...1. Introduction Steel is one of the most important industrial products of our life. It is used from power cables to safety pin. In tools, military weapons, making our homes and so and so on. Steel industry is considered backbone of industrial growth. Its sustained growth is vital given the cascading impact it has on the economic development in many sectors such as oil and gas, electrical and electronics, transport, shipbuilding, building and construction, fabrication, machinery and equipment as well as the national trade balance 2. Overview Malaysian steel industry contributes ~ 4% to the economy, employing ~150,000 people •There’s a ~ 22.4 MTA demand in ASEAN - 18.3 MTA for flat products. •A fully developed steel industry could contribute up to ~6.5% to the Malaysian economy by 2020. •Malaysia steel demand is the 4th largest in ASEAN (Thailand, Viet Nam, Indonesia) and growing at 6% for past 20 years. MITI presentation, SECOND NATIONAL MARINE INDUSTRIES FORUM 2012 (2NMIF) Production: Losses: The Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) initiated by the Malaysian Government has begun to show some positive results. As the ETP is rolled out in stages, the significant impact on steel demand will not be shown until after the full implementation of all these infrastructure and construction projects. However, the Economic Stimulus measures put in place by the Malaysian Government during the global financial crisis continued to stabilise the economy, helping businesses...
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...Using the Dunlop Theory as your based for explanation to discuss Malaysian Industrial Relation development to the current time. What is Industrial Relations? Industrial relations is a multidisciplinary field that studies the employment relationship. Industrial relations is increasingly being called employment relations or employee relations because of the importance of non-industrial employment relationships, this move is sometimes seen as further broadening of the human resource management as synonymous with employee relations. Industrial relations is used to devote the collective relationships between management and the workers. Traditionally, the term industrial relations is used to cover aspects of industrial life as trade unionism, collective bargaining, discipline and grievance handling, industrial disputes and interpretation of labor laws and rules and code of conduct. The History of Malaysian Industrial Relations Malaysian became incorporated into expanding European capitalism from the early sixteenth century. This inclusion evolved through mercantilism (1500-1850s) driven by Portuguese and the Dutch, colonialism driven by the British (a850s-1930s and 1945-1957) and the Japanese (1941-1945), post-colonial industrialisation (1960s) and ethnonationalist economic development (1971-present). A productive market economy was built during British colonialism with the establishment of capitalist plantation and mining export industries, based on immigrant Indian and...
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...International Review of Business Research Papers Vol.2. No.1 August 2006 pp.1-14 An Evaluation of SME Development in Malaysia Ali Salman Saleh∗ and Nelson Oly Ndubisi∗∗ Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in play a vital role in the Malaysian economy and are considered to be the backbone of industrial development in the country. However, few studies examined their development, challenges and future prospects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine and analyse the role of SMEs in different sectors as well as their major contribution to the economy. The paper goes further to review the existing literature as well as the empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges (domestically and globally) that face this sector. The key messages from the studies examined in this paper are that Malaysian SMEs still face many domestic and global challenges in achieving economies of scale and competing internationally. Among the challenges are the low level of technological capabilities and limited skilled human capital resources, a low level of technology and ICT penetration, low levels of research and development (R&D), a substantial orientation towards domestic markets, a high level of international competition (for example, from China and India), a high level of bureaucracy in government agencies, and internal sourcing of funds. These characteristics suggest that government programs and incentives are either insufficient or not delivered effectively...
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...International Review of Business Research Papers Vol.2. No.1 August 2006 pp.1-14 An Evaluation of SME Development in Malaysia Ali Salman Saleh∗ and Nelson Oly Ndubisi∗∗ Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in play a vital role in the Malaysian economy and are considered to be the backbone of industrial development in the country. However, few studies examined their development, challenges and future prospects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine and analyse the role of SMEs in different sectors as well as their major contribution to the economy. The paper goes further to review the existing literature as well as the empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges (domestically and globally) that face this sector. The key messages from the studies examined in this paper are that Malaysian SMEs still face many domestic and global challenges in achieving economies of scale and competing internationally. Among the challenges are the low level of technological capabilities and limited skilled human capital resources, a low level of technology and ICT penetration, low levels of research and development (R&D), a substantial orientation towards domestic markets, a high level of international competition (for example, from China and India), a high level of bureaucracy in government agencies, and internal sourcing of funds. These characteristics suggest that government programs and incentives are either insufficient or not delivered effectively...
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...the nature and consequences of employment of foreign workers in Malaysia. Introduction of significant changes in recruitment phenomenon has ended in painful and traumatic atmosphere which barely acceptable by local workforce in Malaysia. This conceptual paper can be derived from the field of industrial relations which play a significant role in employment of foreign workers. The article reports on the preliminary findings on employment status of local workforce and trade union rights affected by employment of foreign workers. In addition, the research makes a number of recommendations, including the need for further development on reducing the employment of foreign workers and more refined targeting of vulnerable foreign workers linked with labor legislations. Keywords: Malaysia, foreign workers, trade union rights, local workers and employability Introduction For over the past decade, Malaysia has over dependence on the foreign workers the number of foreign workers has increase gradually in Malaysia. According to the Economic Report 2010/2011 by the Finance Ministry, there were 1.8 million registered foreign workers in Malaysia, 38.2% were employed in the manufacturing sector, 16% in...
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...tip of mainland Asia. Besides being a leading exporter of commodities such as natural rubber, tin, palm oil, timber, petroleum, and natural gas, Malaysia is also one of the world’s leading exporters of electronic semicond uctors, roo m air-cond itioners, and a udiovisual e quipmen t. Prior to July 199 7, Asia was seen as a region exemplifying success in economic growth and development. Between 1991 to 1996, the Malaysian econom y grew at an ave rage rate of m ore than 8% . Howev er, Mala ysia could no t shield itself from being negatively impacted by the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis where the nation suffered a 7.5% c ontraction in its Gross D omestic P roduct (G DP) in 1 998. In 2000, M alaysia had a workforce (defined as persons between 15-64 years old) of slightly above 9 million. About 60% of the workforce were below 35 years of age. Union members accounted for about 8.15% of the labour force. Unemployment was reported at 3% of the labor force, and foreign workers accounted for one out of every seven jobs (Malaysia 1996-1998, 1996 ). This scenario shapes the Malaysian labour market condition. Until 1997, the salary and wage rate in the country had experienc ed a significant g rowth. Th is was a result of the rapid econom ic growth and near p erfect emp loyment. T his paper will discuss the...
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...the Sustainability of Malaysian Bumiputera (Indigenous) Technology-Based Firms Umar Haiyat Abdul Kohar School of Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia Email: umarhaiyat.abdulkohar@rmit.edu.au Associate Professor Adela McMurray School of Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia Email: adela.mcmurray@rmit.edu.au Dr. Konrad Peszynski School of Business Information Technology, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia Email: konrad.peszynski@rmit.edu.au 1 Foreign Investment and the Sustainability of Malaysian Bumiputera Technology-Based Firms ABSTRACT In the new global economy, the importance of inward foreign investment towards a country’s economic growth has become a central issue, especially amongst developing countries. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of literature addressing the implications of foreign investment towards the sustainability of business amongst Malaysian Bumiputera (Indigenous) new technology-based firms (NTBFs). Utilizing Weick’s (1989) conceptual theory building approach, this study provides a foundation for conceptualizing the implications of foreign investment in Malaysian Bumiputera new technology-based firms. Through systematic documentary analysis of the development of foreign investment activities in Malaysia prior to independence (1957) until 2009, our consolidated findings yield a conceptual model showing the implications of foreign investment to the sustainability of Malaysian Bumiputera NTBSFs, and...
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...The newly formed government of the Federation of Malaysia recognize the core role and the importance of agriculture in the nation’s economy. Agriculture has become the foundation of economics growth and are main contributor to Malaysia in mid 60’s . Before 1960s, policy of crop diversification due to narrow based economy. Rubber production face stiff competition from synthetic rubber. The rubber price went down and which was cheaper, had negatively affected the development of Malaysian rubber. The ready supply of this cheaper substitute led to the fall of rubber prices resulting in drastic reductions in incomes of those involved in rubber. Malaysia's foreign exchange and the general economy also suffered. The need to diversify the country's agricultural base was pressing and a crop diversification policy was inevitable to find better economic alternatives to rubber. RISDA in the meanwhile, sought to overcome the deficiencies of rubber smallholdings by organizing clusters to reap the benefits of economies of scale in rubber production. These programs invariably, improved the productivity of these commodities , its share declined to about 65 percent of total agricultural output (Lim, 1973). As a share of total national output, rubber fell from 38 percent to 15 percent. Although the successful diversification strategy consisted of a number of elements, the decision to increase the cultivation of oil palm in the 1960s was a very significant policy change...
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...International Review of Business Research Papers Vol.2. No.1 August 2006 pp.1-14 An Evaluation of SME Development in Malaysia Ali Salman Saleh∗ and Nelson Oly Ndubisi∗∗ Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in play a vital role in the Malaysian economy and are considered to be the backbone of industrial development in the country. However, few studies examined their development, challenges and future prospects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine and analyse the role of SMEs in different sectors as well as their major contribution to the economy. The paper goes further to review the existing literature as well as the empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges (domestically and globally) that face this sector. The key messages from the studies examined in this paper are that Malaysian SMEs still face many domestic and global challenges in achieving economies of scale and competing internationally. Among the challenges are the low level of technological capabilities and limited skilled human capital resources, a low level of technology and ICT penetration, low levels of research and development (R&D), a substantial orientation towards domestic markets, a high level of international competition (for example, from China and India), a high level of bureaucracy in government agencies, and internal sourcing of funds. These characteristics suggest that government programs and incentives are either insufficient or not delivered effectively enough to overcome...
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...was established in 1963. Lembaga Tabung Haji is the largest Islamic fund manager in Malaysia, with funds in excess of RM36 billion (Lembaga Tabung Haji, 2013). Lembaga Tabung Haji has 50 years of experience in terms of deposits, pilgrim services and operations, as well as investments. This many years of experience has strengthened its reputation in the country and proves that it is a very successful institution. Lembaga Tabung Haji has been striving for the economic empowerment of Muslims in Malaysia to leverage existing funds and resources. As a means to contribute towards the development of Malaysia’s economic sector, Lembaga Tabung Haji continues to strengthen its position in the market, both domestically and internationally. Lembaga Tabung Haji has successfully expanded its investment activities to include various economic sectors, such as, commercial, industrial, and plantation (Islamic Research and Training Institute Islamic Development...
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...the trade union movement, security of employment for employees, and the state’s position on measures to deal with sexual harassment. It will only examine these subsystems of the employment relations system as they apply in the private sector where the majority of employees work, this sector is considered the main driver of Malaysia’s economy. The Trade Union Movement The relationship between employers and employees in Malaysia is regulated by a number of laws which were introduced prior to independence (1957) and in the first decade immediately thereafter. The colonial economy prior to World War II (1939-45) was based on tin mining and rubber plantations. The need for labour in these two industries changed the human landscape of Malaysia (Malaya as it then was) for ever. The colonial government either allowed or actively encouraged the importation of labour from China and India, thus creating the multi-racial society which is Malaysia today. The wages of this growing group of employees were low and working conditions were mostly abysmal. Jomo and Todd explained the lack of governmental interference to improve the lot of workers by saying, ‘As a major employer 1 Maimunah Aminuddin (m_aminuddin@hotmail.com) taught industrial relations, employment law and human resource management for 34 years in Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Employment Relations 305 itself, the government had a vested interest in keeping labour costs low...
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...focus of this study is on the liberalization of the telecommunications industry, especially the mobile phone sector and the emerging network governance structure in the mobile phone sector. From being a monopoly of the government, telecommunications services are now being provided by a number of government linked privatized firms, private firms and a foreign firm with Malaysian partners. In the mobile phone market there are currently three firms that are competing for market share. However, there is a close connection between the firms because current government officers or retired government officers sit on the board of all four firms. An independent regulator, the Malaysian Communication and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) has been set up to facilitate and coordinate competition among the mobile phone firms and to ensure the efficient diffusion of accurate information. The elite connection between members of the board of the five firms and members of the MCMC, who are from the government and the private sector, also facilitates the flow of resources between the members of the network and the interconnection of services between the firms. The MCMC is also required to hold public hearings before making decisions and recommendations to the Minister and this allows for the participation of civil society groups in the policy making process. The private sector has also been empowered as it is free to set rates and negotiate interconnection charges. This article argues...
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...MALAYSIA The human resource development (HRD) can hardly be denied as one of the main reason to boost the development of any country. The objective of Vision 2020 of Malaysia which is to reach the standard of living of industrialized countries by the year 2020 have been clearly communicated and disseminated to all the organizations and its employees. The specific objective of the plan is to accelerate industrial restructuring, technological upgrading, human resource development and industrial linking. HRD being one of the development factor is given priority to support the implementation of a productivity-driven growth which required highly skilled, trainable and knowledgeable manpower. A greater emphasis is continuously given to increase accessibility to education at all levels in line with the democratization of the education policy. At the same time, the long-term objectives of generating a highly skilled labor force to meet the demand of the current economy remains in focus that HRD is a primary element in enhancing the nation’s competitiveness. Under the Tenth Malaysian Plan, one of the main emphasis for achieving productivity is to focus on skills development, especially in terms of upgrading the skills the existing work force to facilitate industries to move up the value chain. Skill development is also more concentrated towards specialization as one of the current ten big plans of the country is to thrive towards transforming into high-income country through specialization...
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...Madam Norazima Md. Malia, my respective lecturer, who has been sincere and helpful in making me understand more about Human Resources Department. I would also like to thank my classmates and associates who have helped me understand the questions properly. I have tried my very best to gather and complete this paper on time. They may be shortcoming, factual error, wrong opinions which are all mine and I alone am responsible for those but I will try to give a better volume in the future TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2 ABOUT MoHR 2 2.0 DEPARTMENTS AND DIVISIONS OF MoHR 2 2.1 Manpower Department 2 2.2 Labour Department (Peninsular Malaysia) 2 2.3 Industrial Court of Malaysia 2 2.4 Industrial Relations Department 2 2.5 TRADE UNION AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT 2 2.6 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH DEPARTMENT 2 2.7 NATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING COUNCIL 2 3.0 STATUTORY BODIES 2 3.1 SOCIAL SECURITY ORGANIZATION 2 3.2 HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT SDN BHD 2 4.0 ADVISORY COUNCIL 2 4.1 NATIONAL LABOUR ADVISORY COUNCIL 2 4.2 NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 2 4.3 NATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING COUNCIL 2 4.4 WAGES COUNCIL 2 5.0 CONCLUSION 2 REFERENCES 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION ABOUT MoHR The Ministry of Human Resources also known as MoHR is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia that was formed in 1957. MoHR is...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction......................................................................................................1 II. Education and awareness ................................................................................2 III.Effective management of .................................................................................3 natural resources and the environment IV. Integrated development planning ................................................................... and implementation V. Prevention and control of Pollution ................................................................. and environmental degradation VI.Proactive approach to regional .......................................................................... and global environmental issues VII. Conclusion ........................................................................................................ VIII. Reference ........................................................................................................ Introduction The rapid development of economy, high depleted, high pollution mode of economic growth,to make the country's environment problem increasingly prominent. However, many of the countries in the implementation of green strategy to make the country's economic sustainable development. this report through discussed to Green strategies based on environmental policy in Malaysia how can improve environmental...
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