Ethics The College of St. Scholastica May 6th, 2016 ETHICAL LEADERSHIP 2 Introduction Our society depends on the abilities of our leaders and how well they can do their jobs. To me, a leader is someone that many people look to for direction, guidance, and inspiration. It is important for our leaders to have the aptitude to make difficult decisions, to know and do what is right for the people. A higher authority is crucial for supervising and regulating others as well as being an example of a hard and dedicated worker. Ciulla (2004) believes ethics is the heart of leadership and a good leader is ethical and effective. In this paper I analyze the importance of personal ethics in leadership and how ethics produce effective leaders. The traits’ I believe an effective leader has is; character, competence, compassion, courage, and to be open to change. Throughout this paper the reader will develop an understanding of what is personally required to become an ethical and effective leader. Ethical Leader Traits Leadership is a relationship between people. Therefore, the ability to ethically influence others is a major determination of effective leadership (Waggoner, 2010). Strong Personal Character is possibly the most important characteristic of a leader. A person’s true character is who they...
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...essay will examine and analyze whether hiring ethical people is the key factor in encouraging and producing an ethical organization. Ethics refer to the moral standards set that enables an individual to tell what is right from wrong and what is good and bad. In today’s organizations, the importance of the code of ethics is more prevalent than ever. Code of ethics consists of various factors such as being honest, building trust, and upholding the ethical standards. Organizations that exercise ethical codes not only feel that it is a way to portray a positive image to the stakeholders, but also because it highlights its own organizational virtues and values. It is believed that such culture could cultivate and encourage more ethical behavior for the employees in the organization (Stevens, 2008).Code of ethics are also used to articulate the restrictions for the organization, and to set a benchmark of what is acceptable and unacceptable, boosting responsibility, and conveying the standard expectations demanded from the employees as well as the leaders in the organization (Stevens, 2008).The ethical codes can be described as an effective tool to promote ethical behavior in the organization(Stevens, 2008).However, researchers have came up with reports that hints that the practice of ethical codes are unproductive and they have failed to create an impact in an employee’s behavior(Stevens, 2008). One of the studies suggested that ethical codes are not suitable and were ineffective especially...
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...organisation’s ethics determines its reputation. In today’s competitive market, in view of globalisation and technological advances, it is especially essential for organisations to practice ethical business behaviour to build a strong public image to garner the support of consumers and employees. Although practicing good business ethics has many benefits, it remains as a constant challenge for organisations, as the potential for unethical behaviour is illimitable. In recent years, the cases of corporate misconduct in Singapore have been on the rise. In June 2011, Deputy Prime Minister Teo Chee Hean announced that commercial crimes, including fraud and cheating, rose by 13% as compared to 2010 (Othman, 2012). As most organisations have established codes of ethics to guide their employees regarding their ethical responsibilities, the imperative issue here is how effective is the code of ethics in regard to instilling ethical behaviour. In this essay, we will firstly look at the definition of ethical behaviour and an overview of the ethics program. Next, the effectiveness of the code of ethics and the criteria for it to be effective will be addressed. Lastly, a conclusion will be made to determine if the code of ethics is the most effective method for instilling ethical behaviour. Ethical Behaviour in Organisations Ethics as according to Wood, et al. (2006) can be defined as a behavioural code that explains what is good and right, as opposed to bad and wrong at any...
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...first began sending messages through cyberspace, few anticipated that the digital footprint we were creating would follow us for a lifetime. Posts on Facebook that people make in junior high and high school impact hiring decisions when they are 30. Consider the following questions. Question 1: Which of the perspectives of the four members of the G-BioSport Ethics Committee did you find most persuasive as you consider how you will manage your own digital footprint? Which was lease persuasive? Why? - I found that Mark Tatum was the most persuasive. He values truthfulness and honesty and values the right of each individual to think about how they will follow their conscience and I think if everyone in the community valued the same, it would make the community a better place. In my opinion the least persuasive was Alex Smith. He states that he wants to make sure that the choices we make as a community should be good for everyone but I think as individuals, we all have our opinions on what we would all consider as “good.” Question 2: Did the perspective you found persuasive mirror your result from the Ethical Lens Inventory? Where did you see similarities and differences? - I believe the perspective I found most persuasive mirrors my result from the Ethical Lens Inventory. We both shared the same Rights/Responsibilities Lens. We both value truthfulness and honesty. From the e-mail, I don’t think there are any differences because I felt that if I were in the position to write...
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...Assessment I scored the highest in the areas of obligations and equity. Obligation it is a requirement to a course of action whether it is legal or moral. However, my ethical decisions are based on individual duty and obligations to do what is morally right, which represents the action of what rational people morally do. Equity is the relations and perceptions of fairness in distributions of resources within social and professional situations. The equity concept of fairness in economics is particularly taxation or welfare economics. Ethics is the standards of behavior that tell you how people should act in situations. “Ethics refers to well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society fairness, or specific virtues” (Velasquez, Andre, Shanks, S.J., Meyer, 2010). Ethics is a vital tool in the business world today when decisions must be made. “All decisions must take into account and reflect a concern for the interest and well being of the stakeholders” (Smith, 2000). Ethical decisions making is not always easy, because it seems easier to do wrong as opposed to doing what’s right. When ethical issues are a hand you should determine whether the decision involved is good or bad. Therefore the person assigned to making choices for the organization should be strong minded and spiritually mature. However this person should be trustworthy, dependable...
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...organizational design comes from understanding how and/or why ethics is important to organizational design. This will illustrate any underlying influences ethics has on business structure and design. The third section of this paper reviews and groups the literature found linking ethics and organizational design. Literature is grouped together based on the similarities found in authors’ opinions, research and/or results. The next section discusses the ideas of micro and macro ethics; first defining them, illustrating the differences and then explaining how they come into play when examining the link between ethics and design. The following sections of the review, provides examples of formal organizational structures, ethical programs, and the ethical decisions that impacted them. Finally, in the conclusion of the review it summarizes the relationship between business ethics and organizational design, how this relationship impacts business, and what this means for business managers. Introduction To sustain in a global economy, organizations must strategically decide how to divide work and activities and coordinate these activities so that related functions are controlled and organizational goals are met. To do this, the organization must consider multiple factors, including; it external environment, along with the internal systems and processes used to convert it available resources into...
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...Awareness Inventory Scoring Summary I learned my ethical profile is most closely aligned with obligation and least closely aligned with equity. I interpret the obligation part of my ethical profile as my decisions are based on obligation, responsibility, and devotion. I make moral decisions based on my upbringing and my personal and professional experiences. Growing up I was taught to respect, to have dignity, to want the best for every person, and to treat others equally. I feel an obligation to treat everyone equally. I believe every person should be free to make his or her own decisions. I interpret the lack of the equity part of my ethical profile as sometimes having difficulty making fair and impartial decisions. I will sometimes make ethical decisions based on experience, knowledge, and current circumstances versus what is right or wrong. I can admit I have an inclination to change my beliefs based on experience, knowledge, and current circumstances. Personal Development My educational and professional experiences have affected my ethical thinking, decision-making, and how I react to conflict in situations where people have different interpretations of ethical behavior. My educational experiences have thought me to behave with integrity, show excellent character, take responsibility seriously, and to follow through. These characteristics have given me a solid ethical base improving my ability to think ethically and make decisions even when the circumstances are difficult while...
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...organizational behavior can give managers an idea of what factors are necessary to create an effective and successful organization. Organizational behavior is a non-performance related set of practices which when implemented in organizations lend good credibility to the organization for its ethics.(Campbell) Ethics involves moral issues and choices and deal with right and wrong behavior.(Luthans) Businesses need people who have strong moral leadership skills and who are guided by clearly defined business ethics. Ethical standards have an important role not only in business decisions but also in a person’s everyday life. If a person is making unethical decisions others tend to not want to follow that person and the level of respect and trust are diminished, which can lead to a shift in employee organizational behavior. Even though there is not a published set of ethics to follow the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) has a code of ethical principles that include honesty, fairness, objectivity, and responsibility. The following responsibilities are standards in which all members should comply: Competence, Confidentiality, Integrity, Objectivity, and Resolution of Ethical Conflict. An effective leader should maintain a high level of confidence, integrity, and credibility by upholding his/her ethical responsibilities to the shareholders, customers, employees, and society. In order to be an effective leader one must foster positive relationships at all levels. One can achieve this...
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...the people of whom he/she would like to work with, a specific type of educational background, or a certain income bracket of a person can lead to discrimination and prejudices against employees within that company. Personal differences of one’s culture, race, or even their appearance or characteristics should not come into play when working at a company. Diversity of an organization is vitally important and if someone is bias to a person’s personal difference, then someone can be treated unfairly or overlooked when that said person may have valuable input and resources that could help a department or company. In the 2005 National Business Ethics Survey conducted by the Ethics Resource Center, they would that ethical culture has more impact on achieving an effective ethics and compliance program than program inputs and activities. Furthermore, the survey found that employees who perceive their managers, upper-level supervisors, and co-workers displaying Ethics Related Actions...
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...organizational design comes from understanding how and/or why ethics is important to organizational design. This will illustrate any underlying influences ethics has on business structure and design. The third section of this paper reviews and groups the literature found linking ethics and organizational design. Literature is grouped together based on the similarities found in authors’ opinions, research and/or results. The next section discusses the ideas of micro and macro ethics; first defining them, illustrating the differences and then explaining how they come into play when examining the link between ethics and design. The following sections of the review, provides examples of formal organizational structures, ethical programs, and the ethical decisions that impacted them. Finally, in the conclusion of the review it summarizes the relationship between business ethics and organizational design, how this relationship impacts business, and what this means for business managers. Introduction To sustain in a global economy, organizations must strategically decide how to divide work and activities and coordinate these activities so that related functions are controlled and organizational goals are met. To do this, the organization must consider multiple factors, including; it external environment, along with the internal systems and processes used to convert it available resources into...
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...accountants will increasingly be asked to design systems to control, evaluate, interpret or apply ethical judgement. The following develops the basis for forming ethical judgements. The management accountant fulfils four broad roles concerning ethics: 1. to ensure that management has developed and installed a comprehensive and internally controlled code of ethics. 2. to verify that the code of ethics and its controls are comprehensive and that everyone in the organization understands and complies with it. 3. to report to management any deviation from the code of ethics and its control systems. The Board of Directors may ultimately have to address any failures in the code or its controls. 4. to act in accordance with the code of ethics in making personal decisions. What are Ethics and Morals? Ethics are the rules people use to define and regulate moral behaviour. Morals distinguish right from wrong. Descriptive ethics are codes of ethics as actually practiced. Descriptive ethics provide no value judgements. Normative ethics, or moral reasoning, develops statements about whether a practiced ethical system is good or bad and suggests how ethical dilemmas, which are conflicts between individual systems of ethics ought to be resolved. Metaethics questions the meaning and universality of ethical statements. There is wide agreement that there is no basis for making universal normative ethical statements. A popular, but not universal, view is that ethics are the principles that people...
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...Introduction Ethical decision-making refers to the process of evaluating and choosing among alternatives in a manner that are consistent with the principles of ethics and professional behavior (Blink, 2015). When making decisions, organizations often require commitment, consciousness, and competence. One interesting aspect of ethical decision-making is that they are not only morally “correct” but they are also effective. In other words, ethical decisions generate and maintain trust, demonstrate respect, responsibility, fairness, and caring, and are consistent with good citizenship. Ethics is effective in guiding the organizations objectives as they relate to the corporate strategy. The case study; is about the mercantile and ranching industry leader Babbitt Ranches for analyzes of the ethics within the family business as it relates to their corporate strategy. It was the challenge of President Bill Comdisco to lead the organization in new business opportunities that were inclusive of the companies long standing values. Mr. Cordasco recognized that the future of the organization was contingent upon meeting the needs of the multigenerational stakeholders. The article highlights several challenges that Babbitt Ranch experience in an attempt to align the organization's objectives with the organizational strategy through team decisions. Points of Agreement In 1988, the company was forced to debt finance stock buy from some of the third generation owners seeking liquation...
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...Practices and Ethics Two major necessities needed to manage a health care organization financially are outstanding ethical standards and reporting practices. Reporting financial data reports is important and information must be accurate and factual. Organizations obtain and maintain financial data to aid in the audits of the amounts, control, and potential uncertainties of cash flows. Keeping the financial data current is important because majority of the time the data contains information about the organization’s equity and economic resources. Developing and analyzing ethical standards carefully allows organizations to stay in compliance with those standards formed for the health care community. Poor ethics and financial planning sometimes effects consumers. According to Nelson (2011), “Basic ethics principles that make up our common morality, including respect for patients, acting in patients’ best interest, avoid bringing harm to patients and treating patients in a fair and equitable manner, serve as the foundation for healthcare values.” This paper will contain a summary of the four elements associated with financial management, generally accepted accounting principles, and general financial ethical standards. The reader will explore Examples from two articles “Ethical Decision making for healthcare Executives” and “Ethics: A foundation for quality” that reflect ethical standards of conduct, financial reporting practices, and the significance of each example. Four elements of...
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