...CHAPTER SIX: STRUCTURE The learning goal of this chapter is to teach students how to shape their messages and arguments into appropriate structures. Since the chapter is long and contains, in effect, three mini-cases -- on Great Lakes, RAs, and Narrative -- you may choose to teach the chapter in one class and the case in the next. One way to structure a class on this chapter is to emphasize the commonalities among logical, psychological, and narrative structures. Beginning, Middle, and End Both an argument (given, since, therefore) and a communication structure (introduction, body, conclusion) share the same features, that is, they have a beginning, a middle, and an end. We discuss these features in further detail in the Guides to Effective Writing and Speaking in Part Three. Here, we simply encourage the instructor to pull together some organizational principles. Some suggestions for focusing student discussion: When defining your content, marshalling your arguments, and developing your structure, try to meet the following criteria: Beginnings should: 1. Gain the audience's attention and focus it on your topic. 2. Explain why the topic is important, timely, or otherwise of interest. 3. Indicate the point of view you will take or suggest your conclusion. 4. Establish a relationship of mutual respect with your audience. Middles should: 1. Develop your main argument by identifying and addressing its component parts. 2. Address subtopics according...
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...Chapter 2: MANAGEMENT LEARNING PAST TO PRESENT CHAPTER 2 TAKEAWAY QUESTIONS 1. What can be learned from classical management thinking? 2. What are the insights come from the behavioral management approaches? 3. What are the foundations of modern management thinking? CHAPTER 2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completing this chapter, students should be able to: • State the underlying assumption of the classical management approaches. • List the principles of Taylor’s scientific management. • List three of Fayol’s “principles” for guiding managerial action. • List the key characteristics of bureaucracy and explain why Weber considered it an ideal form of organization. • Identify possible disadvantages of bureaucracy in today’s environment. • Explain Follett’s concept of organizations as communities. • Define the Hawthorne effect. • Explain how the Hawthorne findings influenced the development of management thought. • Explain how Maslow’s hierarchy of needs operates in the workplace. • Distinguish between Theory X and Theory Y assumptions, and explain why McGregor favored Theory Y. • Explain Argyris’s criticism that traditional organizational practices are inconsistent with mature adult personalities. • Define system, subsystem, and open system. • Apply these concepts to describe the operations of an organization in your community. • Define contingency thinking, knowledge management, and a learning organization. • List characteristics...
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...Question 1 1 out of 1 points Harvard professor Chris Argyris promoted the concepts of espoused theories of action and theories-of-use. Espoused theories of actions reflect what people say governs their behavior, while theories-of-use reflects how they actually behave. Selected Answer: True Question 2 1 out of 1 points The autocratic management style is most effective on: Selected Answer: routine work efforts Question 3 1 out of 1 points Organizational restructuring and business process reengineering are basically the same thing. Selected Answer: False Question 4 1 out of 1 points The statement "My opponent is a jelly fish" illustrates the use of a metaphor to compress a complex concept into a simple image. Selected Answer: True Question 5 1 out of 1 points Bolman and Deal's political frame operates under the premise that: Selected Answer: organizations are competitive arenas Question 6 1 out of 1 points In the Hersey-Blanchard approach to situational leadership, the S2 Coaching style of leadership is most appropriate for employees with which of the following characteristics? Selected Answer: Some competence and low commitment to the job Question 7 1 out of 1 points Myron is very concerned for the well-being of his team members. He does not seem to be intent on achieving the team's performance goal. From the...
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...Competitive Clothing Market of M&S 3 2.3 The Rationale: Why does HRM Contribute to Increasing Competitiveness? 4 3 Analysis of Current Situation 5 4. Respond to the HRM Weakness 9 5. Evaluation on HRM Approach Implemented by M&S 10 6. Conclusion 11 References 12 1.Introduction In recent business environment, competition has become a core issue due to its crucial impacts on company development in terms of market and profits. This dissertation will introduce proper and effective strategies to overcome the problems so that the company would be turned into higher competitive stance. Additionally, this article aims to analyze the competitive environment from both internal and external of Marks and Spencer plc (M&S), to evaluate the reasons why it has gone wrong ever since 1997 and to identify how the changes of human resources management could help M&S sharpen its competitive edge. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on the background M&S has been facing ever since 1997 that the company is suffering from a great crisis. The current situation is analyzed in the second part by using the SWOT model to examine the positions and environment of M&S. The third part emphasizes on discussing the human resources management policies that M&S used to respond the weakness discussion during the SWOT analysis. The final part aims to evaluate the HRM responds policy and illustrate the good effects and drawbacks the changes...
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...LEARNING FROM OTHERS With the right foundationr practice makps p6~ "Googol" is a mathematical term standing for the number 1 followed by 100 zeros. That's a really big number. It's also symbolic of the reach and impact achieved by Google,a firm that is so successful its name has become a common verb. The firm's origins trace to the day when Larry Pageand SergeySrin met as students at Stanford University in California. Their conversationsled to collaboration on a searchengine they called SackRub. It became so popular on campus that they kept refining and expanding the service as they worked in Larry's dormitory room. Google Inc. began with a goal of bringing order and transparency to the information available on the Internet. Even though it hasn't stopped running, or growing, since, the goal endures. The firm's mission is: "To organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful." And if you want to talk about success, take a look at Google'scorporate information and follow its new initiatives in the news. What is the Google difference? How did it gain such runaway popularity? The answers start with a commitment to performance excellence Courtesy Google Inc. based on solid foundations of speed, accuracy, and ease of use. These have been the guiding performance criteria from the beginning, the basis for generating user appeal and competitive advantage for Google's products in the marketplace. Google'sbelief in people also sets it apart. Recently ranked...
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...Assignment on Human Resource Management Table of content Sl | Topic | Page no. | 1.1 | Distinguish between personnel management and human resource management | 03 | 1.2 | Asses the function of HRM in contributing to organizational purposes | 05 | 1.3 | Evaluate the role and responsibility of line manager in human resource management | 08 | 1.4 | The impact of legal and regulatory framework on HRM | 08 | 2.1 | The reasons for human resource planning in organization | 10 | 2.2 | Stages involved in planning human resource requirements | 11 | 2.3 | The recruitment and selection process of two companies | 12 | 2.4 | Effectiveness of the recruitment and selection process of two organizations | 16 | 3.1 | Link between motivational theory and reward | 18 | 3.2 | Process of job evaluation and other factors determining the pay | 19 | 3.3 | Effectiveness of reward systems in different contexts | 21 | | References | 22 | Task 1: Understand the difference between personnel management and human resource management. 1.1 Distinguish between personnel management and human resource management. Answer: Personnel management and human resource management both are the important term used to manage people in organization. Generally they imply similar meaning of managing people to achieve predetermined objectives. But these two differ from each other sharply. Simply Human Resource Management is the process of managing...
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...Introduction Human resource management is a field that is concerned with issues that relate to employees. The employees are the main resource for the company as they determine the success or failure of the company. The needs and expectations of these employees should be taken with a lot of concerns in the long run. Human resource management is a process of managing people in the best way so that they can contribute towards attaining the goals of the company. This is meant to manage people in the best way possible and also award them well with an aim of motivating them to be more productive. Task 1 Some people claim that there no differences between personnel management and human resource management. Both of them are important management sectors that work together for the growth of the organization, by managing and serving their employees. It was found that, nowadays, HRM has a broader scope than personnel management. Personnel management involves planning for a short time period while human resource management is concerned with long term planning. 1. Personnel management deals with employees, their payroll and employment laws. On the other hand, Human Resources Management deals with the management of the work force, and contributes to an organization’s success. 2. HRM basically deals with developing personnel management skills. It is Human Resources Management that develops a team of employees for an organization. 3. While Personnel management is external for the locus of...
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... Bacolod is the capital city and the heart of the province of Negros Occidental. Where it is geographically situated but governed administratively independent from it. It is also known for being a relatively friendly city; it bears the nickname "City of Smiles". It has many convenience stores located around the city like 7 Eleven, Munsterific, and I Mart which blooms in different areas of Bacolod City. The researchers did this study in order to understand how people involved feeling about being a good leader or manager towards their employees. There’s a lot of convenience store that can provide convenient to everyday needs, wants and easy access for customer 24/7. The researchers want to know if the customers are satisfied with the products and services. The convenience store is not the mainstream of the retail industry in the world. It has the complementary role to the supermarket in Bacolod City. The store is accessible to passenger jeepneys, and private cares. The store also is a perfect place to spend time after night outs and bar hopping for some. The increasing population of the city also encouraged the proponent to establish the store with the area. The mission of convenient stores in Bacolod is to make daily life easier by providing modern convenience and exercising social responsibility to those whom they serve. Statement of the problem The study aims to determine when people involve in business are willing to do the job, have the ability to do the job, neither...
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...Niels Laasholdt Steen Sloth Gitte Størup Marianne Poulsen BUSINESS ECONOMICS – AN INTRODUCTORY CASEBOOK FOR THE COMMERCIAL UPPER-SECONDARY COURSE (HHX) 1 BUSINESS ECONOMICS – an introductory casebook for the commercial upper-secondary course (HHX) © 2005 the authors and Systime A/S Copying from this book is only permitted subject to agreement between Copy-Dan and the Danish Ministry of Education. External editing: Knud Erik Bang Cover: Valentin Design Typeface: Adobe Garamond Pro 11/14 Graphical layout and production: Valentin Design 1st edition, 1st impression ISBN 87-616-1304-5 Skt. Pauls Gade 25 DK-8000 Århus C Tlf. (+45) 70 12 11 00 www.systime.dk Table of contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. Companies and their context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 The national economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2 Business economics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.3 Private finances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 The content of this textbook . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 What is a company? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Types of company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.1 Production companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.2 Trading companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.3 Service companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Company functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.1 Functions in a trading company . ....
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...Fundamentals of Management General Introduction..........................................................................................................3 An Introduction to Management .......................................................................................4 Kinds of Managers ...........................................................................................................4 Levels of Management.............................................................................................................. 4 Areas of Management ......................................................................................................5 Basic Management Functions ..........................................................................................5 Planning and Decision Making ................................................................................................. 5 Organizing............................................................................................................................. 6 Leading ................................................................................................................................. 6 Controlling ............................................................................................................................. 6 Fundamental Management Skills .....................................................................................6 Technical Skills .............................
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...Management | |Hoda Ahmed Ibrahim ID:10799 | [pic] CONTENTS Task 1 (1.1) • Human Resource Management vs. Personnel Management…………...Page 3-5 (1.2) • Human Resource (Role & Functions)………………………………......................Page 6-8 Human Resource Managers and Line Managers (1.3) • Impact of Legal Framework ………………..................................................Page 9-10 Equal Opportunities, Employment Legislation and Discrimination Task 2 (2.1) Tesco and Scottish Power Case Study • Human Resource Planning & Stages……………………….......................Page 11-12 (2.2) Tesco and Scottish Power Case Study • Compare Recruitment and Selection …………………………………… Page 13-14 List of References • Authors…………………………………………………................Page 15 • Internet Source ………………………………….……………..Page 16 1.1 Human Resource Management vs. Personnel Management Human Resources Management developed from the origins of Personal Management. Personal Management helps in dealing with the management of people working within an organisation. It primarily focuses on systems that provide the foundations of employment. This method is used to ensure these systems are developed, maintained and established in order to go forth with the process of employing people. In line...
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...ELFH 715 Organizational Theory TERM PAPER Leadership for Diversity Management in Multinational Organizations Spring 2008 Introduction The objective of this paper is to emphasize the role of a leader in solving issues related to diversity management that challenge multinational organizations in the era of globalization. Shehata (2004) defines globalization as an increasing interconnectedness that involves “deepened and accelerated movement of information, capital, and people across the planet” (para. 6). The globalization process has been occurring for a number of centuries but its unprecedented growth in the twenty first century is altering the global economy and causing tremendous changes in the management and conduct of business and organizations. Globalization requires multinational organizations to eliminate borders and barriers of trade between nations resulting in a shift in traditional patterns of investment, production, distribution and trade. Due to elimination of geographical boundaries, multinational organizations face some unique cross-cultural people management challenges that can be addressed by effective diversity management initiatives. In this paper, I will present solutions to such unique issues from a hypothetical leader’s perspective. In the first section of the paper, I will explain the concept of diversity management through a thorough literature review, and propose an effective...
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...financial statements, were not detecting the material misstatements in the statements. As a result, both the US Government and the accounting profession needed to come up with a way to prevent these immense frauds from occurring in the future. As a response to these large frauds, in 2002, the US Government passed the Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) issued Statement on Auditing Standards No. 99(SAS No. 99) to improve investor confidence and the auditing function’s ability to detect material frauds. The intent of this thesis was to look at the fraudulent factors associated with several recent corporate frauds and compare them to the standards set by SAS No. 99. Through the analysis conducted, this thesis looks at the relationships between pressures, opportunities, and rationalizations made during the act of fraud. Table of Contents ABSTRACT ii INTRODUCTION 1 Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) 1 Statement of Auditing Standards Number 99 (SAS No. 99) 4 Parts of the Fraud Triangle 5 Types of Fraud 11 INSTANCES OF FRAUD 13 Enron Corporation 13 Adelphia Communications Corporation 17 AOL Time Warner, Inc. 20 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company 25 Global Crossing Limited 27 K-Mart 30 Tyco International, Ltd. 34 WorldCom 37 HealthSouth Corporation 41 CONCLUSION 45 Appendix: SOX Titles and Sections List 48 Works Cited 52 INTRODUCTION Between the years 1998 and 2002, the United States suffered...
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...SECTION - I 1 INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING PART I Unit Structure 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Meaning & Definitions of marketing 1.3 Importance of marketing 1.4 Scope of marketing 1.5 Concepts of marketing 1.6 Role of marketing manager in changing environment 1.7 Summary 1.8 Exercise 1.0 OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter students will be able to: Understand the meaning and definition of marketing. Explain the nature of marketing Discuss the importance of marketing Know the scope of marketing Explain the concepts of marketing 1.1 INTRODUCTION The emergence of ‗marketing‘ as a business discipline is of relatively recent origin. Though it has been practiced from the time of barter through money economy to today‘s modern complex marketing system, exchanges have been taking place. The ideas associated with marketing have undergone a great deal of change over centuries. Even after marketing became a full–fledged business discipline. Marketing, more than any other business function, deals with customer. It revolves around the customer. Building relationship based on customer value and satisfaction is at the very heart of modern marketing. The pricing strategies adopted the promotional tools selected; the design, shape and size of the product and the place of sales etc. are all decided after finding out the lifestyle, culture, buying habits and media consumption habits etc of all customers Marketing links producers and consumers together for mutual...
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...Business Plan Hotel LUX: it starts here Kristel Lako 120547 Vivian de Lange 121181 Anne- Sophie Kersten 121104 Nadia Hassoune 123094 ------------------------------------------------- Team assignment Business Plan Team managers: R. van Ginneken & Maarten Staps Deadline: 07-6-2013 Class: 1HM 14 Vivian de Lange 121181 Anne-Sophie 121104 Kristel Lako 120547 Nadia Hassoune 123094 Executive Summary "When there is true hospitality, not many words are needed" The core purpose of this report is to show an idea of a feasible business hotel in Munich. The business plan explains all points, while going into debt in accounting, finance, marketing and Human Resource, why this concept will be profitable on long term. Hotel LUX is a 4 star business hotel and the main target group will be young entrepreneurs and local partners. The hotel is strategically located in the city centre of Munich and it enables its guests to be at the heart of the business community. The long-term goal of hotel LUX is to become one of the top choices in Munich for temporary lodging. This will be accomplished by creating a differentiated experience capitalizing on personal service, the facilities that the hotel provides and its unique location in one of the most attractive places in Germany, for business as well as leisure guests. We plan to be more than just lodging and accommodation and we aim for a social and warm atmosphere to relax in, and an inspiring...
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