Free Essay

Maududi's Contribution

In:

Submitted By imeran303
Words 1593
Pages 7
Sheikh Maududi: Ulama’ tajdid dalam kenangan - Imran Mohd Rasid

SEPTEMBER 22, 2013
LATEST UPDATE: SEPTEMBER 22, 2013 10:52 PM

Hari ini, tanggal 22 September, telah selesailah sudah 34 tahun berlalu sejak perginya seorang tokoh Islam agung kelahiran India yang telah mencurahkan segenap titik peluhnya untuk membangunkan pemikiran Ummah. Beliau adalah Sheikh Abu A’la Maududi (1903-1979), anak kelahiran Hyderabad dan pengasas gerakan Jamaat-i-Islami pada tahun 1941. Sheikh Maududi bisa dikatakan sebagai antara pembawa obor tajdid pada era pasca kejatuhan sistem kekhilafan Islam Uthmaniya pada tahun 1924.

Sheikh Maududi mempunyai jalur pendidikan yang unik berbanding dengan kebanyakan ilmuan moden. Beliau bermula secara “home schooling” di bawah seliaan ayahnya dan menyambung pelajaran sehingga ke pusat pengajian Darool Ulum namun gagal menamatkannya kerana terganggu tumpuan selepas kematian ayah beliau. Sungguhpun begitu beliau menguasai dengan baik bahasa urdu,Arab dan Inggeris serta selok belok hukum agama dan politik India dan Barat.

Beliau yang bergiat aktif dalam bidang jurnalisme telah menghasilkan banyak buku dan tulisan yang bertemakan pemikiran Islam serta fungsinya dalam melancarkan jihad menentang kolonialisme British ketika itu yang telah bertapak seawal era 1800an.

Penulisan beliau berjaya merungkai pelbagai aspek kehidupan termasuklah soal ekonomi,masalah taqlid,masalah sosial,serta isu-isu penindasan wanita. Namun antara subjek yang paling penting yang Sheikh Maududi Berjaya sumbangkan pada dunia Islam ialah berkaitan dengan teori sistem politik: Theo-Democracy yang cuba mengadunkan konsep Kekuasaan Mutlak Tuhan dan demokrasi.

Sheikh Maududi berpendapat bahawa dalam keadaan kebangkitan semula kegemilangan islam pembentukan identiti Muslim adalah penting dan perlu didasarkan ke arah mendirikan agama di atas muka bumi. Berdasarkan ide ini,beliau berpandangan bahawa ksemua institusi sivil dan politik mesti tertakluk di bawah peraturan Islam seperti yang termaktub dalam Quran dan hadis.

Dalam bukunya The Islamic Law and Constitution yang didekasikan kepada delegasi penggubal perlembagaan pertama Pakistan (selesai 1956) beliau mengembangkan ide ini dengan menggariskan beberapa dasar agama yang patut dijadikan batu asas pembentukan sesebuah model sistem politik:

Sesungguhnya Kekuasaan Mutlak adalah milik Tuhan (Sovereignty of God) berdasarkan ayat Quran: (12:40), (3:154), (16:116), (5:44) dan (6:50). Maka beliau menyimpulkan bahawa tiada sesiapa,mahupun mana-mana kumpulan yang boleh mengambil alih kekuasaan ini .

Allah adalah penggubal undang-undang mutlak maka setiap individu ataupun mana-mana kumpulan tidak punya hak untuk mengubah atau menggubal mana-mana undang lain yang bercanggah dengan undang-undang Islam.

Maka negara Islam mestilah berfungsi untuk merealisasikan perkara di atas. Beliau menyandarkan hujah ide pada ayat Quran: (57:25) dan (22:41) Hanya kerajaan yang menjalankan tanggungjawab ini sahaja berhak mendapat ketaatan daripada kaum Muslimin.

Pada sekali imbas, kita seakan mendapat gambaran bahawa Sheikh Maududi seakan mengangkat model politik yang autoritarian kerana apabila kesemua undang-undang sudah termaktub,maka tiada guna demokrasi.

Namun beliau berhujah bahawa terdapat satu sudut yang boleh disadurkan elemen-elemen tertentu dalam sistem demokrasi ke dalam kerangka politik Islam berdasarkan konsep “Khalifah” yang diperkenalkan di dalam Quran. Berbeza dengan gerakan tradisionalis sezamannya beliau tidak melihat Khalifah sebagai model pemerintahan Kerajaan Uthmaniyah yang memusatkan kuasa pada satu figur tertentu. Maksud Khalifah mempunyai esensi yang demokratis kerana kekuasaan sesebuah Khalifah tertanggung oleh semua masyarakat Islam dan bukan monopoli sesiapa sahaja berdasarkan ayat Quran:

“Allah has promised those who have believed among you and done righteous deeds that He will surely grant them succession [to authority] upon the earth just as He granted it to those before them and that He will surely establish for them [therein] their religion which He has preferred for them and that He will surely substitute for them, after their fear, security, [for] they worship Me, not associating anything with Me. But whoever disbelieves after that – then those are the defiantly disobedient.” (24:55)

Melalui ayat ini,jelas bahawa kekuasaan ke atas muka bumi ini adalah diberikan kepada seluruh masyarakat Islam. Sheikh Maududi menyebut lagi:

“The Caliphate granted by God to the Faithful is the Popular vigerency and not a limited one. There is no reservation in favour of family, class or race. Every believer is a Caliph of God in his individual capacity”

Maka di dalam masyarakat dan suasana demokrasi,perkara ini direalisasikan dengan meletakkan kepentingan pandangan majoriti masyarakat Muslim yang diberi hak yang sama tanpa mengira darjat, keturunan, kaum dan kelas (non-Muslim tidak termasuk) dalam menentukan pentadbiran masyarakat mereka.

Namun seakan wujud suatu kontradiksi antara usul Kekuasaan Mutlak Tuhan dan prinsip demokrasi yang menjunjung Kekuasaan rakyat (Sovereignty of the people). Melihat pertembungan ini beliau gagaskan satu model demokrasi yang baru: Theo-Democracy, yang mengahwinkan elemen Kekuasaan Mutlak Tuhan yang biasanya terdapat dalam sebuah negara teokrasi dengan pendekatan demokratis.

Melalui model ini, beliau menyarankan segala persoalan yang tidak ada disebut dalam Shari’a akan diselesaikan mengikut kesepakatan majoriti masyarakat Muslim melalui pilihanraya dan parlimen. Maka dalam proposal cadangan beliau tentang pembentukan perlembagaan Pakistan,beliau menyarankan Quran dan Sunnah dimasukkan sebagai undang-undang tertinggi dan Bahagian Kehakiman, terdiri daripada ulama dan pakar hukum,merupakan pentafsir undang-undang yang berhak menolak sebarang cadangan daripada dewan Legislatif yang wakilnya dipilih secara pilihanraya.

Benar, beliau bukanlah yang pertama yang mengusulkan pandangan bahawa demokrasi tidak haram di sisi Islam. Kedapatan ulama’ sebelumnya seperti Sheikh Rifa’a Tahtawi, Khairuddin at Tunisi, Muhammad Abduh, Sheikh Abdul Rahman al Kawakibi, dan ramai lagi namun kebanyakan menanggapi demokrasi secara esensinya sahaja. Berbeza dengan Sheikh Maududi yang memperdalam perbahasan ini dengan menyusun model demokrasi tersendiri yang lebih tampak praktikal dan tersusun.

Malah, membaca setiap saranan perlembagaan beliau kita bisa mendapati akan sebuah konstruksi negara Islam yang moden: Pembahagian kuasa kepada Eksekutif, Legislatif dan Kehakiman, undang-undang pilihanraya pada sudut pandang Islam,proses perlaksanaan hukum-hukum serta institusi-institusi pentadbiran yang perlu diwujudkan, kesemuanya diterangkan dengan cara terperinci dan tersendiri di dalam bukunya bagi merealisasikan visi sebuah negara Islam, pada sudut pandang Sheikh Maududi.

Namun kedapatan juga beberapa pandangan beliau yang masih terikat dalam suasana tradisi pada zamannya. Misalnya soal kerakyatan masyarakat bukan Muslim dibezakan dengan masyarakat Muslim. Beliau juga menolak ide politik kepartian dan melarang diadakan praktis pencalonan diri sendiri dalam pilihan raya.

Malah pada aras teoretikal juga gagasan Theo-Democracy Sheikh Maududi ini bukanlah sepi tanpa kritikan,malah tidak ada pun yang diamalkan pada konteks kenegaraan hari ini. Namun keberanian beliau dan pendekatan kreatif dalam ijtihad ini menyediakan satu batu loncatan kepada pengkritik-pengkritik beliau untuk mengembangkan lagi ide ini dengan lebih luas.

Sheikh Rachid Ghannouchi misalnya dalam tulisan beliau Al Hurriyat al Ammah Fil Dawlah al Islamiyah (Public Liberties in an Islamic State) merungkaikan persoalan berkaitan dengan percanggahan Kekuasaan Mutlak Tuhan dan Kekuasaan Rakyat dengan satu perspektif yang berbeza. Di samping mengiktiraf bahawa Allah merupakan pemegang Kuasa yang Mutlak dan batu asas akidah beliau juga menegaskan bahawa Allah telah mengurniakan kepada manusia hak kebebasan sebagai hak yang paling asas .Disebut di dalam Quran dalam ayat: (2:256), (10:99) dan (88:22) bahawa manusia punya kebebasan untuk memilih tanpa sebarang paksaan agar beliau dapat menjalani kehidupan ini dengan pemanifestasian agama yang benar-benar tulen.

Kebebasan yang difahami oleh Ghanouchi juga berbeza dengan apa yang difahami filasuf Barat. Selain daripada dikotomi Kebebasan Negatif dan Positif yang diperkenalkan Isaah Berlin,beliau melihat manusia juga secara spiritual dilahirkan belum bebas dan perlu menggunakan segala ruang lingkup di dunia ini untuk menjadi manusia yang bebas, yakni tiada keterikatan kepada segala makhluk lain dan hanya taat kepada Allah. Maknanya semakin tinggi manusia mentauhidkan Allah dalam kehidupan seharian maka semakin bebas beliau dari pengaruh dunia dan harta. Maka dalam proses ini, mengikut Ghannouchi, penting manusia tidak dipaksakan kepada mereka peraturan-peraturan agama agar manusia itu bebas meneruskan perjalanan spiritualnya ke arah kebebasan hakiki.

Ghannouchi juga berpandangan bahawa manusia adalah makhluk yang istimewa kerana dikurniakan hak kemanusiaan (dignity of man) yang seiring dengan deklarasi universal hak-hak asasi Manusia (Universal Declaration of Human Rights). Maka baik Muslim atau bukan Muslim hak ini secara langsungnya menjadi milik semua manusia apabila beliau lahir. Seperti kata Saidina Umar kepada salah seorang Kristian koptik yang mengadu ditindas oleh pemimpin wilayahnya:

“Bagaimana seorang manusia itu diperhambakan sedangkan dia lahir dalam keadaan dia bebas?”

Selain itu sikap menghormati kepelbagaian politik (political Pluralism) juga merupakan aspirasi Islam yang asas yang turut diangkat dalam sistem demokrasi. Beliau yang membahagikan masyarakat kepada dua ruang lingkup utama: Ruang peribadi dan Ruang Umum, berpandangan pada peringkat Ruang Umum perlunya institusi yang “neutral” yang bertindak mengurus kepelbagaian pandangan yang muncul. Demokrasi tidak sewajarnya dilihat sebagai satu metodologi epistemologi, yakni bermakna tidak bermaksud bahawa setiap keputusan majoriti itu adalah benar seperti yang didakwa sebahagian pengkritik demokrasi. Sebaliknya pandangan kita kekal tidak berubah dan kekal berada di wilayah Ruang Peribadi. Namun pada Ruang Umum kita seharusnya menghormati keputusan dan kesepakatan yang dicapai selagi mana prosesnya telus,adil,terbuka dan mnghormati hak-hak asasi manusia.

Maka tidak timbul lagi soal percanggahan antara Kekuasaan Mutlak Tuhan ( Sovereignty of God) dan Kekuasaan rakyat ( Sovereignty of men) kerana di tengah-tengahnya terhubung dengan hak kebebasan dalam diri manusia yang dikurniakan sendiri oleh Tuhan. Malah Ghannouchi berpandangan bahawa demokrasi merupakan jalan yang paling dekat dengan aspirasi Islam dan menguntungkan agama dan masyarakat Islam seisinya.

Sungguhpun demikian sumbangan Sheikh Maududi teramatlah besar dalam membangunkan pemikiran ummah. Pada hari ini sahaja kita melihat semakin ramai kalangan ulama’ yang memanfaatkan teks dan tulisannya dalam mengembangkan lagi ide demokrasi. Tokoh seperti Sheikh Yusuf Qaradawi, Sheikh Taha Jabir Alwani, Sheikh Tahir al Qudri, Sheikh Imarah dan ramai lagi yang kini sudah mula mendukung dan mempopularkan ide demokrasi dalam kalangan masyarakat Muslim. Malahan pemikiran beliau sangat terkehadapan berbanding rakan-rakan sezamannya yang masih dibelengu dengan pergaduhan Fiqh yang lapuk dan tidak menguntungkan masyarakat.

Benarlah kata pepatah: Harimau mati meninggalkan belang,manusia mati meninggalkan nama, ulama’ pergi meninggalkan pemikirannya.

Sheikh Maududi,pembawa obor tajdid,api pemikirannya akan sentiasa bernyala.

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Acct 625 Week 4 Homework

...ACCT 625 Week 4 Homework Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/acct-625-week-4-homework/ Question 1. The following information relates to Hudson City for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2014. • On January 31, 2014, the city purchased as an investment for its debt service fund a fifteen-year, 6 percent,$1 million bond for $998,000. During the year it received $30,000ininterest.Atyear-endthefairvalueofthebond was $999,500. • On December 31, 2013, the Foundation for the Arts pledged to donate $1, up to a maximum of $1 million, for each $3 that the museum is able to collect from other private contributors. The funds are to finance construction of the city-owned art museum. During 2014, the city collected $600,000 and received the matching money from the Foundation. In January and February 2015 it collected an additional $2,400,000 and also received the matching money. • During the year the city imposed license fees on street vendors. All vendors were required to purchase the licenses by September 30, 2014. The licenses cover the one-year period from October 1, 2014, through September 30, 2015. During 2014 the city collected $240,000 in license fees. • The city sold a fire truck for $40,000 that it had acquired five years earlier for $250,000. At the time of sale the city had charged $225,000 in depreciation. • The city received a grant of $2 million to partially reimburse costs of training police officers. During the year the city incurred $1,500...

Words: 1049 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Ethical

...Correct Answers: | 1 | Total Incorrect Answers: | 4 | Your Mark (total correct percentage): 20% | | 1 | Once the Feltham's discharge their mortgage, what tax planning opportunity would be MOST APPROPRIATE during the years that immediately follow? | Incorrect | The correct answer: Mark maximizes contributions to a spousal RRSP for Sarah; Sarah maximizes contributions to her RRSP Your answer: Mark maximizes contributions to his TFSA only; Sarah maximizes contributions to her RRSP | 2 | Based on an analysis of Sarah and Mark's assets, from what tax advantages does the couple currently benefit? | Correct | The correct answer: deferral and avoidance only Your answer: deferral and avoidance only | 3 | If Mark exercises his 12,000 stock options at $39 and sells the underlying shares at the same time, what will his after-tax proceeds be? | Incorrect | The correct answer: $27,720 Your answer: $252,720 | 4 | In reviewing Sarah's method of remuneration from Cognitive Solutions, what statement is MOST APPROPRIATE? | Incorrect | The correct answer: Sarah should continue with her current form of remuneration as doing so creates RRSP contribution room for her. Your answer: Sarah should forego a salary and receive dividends from the company. She should also pay dividends to Mark and Gavin to take advantage of income splitting opportunities. | 5 | What tax planning strategies would be of LEAST BENEFIT to Sarah and/or Cognitive Solutions either now or...

Words: 287 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Entrepreneur Business Plans

...Individual Portion Your individual task will be to contribute a section of the product proposal and pro-forma statement for the new product idea. Make sure your portion is 2 pages. In addition to sending it to a designated person who will consolidate all of the contributions into a proposal, this paper will be submitted to your instructor. Individually, each student will create 3–4 slides (with 200–250 word speaker notes per slide) covering their portion of the proposal in slide presentation format to be pitched to investors.Make sure to provide APA citation and references for both portions of this assignment. Please add your file. Your assignment will be graded in accordance with the following criteria. Click here to view the grading rubric. Part 1: Group Proposal Using the Small Group Discussion Board, the group will come to a consensus on a single product idea and develop a proposal of 8–10 pages addressing this new product, the state of its industry, and details of its market. The group will also come to a consensus on the business model approach: intrapreneurial or entrepreneurial. Details about the character of the company, its contributors, of why this approach was chosen for this project should be included in the proposal. Provide information on the product selected, its market, and its industry. The proposal must also provide new information on the chosen product's main competitors, how their product is different the competition, and detail the demographics...

Words: 534 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Exchange vs Contributions - Nfp Accounting

...55-1  This Section, which is an integral part of the requirements of this Subtopic, provides general guidance to be used in distinguishing contributions from exchange transactions, including membership dues and agency transactions . >    Implementation Guidance 55-2  The accounting and reporting of grants, membership dues, and sponsorships is determined by the underlying substance of the transaction.Those terms are broadly used to refer not only to contributions but also to assets transferred in exchange transactions.A grant, sponsorship, or membership may be entirely a contribution, entirely an exchange, or a combination of the two; therefore, care must be taken in evaluating each grant, sponsorship, or membership agreement.In addition, those resource transfers may also have the characteristics of agency transactions. 55-2A  The implementation guidance is organized as follows: a. Distinguishing contributions from exchange transactions (see paragraphs 958-605-55-3 through 55-8 : ) b. Distinguishing the contribution portion of membership dues (see paragraphs 958-605-55-9 through 55-12 : ) c. Distinguishing contributions from agency transactions (see paragraph 958-605-55-13 : ). > >    Distinguishing Contributions from Exchange Transactions 55-3  Some transfers of assets that are exchange transactions may appear to be contributions if the services or other assets given in exchange are perceived to be a sacrifice of little value and the exchanges are compatible...

Words: 1142 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Case Study

...organized and planned out this week’s assignment well. | Communication with members and professor | 5 | Communication was open and clear. | Guidance provided to team members | 5 | Guidance was given and always responded back in a well timely matter. | Timely feedback and posting of final team product | 5 | Feedback was open and given. As well as tips and advice. | | B. If you are the Team Leader, comment in A. above and on the following: | What did you do in order to motivate your team’s contribution? | What would you try again? What would you never try again? | What did you do in order to motivate your team’s contribution? | | C. Write a short comment that describes your team members and team work during this week. Make reflective and substantial comments, indicating outstanding and non-participating member of your team. | Who were the team members? | | Who contributed the most, and how? | | Which were the two best contributions from the team members, and why? | | How did you do in teamwork this week? | | | D. General comments and recommendations for all team members and leader...

Words: 295 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Resume

...and industry culture. Map your contributions with what the company is looking for. Customise your résumé when required. Are they looking for a strong technical expert or someone with strong people skills? Talk to current employees and read up about the company. For each company you have worked with, every designation held and every academic institution attended, the executive wants to see three things:     a. What goes into the résumé must be relevant to the job you have applied for. Mention your contributions, projects undertaken and the extracurricular activities in school or college, for example, ‘Achieved 100% target all through.’     b. Describe the constraints and the complexity involved in the project or in your contribution (example: Achieved 100% target or raised sales by 10% despite the downturn during which client company cut purchases by 20% and in the presence of leading competitors).     c. The above details not only convey your potential to the interviewer, but also help focus interview questions on how you made it happen. Make the subheads speak for themselves so that the executive glancing rapidly through it does not miss them. Avoid monotonous subheads. Make your résumé speak the industry language with no spelling or grammar mistakes. Don’t use fancy fonts and boxes. The résumé must be clear and precise. Follow the industry pattern in design. Don’t use bold fonts too often. Start with the latest and biggest contribution within each profile.     [The...

Words: 377 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

The Happy Prince

...Paragraph 1: (100 words) change grammar later One of the best written works by Oscar Wilde, an Irish playwright, poet and author of many short stories as well as novels, is The Happy Prince published in 1988 as a series of children story. Although aimed for kids, the story addressed issue concerned in adult society which deems it to be worthy for discussion. This essay shall provide the background summary of the story, literary analysis regarding the symbol of statue of the happy prince, and thematic analysis relating to the contribution the price offered his people and a reflection of lesson learnt from the story. Paragraph 2: Summary (100 words) change grammar later In the story, when the happy prince was alive, he lived in a palace where sorrow was not allowed to enter. However, when he died, he saw all the misery of the city on a tall column as a statue. A swallow who came from afar stays with the statue of the happy prince and helped the poor with the ruby, the sapphires and the gold covering of the happy prince upon the happy prince’s request. At the end, the swallow died frost. The heart that was made of leaden of the happy prince also broke. Paragraph 3: 150 words. Change grammar later The statue of the Happy Prince in the story symbolized that outward beauty was nothing; it was just a show. The real beauty was the love and sacrifice. The Happy Prince had a lead heart, but this heart was full of sympathies for the poor and the needy. He sacrificed his eyes and...

Words: 620 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Rizal Sa Dapitan

...made a lot of contribution not only to the place but also to the people.In the first part of his exile, he lived in a commandant’s house but after winning the second prizein the Manila Lottery and also from his savings being a merchant and farmer, he bought a land in Talisay.In this place, he built three houses made of bamboo, wood and also nipa with different shapes. The firsthouse served as his home, the second house is for his students and lastly, the third house is for hischickens.Even though Rizal is in Dapitan, he continued to send a letter to Ferdinand Blumentritt thatdescribed his life in Dapitan. The letter says that Rizal is waking up early in the morning to feed hischickens and cook for their breakfast. After eating their breakfast, Rizal treats those patients who cometo his house and also those in towns. In the afternoon, after being a doctor in the morning, hetransformed into teacher to teach the young boys in their town. These young boys do not have anytuition fee, but there is one condition, they have to work, especially in the farm, together with Rizal. AndRizal ended the day in reading and writing.After 4 years, he left D apitan but Rizal’s presence remains there because he has a lot of contribution and also some projects that until now are running. One of his contributions is the goodwaterworks system he constructed in the province. As you can remember Rizal studied surveying whenhe was in Ateneo Municipal. Rizal also has a lot of contributions to the agricultural...

Words: 386 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Linear Programming

...Merton Trucks Case Note Abstract We discuss Merton Trucks [Dhe90a] as a case to introduce linear programming in the MBA program. This case adapted from Sherman Motor Company case, was used to introduce Linear Programming formulations as well as duality. Refer to the teaching note [Dhe90b]. Our approach differs from the approach suggested by Dhebar [Dhe90b]. First, our audience consists pre-dominantly of engineers with not too much work experience. As a result, handling math and algebra is relatively easy. Explaining the algebraic formulation, graphical approach and using the Excel solver do not consume that much time. Second, because this case is used during the first week of the MBA program, students are still unfamiliar with the case methodology and we spend significant time in understanding case facts. The circular logic used in allocating fixed costs based on the product mix that in turn is used in deciding the product mix takes some time to understand. Third, because of the participant background, they have difficulty in translating the model to the specific business situation and interpreting the trade-offs involved in various what-if analyses that are prompted by the case questions. We return to the case when we teach duality. After explaining duality, we analyze the case to show how some of the questions and what-if analyses can be simplified using duality. This note is based on our experiences with teaching three large batches of students in our MBA programs. 1 1 Without...

Words: 2007 - Pages: 9

Free Essay

Technology Terms

...B___________________ Date _____4/26/2015___________________ Course Number HCS/350 Introduction to Healthcare Communication Instructor: _________Tracey Andrews_______________ In the space below, list the names of each member of your learning ream, including yourself. Then use the following scale to rate how effectively each member of the team, including yourself, contributed to the project assigned in this course. Using the following scale, insert a number between one and five beside each name. 1-No Contribution 2-Slight Contribution 3-Moderate Contribution 4-Significant Contribution 5-Outstanding Contribution In considering the contributions made by each member of your team, here are some factors you might want to consider • Helped establish positive learning environment • Built on others’ comments in a positive way • Made contributions that helped the team accomplish its goals • Maintained an atmosphere in which each team member could contribute • Demonstrated tact and respect when communicating with others • Exhibited enthusiasm and interest in topic • Used proper grammar, spelling and capitalization • Took an active and equal role in contributing to team assignments • Actively participated in all learning team meetings/discussions • Submitted thorough and high quality work • Submitted team deliverables on time as agreed upon |Name ...

Words: 377 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Milestone Problem Analysis Solution

...MILESTONE 2 - PROBLEM ANALYSIS SOLUTION __________________________________________________ Activity 1 – Problems, Opportunities, Objectives, and Constraints Matrix |Project: Employee Benefits System |Project Manager: (instructor name) | |Created by: (student name) |Last Updated by: (student name) | | | | |Date Created: (date) |Date Last Updated: (date) | |CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS |SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT OBJECTIVES | | | | |Problem or Opportunity |Causes and Effects |System Objective ...

Words: 673 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Cost Volume Analysis

...Lecture 5: Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis In this module, we are going to discuss a simple concept yet a powerful financial planning and decision-making tool for managers. This concept is called CVP analysis or cost volume profit relationship. Profits are the difference between revenues and costs. Both revenue and cost depend on the volume of operations. So, in the short run whether you make a profit or a loss depends upon the volume of sales you make. What is the unknown for a manager when he or she tries to project profits for future? The managers know the costs and the selling price. So the only unknown is the volume of sales. The importance of CVP analysis flows from the fact that it emphasizes the inter-relationship between costs, volume of sales, and selling price, and therefore it represents a unified picture of all financial information in a simple framework. What effect on profit can American Airlines expect when it adds a new flight on the Dallas Chicago route? How many patient days of care must Dallas Children’s hospital provide in order to cover all of its operating costs? How will the profits for Texas Instruments change if it sells 10% more of its DLP chips? Each of the above questions concerns the effect on cost and revenues when an organization’s activity changes. CVP analysis summarizes the effects of changes in organization’s volume of activities on its costs, revenue and therefore profit. Although the word profit appears in CVP analysis, this...

Words: 2923 - Pages: 12

Premium Essay

Danshui Case Analysis

...Total Expected Cost per unit |Direct Materials: |Flash Memory | |$ 27.00 | | |Application Processor | |$ 10.75 | | |Chip for Phone Calls | |$ 14.05 | | |Gyroscope | |$ 2.60 | | |Other Chips | |$ 70.95 | |Supplies and Tools: | | |$ 62.54 | |Total Direct Materials Cost: | |$ 187.89 | |Direct Labor: |Assembly and Packing | |$ 13.11 | | |Shipping | |$ 1.06 | |Total Direct Labor Cost: | |$ 14.17 | |Manufacturing Overheard: |Factory Rent |400,000 / 200,000 ...

Words: 507 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Harrington Collection

...Case Analysis Of Harrington Collection Submitted by J. G. I. Factual Summary: 1. Harrington Collection, a large manufacturer and retailer of high-end women’s apparel faced declining sales and shifting consumer tastes, and the company needed to consider new strategies to compete in the women’s apparel industry. 2. Harrington Collection’s retail group operated 120 company stores: 70 stores sold a combination of Harrington Limited and Christina Cole merchandise, and 50 of the stores were dedicated solely to the Vigor division. 3. The U.S. women’s apparel industry market is mature; the average growth rate from 2005 to 2007 was 4.66 percent. 4. There are six categories of clothing in which companies compete: haute couture, designer, bridge, better, moderate, and budget. Each category targets customers with different needs and different price ranges, with haute couture and designer clothing ranging upwards from $10,000 and moderate to budget clothing as low as $50. 5. The primary channels by which retail sales occurred was specialty stores at 58.6 percent; department stores – 19 percent; discount and mass merchandise stores – 11.4 percent; warehouse clubs/supercenters – 8.1 percent, and other channels – 2.9 percent. 6. What is a unit? Since active wear is sold as separates, the ratio of hoodies to tee shirts to pants was not equal. One unit equals ½ hoodie + 1 ½ tee shirt + 1 pant. II. Case Problem: How should Harrington Collections put forth...

Words: 806 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Case 3–18 Analysis of Mixed Costs in a Pricing Decision

...estimate of overhead cost. The $13.98 overhead cost per labor-hour was determined by dividing total overhead expenses for the last 12 months by total labor-hours for the same period. Monthly data concerning overhead costs and labor-hours follow: | Chavez has received a request to bid on a 180-guest fund-raising cocktail party to be given next month by an important local charity. (The party would last the usual three hours.) She would like to win this contract because the guest list for this charity event includes many prominent individuals that she would like to land as future clients. Maria is confident that these potential customers would be favorably impressed by her company’s services at the charity event. Required: 1. Estimate the contribution to profit of a standard 180-guest cocktail party if Chavez charges her usual price of $31 per guest. (In other words, by how much would her overall profit increase?) Linear regression test...

Words: 502 - Pages: 3