...Chapter 2 – Literature Review 2.1 Introduction Kaplan and Haenlein (2010: 61) describes social media as, a set of worldwide web based interconnected applications developed through the ideas characterised by technology that is underpinned by Web 2.0 which is the current state of internet evolution, to enable the generation and interchanging of data. In addition Mayfield (2008) mentioned that the discerning characteristics of social media involves contribution, accessibility, dialogues, groups and linkage, as compared to traditional media which only delivers content, whilst social media encourages agile user engagement (Allen & Overy, 2012). Grahl (2014), founder and president of Out:think categorises social media into six main types, being...
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...Literature Review Pressure to be Perfect Media has become an increasingly important aspect of today’s society. People interact with many different forms of media on a daily basis. Because of the frequent usage of media, it is reasonable to assume that it has its effects on people. The topic discussed in this paper is the impact social media has truly had on society. Focusing on the main factors that cause an influence to the general well being of people in modern society, this paper will discuss how the effects of media are determined and explore what is believed to be the two main categories in which media affects today’s society: mental illness and body dissatisfaction. In reviewing the literature on the different effects that media has on society as a whole, ten pieces of literature that discuss the effects that media has on the psychological well being of society will be shown, and that ultimately what is at stake in this conversation is the health of our society. In reviewing the literature regarding the health impacts of social media on society, the authors used in this paper discuss either mental illness or body dissatisfaction. Authors such as Dohyun Ahn, Sheri Bauman, and Sandee LaMotte discuss the mental illnesses in their articles (“Is the Social Use of Media…”, “Associations Among Bullying…”, and “The Health Risks of Cyberbullying…” respectively. The remaining seven authors who focus on body image and how it is influenced by the media can be separated by three...
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...COMPARATIVE LITERATURE: SHARING KNOWLEDGES FOR PRESERVING CULTURAL DIVERSITY – Vol. II - The Impact Of Media On Literature - William Egginton and Bernadette Wegenstein THE IMPACT OF MEDIA ON LITERATURE William Egginton and Bernadette Wegenstein The Johns Hopkins University Keywords: media, media studies, media theory, history of media, new media, comparative literature Contents U SA NE M SC PL O E – C EO H AP LS TE S R S 1. Introduction 2. Current Media Theory and Media Studies 2.1. Origins of Discipline 2.2. New Media Theory 3. Historical Examples 3.1. Oral Transmission 3.2. Pictography 3.3. The Andean Khipu 3.4. Manuscript 3.5. Print 3.6. Theater 3.7. Photography 3.8. Moving Image 3.9. Radio and Television 3.10. The Digital 4. Conclusion Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary The growing consensus among literary scholars is that the meaning of literature cannot be properly studied or understood outside of the specific medium of its transmission and archival. This realization can be considered a revolution in literary studies, and its fundamental ramification is the confluence of literary studies and theory with media studies and theory. The fields of media studies and media theory are dedicated to the analysis and understanding of the myriad media through which information is communicated. Under the influence of these fields, the media through which literature is communicated is no longer considered...
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...Monet, perhaps the most prominent Impressionist artist, comments on the then experimental nature of his art. This cause and effect of innovation begetting innovation is not a unique phenomenon. With the inception of new technologies and ideas, artists and engineers alike forge new paths so as not to be left in the future’s wake. Portraits from Gauguin or Picasso give new life to portrait painting, with interesting interpretations of the human face and form. Likewise, awe inspiring photography of landscapes and the abstract developed from experimental movements, of which Impressionism helped lead the vanguard. While photography drove artists to experiment by making their current style conventional and commonplace, new media technologies have and are forcing literature tobranch out. Because the idea of a narrative has been shown in so many ways, television, cinema, and the internet, writers are in a position where they can explore the world of writing and find new formats and styles. One might even say that writers are forced to experiment to...
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...The media provide access to and construct social problems for large numbers of audiences throughout the world and in turn themselves have become a social problem in view of their multiple and complex effects, many negative. The media have been blamed by a wide spectrum of theorists and critics for promoting violence and sexism, racism, homophobia, ageism, and other oppressive social phenomena. Social problems connected with the media also involve allegedly harmful media influence on children and youth; pornography and the degradation of women and sexuality; advertising manipulation; and the promotion of excessive consumerism and materialism. Empirical research on media effects into these areas has been mixed and highly contested. Many studies have affirmed that media have negative social effects and help reproduce a number of social problems, while other studies assert skepticism toward claims of negative media effects or attempt to confirm positive aspects of the media. 1 Empirical studies are often funded by institutions who have interests in escaping or deflecting criticism, or they are constrained by bias and limitations of various kinds. Yet dominant theories of the media are equally contested on whether the media promote serious social problems or have a more benign influence. Conflicting theories and research into media effects have intensified debates throughout the world about media as a social problem. Research into media effects and linking the media...
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...Vietnam, social media has become one of the most popular communication platforms. It is noteworthy that the social media penetration rate in the country is more than 43 percent, Facebook penetration is at 22 percent, and there are more than 40 million active social media users (Kemp, 2015; 2016). These figures indicate the growing importance of social media for the Vietnamese people. As a result, a crisis that starts on social media is not an unusual occurrence. In the past five years, Vietnam has seen a number of company or brand crises that started on social media. From a single post online, a story could be shared virally, attract attention from customers, mainstream media and even the government to become a full crisis....
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...steps are important to maintain a set of standards to the research process. Reviewing the appropriate literature and considering ethical decisions in data collection are also equally important. The types of data collected and how it was collected will help in drawing a conclusion to the significance of the project. With an appropriate amount of statistically sound data a determination can then be made as to whether the research project or study was effective. This paper will be using the article “Who Gives a Tweet: Assessing Patients’ Interest in the Use of Social Media for Health Care” for examples of how the research process is used to determine the effectiveness of a study the article. Research Process The research process begins with selecting a problem or question that a researcher seeks to find an answer to. The researcher will form a hypothesis based off their theory or other research. Third the literature is reviewed. Next, researcher will list all the measures that must be looked at and decide on the subjects for the project. The researcher will then need to decide upon and describe the design of the research as well as decide on the appropriate way to measure their variables. The last steps of the research process are then to analyze the data collected, draw their conclusion and last write their report detailing their project. Literature Review Literature review is important to any research project. It assists the researcher in understanding previous work...
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...private interest has on a bias media message. Inherently, drawing the connection with a biased media and what effect it has on presidential candidates running for office in the United States of America. Being done so by looking at examples of media playing a factor on past presidential candidates. Through examination of past and current events of media effecting presidential candidates, the goal is to draw a connection making it clear that private interest creates a biased media effecting presidential candidates. Through showing what effect media has on presidential candidates, the research that will be conducted in this paper will emphasize and make aware the public that the media has its own...
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...Chapter 1 The Problem and Its Settings Introduction The surge in popularity of social media in recent years has changed how we use the internet. But most importantly, how we study and how we learn. Social media has given us the ability to share ideas, feelings, and information at unbelievable speed. We can now communicate faster and wither greater efficiency with our lecturers and professors. Students can utilize social media by posting and sharing notes and lectures online, or watch a video pertaining to yesterday’s history class. Social media is not just limited to students, but many professors are now communicating with their students and peers via online. But social media is so much more. It enables students to attend lectures and classes who are half way around the world through the use of social media. It also allows professors and students to conduct meetings online. Currently, there are still many who oppose the idea of using social media as a tool for learning and studying. Regardless, many believe that technology is a vital part of today’s student success in the classroom. Many parents believe that the traditional learning styles is the way to go and that social media is just a distraction and may lead to procrastination. Background of the study The researchers were persuaded to conduct a study on the effects of social media in the study habits of junior nursing students in relation to academic performance. The setting for this study was conducted at the...
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...themes in American literature that have Caucasians playing the heroic protagonist whereas the African American plays the antagonist. African Americans are seen as the dark, or the wrong within media. Throughout history most African Americans play minor characters that add conflict to stories such as To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee or Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. American history of race has impacted the world and created problematic stereotypes. “I pointed out that cultural identities are formed and informed by a nation's literature. What seemed to be on the "mind" of the literature of the United States was the self-conscious but highly problematic construction of the American as a new white...
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...Journal of Media Economics, 23:143–164, 2010 Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0899-7764 print/1532-7736 online DOI: 10.1080/08997764.2010.502514 Adoption of Mass-Customized Newspapers: An Augmented Technology Acceptance Perspective Johannes Putzke, Detlef Schoder, and Kai Fischbach Department of Information Systems and Information Management University of Cologne, Germany The authors propose an augmented version of the Technology Acceptance Model to examine the consumer acceptance of mass-customized (MC) newspapers. Model findings (n D 2,114) suggest that the customer’s willingness to invest effort for MC products is one of the main factors driving adoption. Furthermore, gender is found to moderate the relation between base category satisfaction (with the base category “newspaper”) and perceived usefulness of an individually printed daily newspaper. Mass Customization (MC) products are one of the emerging research trends in management (Arora et al., 2008). Although considerable research has been devoted to MC in supply chain management (e.g., Dean, Xue, & Tu, 2009), innovation management (e.g., Franke, Keinz, & Schreier, 2008; Kaplan & Haenlein, 2006), and marketing (e.g., Syam & Kumar, 2006), rather less attention has been paid to MC in media economics (e.g., Franke, Keinz, & Steger, 2009; Franke & Schreier, 2002; Ihlström & Palmer, 2002; Kaplan, Schoder, & Haenlein, 2007; Schoder, Sick, Putzke, & Kaplan, 2006). Hence, there remains a limited...
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...life is always the outcome and this is what literature accompanies you with. Increasing your knowledge in literature has a tremendous amount of positive affects on your well-being, your surroundings, and your perspective perhaps about anything. Not only does it affect your perspective, well-being and surroundings, but it also allows you to grow. We read to gain more knowledge, we read to expand our thinking, and most importantly, we read to create connections between the books, people and within our souls. For me, literature has expanded my mindset, my worldview, and my well-being; I have never payed so much more attention to books or anything worth thinking deeply about until I walked into this class. Within this...
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...Abstract: This project was based on body image and social media. There are several articles which state that social media plays a huge role in the influence of young adults and the way they see themselves. The reason i did this is to show the impact either being negative or positive on the understandings of body image on young adults and that social media plays a role. The research methods used were primary and secondary as i need existing data as well as gathering new data, both were qualitative research. In this project there was an interview on a school teacher that was taken in consideration. In this report i displayed a survey and interview that was used to gather results on this subject. The survey was given online which was easier for people...
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...2010-060 Literature Review Pressure to be Perfect Media has become an increasingly important aspect of today’s society. People interact with many different forms of media on a daily basis. Because of the frequent usage of media, it is reasonable to assume that it has its effects on people. The topic discussed in this paper is the impact social media has truly had on society. Focusing on the main factors that cause an influence to the general well being of people in modern society, this paper will discuss how the effects of media are determined and explore what is believed to be the two main categories in which media affects today’s society: mental illness and body dissatisfaction. In reviewing the literature on the different effects that media has on society as a whole, ten pieces of literature that discuss the effects that media has on the psychological well being of society will be shown, and that ultimately what is at stake in this conversation is the health of our society. In reviewing the literature regarding the health impacts of social media on society, the authors used in this paper discuss either mental illness or body dissatisfaction. Authors such as Dohyun Ahn, Sheri Bauman, and Sandee LaMotte discuss the mental illnesses in their articles (“Is the Social Use of Media…”, “Associations Among Bullying…”, and “The Health Risks of Cyberbullying…” respectively. The remaining seven authors who focus on body image and how it is influenced by the media can be separated...
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...The impacts of E-commence on international business and marketing: A literature review Name student: Tao Yi Student number: 1192930 Course name: Master thesis international track Course code: 2012-191880750-1A Assessor: Assistant Prof. Dr. E. Constantinides and Dr. Huub J.M. Ruel Hand in date: 15-09-2012 E-commerce and Web 2.0: An intensive literature review on their impacts on international business and marketing Table of content Managerial summary ............................................................................................ 2 1. Background and research objectives .............................................................. 3 2. Research problem and research questions...................................................... 4 3. Research methodology ................................................................................... 6 4. Key findings .................................................................................................. 8 4.1. 4.1.1. 4.1.2. 4.1.3. 4.2. 4.2.1. 4.2.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.4.1. 4.4.2. 4.4.3. 4.5. 4.5.1. 4.5.2. 4.5.3. 4.6. The impacts of Internet on International business and marketing .................................. 8 The impacts on international business ......................................................................... 8 The impacts on international entrepreneurship ............................................................ 9 The impacts on international companies‟ marketing ................................
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