Introduction to Management
Management - universal phenomenon. * Very popular/ widely used term and is a purpose activity * All organisations – business/political/cultural/social are involved in management * Management helps/directs various efforts towards a definite purpose. * Directs group efforts to pre-determined organisation goals * Process of working with/through others effectively/efficiently (limited resources, equipment, time and money) = completion of organisation goals * Goals – different for every organisations (Launching products or profit increase) * Creating internal environment – management uses various factors of production. * Management responsibilty=create conditions/atmosphere – feel less burdened and enjoy work * Availability – materials, wages, formulations of rules and regulations * Good management = effective (appropriate task) efficiency (doing task right)

* Harold Koontz, “Management is an art of getting things done through and with the people in formally organised groups. * Art of creating an environment where people can perform and individualscan co-operate towards attainment of group goals”. * F.W. Taylor, “Management is an art of knowing what to do, when to do and see that it is done in the best and cheapest way”.

Management as a Process * Series of inter - related functions. * Process which management creates/operates/directs purposive organisation through systematic/coordinated/co-operated human efforts

George R. Terry, “Management is a distinct process consisting of planning, organising, actuating and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish stated objective by the use of human beings and other resources”.

1. Management is a social process – * Human factor=important, management concerned with relationship development * Duty to