...Microeconomics May 10, 2010 Health Care Reforms: What They Mean to Me and the United States Can anyone accurately predict the outcome of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010? At this point it is all just speculation. The Federal Government, mainly the Democrats and the Department of Health and Human Services, paints one idealistic picture of the reform. The Federal Government envisions healthcare for all Americans at minimal expense to the consumer. The funding for this would come from a mixture of sources, including taxes on “rich” people, a new tax on expensive insurance, fees on healthcare industries, a tanning tax, and cuts on Medicare spending. Insurance companies are required to be more efficient and the increased competition should also decrease the cost of insurances policies. In theory, this all sounds great and would benefit me, my family, and other Americans with preexisting conditions but the critics are skeptical that all will go as planned. The Republicans and big business are predicting the worst outcomes of the new law. Even the Chief Actuary of the Medicare Program has now made some dire predictions on the actuality of the law, including an increase in spending. Critics predict that businesses may cut employee healthcare and pay the lower cost penalties instead. The cuts to Medicare Part A may put hospitals in debt and threaten access to care for seniors. The system may be over...
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...Health Spending and its Effects on Future Health Care Managers The United States spends more on healthcare than then any other country in the world. In 2012 the United States spent an average of $8,915 per person on health care, totaling $2.8 trillion. Unfortunately, spending will continue to trend upwards due to a number of key factors. According to Kaiser Health News staff writer, Mary Carey, “national health spending will increase modestly over the next decade as a result of an aging population, a recovering economy, and the health law’s expanded insurance coverage”(Carey, 2014) As baby boomers continue to age and the Affordable Care Act changes the health insurance market, “employment of medical and health services managers is projected to grow 23 percent from 2012 to 2022, much faster than the average for all occupations” (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). This paper will focus on national health spending of the United States and the positive and negative effects it has on future health care managers. The Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) estimates health spending grew in 2013 by 3.6 percent marking the “fifth year of historically low rates of spending growth” (Sisko et al, 2014). However, it is “forecasted to rise to 5.6 percent in 2014 due to the combined effects of the expansion of coverage from the Affordable Care Act, faster economic growth, and growing age of the population” (Sisko et al, 2014). During the next decade economic growth is projected...
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...Health Care Spending Does one know about health care spending and heath care expenditure in the United States? Health Care spending in the United States comes from several sources such as physician service, patient treatment, prescription drug treatment, administration cost, Medicare, Medicaid and hospital spending, These sources are just a very few of the sources of spending on healthcare in the United States. On March 23, 2010 President Obama passed the healthcare reform bill to help citizens with receiving affordable healthcare. Even though health care spending has improved over the years, health care is something that everyone needs and there is a possibility that this could change over the years to come. According to Santiago (2009), the goal of healthcare reform is to make healthcare more accessible and available to American citizens. Currently, the national health care expenditures are at a struggle but yet continue to grow. According to Foreman (2011) National health expenditures reached $2.1 trillion in 2006, after further revisions and a 6.7% increase from the previous year. This translated into $7,026 per person and 16% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Foreman, 2011). These expenditures include but are not limited to those sources such as physician service, patient treatment, prescription drug treatment, administration cost, Medicare, Medicaid and hospital spending. The Obama Reform is a reform that has been transmitted to make healthcare available...
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...end-of-life care. Among those 60 and older, that number rises to about half of older adults completing a directive. The last 20 years have seen a significant shift in location of death from the community to hospitals and care homes. Those aged over 85 years account for the biggest rise in hospital and care-home deaths. Barriers to advance care planning include, • Lack of awareness: While advance directives are supported by state laws, there is still no clear process to allow an individual’s wishes to be known and ensure that care is tied to those documents. • Denial: A key part of the problem is our society’s denial of death and dying, and of being in a circumstance in which we are unable to make our own decisions and speak for ourselves • Confusion: Concern that emphasizing palliative and end-of-life care options could interfere with doing whatever it takes to help patients extend their lives as long as possible. • Cultural Differences: The majority of Medicare beneficiaries of all racial and ethnic groups say that in the event of a terminal illness with less than a year to live, they would want to die at home and would not want to receive life-prolonging drugs with uncomfortable side effects or mechanical ventilation to extend their life for a week or a month Among community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries age 65 or older: • Blacks (18 percent) were more likely than Hispanic (15 percent) and non-Hispanic whites (8 percent) to want to die in the hospital. • More blacks...
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...reform. We spend almost $2 trillion dollars per year on healthcare, yet not all American people have medical coverage (Barton, 2007). A huge percent of the population have to rely on outside sources, such as benefit health care from an employer or from government programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid. As compared to other nations, our society has people that are more overweight, live under more stress, and are less in physical activity. Additionally, our healthcare system underperforms compared to with other nations in critical areas such as, access, quality and efficiency (Davis). How did our system get this way? Why are we paying so much while other nations not so much? A history of major events - The U.S. healthcare system is trying to evolve with modern times; however, as time goes on, our current situation becomes more apparent: * In the 1950s, the price of hospital care was growing; however, more attention was diverted to the war in Korea. Many legislative proposals were made, but none could not be agreed on. * In the 1960s, hospital care expenses doubled, and despite over 700 insurance companies selling health insurance, a large percentage of the population could not afford it. During this time, Medicare and Medicaid were signed into law. * In the 1970s, as Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) begin to take form, healthcare cost continue to escalate, partially due to unforeseen high Medicare costs, coupled with rapid inflation in the economy. * Medicare shifted...
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...population; however, this system will cost more. Funding the program will be discussed as well as the taxes and other funding that will help pay for the coverage. Likewise, how this will affect hospitals and healthcare providers. Topic: U.S Healthcare System Reform Outline I. Abstract II. Introduce the Issue (Background) A. An analysis of our current healthcare system 1. A history of major events 2. Impact to healthcare organizations III. Defining the problem A. Political disagreements B. The increase of expenses IV. Literature Review A. Is U.S. Healthcare deteriorating? B. Effects on the profitability of local hospitals V. Analyze the Problem A. Raising insurance premiums B. The uninsured VI. Possible Solutions A. French Healthcare system B. A public option VII. Implementation Plan A. Financing VIII. Justification A. Access of care B. Quality of care C. Utilization of resources IX. References - See last two pages. Background The United States, being the most diverse society in the world, has a long and unsuccessful history of attempts at healthcare reform. We spend almost $2 trillion dollars per year on healthcare, yet not all American people have medical coverage (Barton, 2007). A huge percent of the...
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...Funding the Rising Cost of U.S. Health Care. BY Vilando. HSA500 November 15, 2015 Funding the Rising Cost of U.S. Health Care. The United States continues to spend significantly more on health care than any country in the world, however, even though with this statistics the U.S has a lot of uninsured and does not have the healthiest citizens. In this paper, opinions will be given on the rising cost of overall’s health care’s impact in the U.S economy, followed by a comparising and contrasting factors impacted by the new health care act, pros and cons of using the private insurance rather than using the new health care reforms and the cost associated with its implementation and access to different groups will also be discussed. Rising Cost of Health Care The cost of the U.S health care system is higher than any country in the world. Its efficiency is also under serious scrutiny. If it was not an emergency, most physicians would require insurance verification. Therefore patients will be delayed of treatment. Moreover, the health care system in the U.S should be redesigned in terms of prevention rather than treatment with people who are already sick. Insurance should not go higher for people that have pre-existing conditions or with more health risk. Also the emergence and new discoveries in the field of...
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...Better The Economics of Health and Health Care June 10, 2013 Strayer University Assignment #4 Select a country that has universal health care system provided by that country and provide some background information on this country. The Obama administration passed a health care bill that takes the U.S. part of the way towards a government-controlled system. However, it’s no secret that health care costs are increasing out of control in this country. Research says, as individuals we spend more per person on health care than both food and housing. Insurance premiums are multiplying much faster than inflation, which prevents economic growth and leaves businesses with less money to provide raises or hire more workers. While the quality and availability of medical care in the United States remains among the best in the world, many wonder whether we'd be better off adopting a universal government-controlled health care system like the one used in Canada. America doesn’t have universal health coverage; over 37 million people are without health insurance and approximately 53 million are underinsured, which means that they are inadequately insured in the event of a serious illness. Universal health care is a term that refers to a government system meant to ensure that every citizen or resident of a region that has assess to the required medical services. Thirty years ago there wasn’t a significant difference in the provision of health care between the U.S and Canada. However, Canada...
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...National Health Care: “Proposal to the U.S. Government and U.S. Citizens” The United States of America (the United States) health care system has been described as most advanced and competitive, but at the same time inefficient and fragmented. According to the United States Census Board, health care system in the United States is ranked thirty-seventh in the world. More than 54% of the American Citizens are dissatisfied with the current health care system, but we also spend more than the citizen of other nations: we spend 15.9 percent of GDP on health care compared to other advanced countries in the world like France, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Japan and Australia (U.S. Census Bureau). Assessing the performance of the health care system is the most difficult task. Public and Private Health Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP. U.S. and some selected countries: (from Kaiser Family Foundation) A few years ago, when my mom turned forty years old, she discovered that she has a blood pressure problem. Prior to that she did not have a medical insurance when she found out about her problem. After discovering that she has a blood pressure problem, she applied for medical insurance in five or six health insurance companies, but they rejected her application because she had a preexisting medical condition. Finally, Kaiser Permentant Medical Insurance, accepted her application; however, they charged her twice the amount of monthly payment for her medical insurance. Around last...
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...Health Care Spending Jackie Shaw HCS 440 December 19th 2011 Health Care Spending The United States spends more on health care than any other country in the world. The current level of national health care expenditures is astounding. “In 2011, the anticipated total of health care government spending in the United States is 1108.2 billion dollars” (Chantrill, n.d.). Over the years the total of health care spending has increasingly amplified; in 1996 $396.78 billion was spent on health care in 2000 $469.80 billion was spent on health care, and in 2009 $989.65 billion was spent on health care (Chantrill, n.d.). Between 1996 and 2009, a period of 13 years, health care spending increased $592.87 billion dollars. In the following I will discuss the level of current national health care expenditures, whether spending is too much or not enough, where the nation should add or cut funds and why, how the public’s health care needs are paid and the future economic needs of the health care system. The level of current national health care expenditures The level of national health care expenditures is considerably high in comparison, to any other country in the world. “Health spending in the United States is much higher than in other countries – at least $2,535 dollars, or 51% higher than Norway, the next largest per capita spender” (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2011, para. 3). In addition in 2009 the United States spent more than 17% of its gross domestic product on healthcare, which...
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...Briefing Paper- 2 Name: Dilpreet Singh What is Medicare? What are the components and how are they financed? What are the problems facing Medicare? What are your solutions? Medicare: Medicare is the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a transplant). Administered by the US government since 1966, Medicare is currently using 30 private insurance companies across United States. In 2010, Medicare provided health insurance to 48 million Americans—40 million people age 65 and older and 8 million younger people with disabilities. On average, Medicare covers about half (48 %) of the health care charges for those enrolled in Medicare. The enrollees must then cover the remaining approved charges either with supplemental insurance or with another form of out-of-pocket coverage. Components of Medicare: Medicare has four parts. These different parts help cover specific services. Medicare PART A (Hospital/Hospice Insurance): Part A covers inpatient hospital stays including semiprivate room, food, tests, care in a skilled nursing facility, and hospice care. (Hospice care focuses on palliation of seriously ill patient's pain and symptoms, and attending to their emotional and spiritual needs) Medicare PART B (Medical Insurance): Part B medical insurance covers certain doctors' services, outpatient care, medical supplies, preventive services and...
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...A Community Leader’s Guide to Hospital Finance E VA L U AT I N G H O W A H O S P I TA L G E T S A N D S P E N D S I T S M O N E Y Prepared for The Access Project by Sarah Gunther Lane, MS Elizabeth Longstreth, BA Victoria Nixon, MS Under the supervision of Nancy Kane, DBA Harvard School of Public Health The Access Project is a national healthcare initiative supported by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Annie E. Casey Foundation. It works in partnership with Brandeis University’s Heller Graduate School and the Collaborative for Community Health Development. It began its efforts in early 1998. The mission of The Access Project is to improve the health of our nation by assisting local communities in developing and sustaining efforts that improve health care and promote universal coverage, with a focus on people who are without insurance. If you have any questions or would like to learn more about our work, please contact us. The Access Project 30 Winter Street, Suite 930 Boston, MA 02108 Phone: 617-654-9911 FAX: 617-654-9922 E-mail: info@accessproject.org Web site: www.accessproject.org Catherine M. Dunham, Ed.D, National Program Director Mark Rukavina, MBA, Deputy Director for Programs and Policy Gwen Pritchard, MPA, Deputy Director for Communication and Administration © 2001 by The Access Project This publication may be reproduced or quoted with appropriate credit. Acknowledgments The Access Project would like to thank and...
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...National Health Care Spending Tylecia Westbrook HCS/440 Oct 8, 2014 Dr. Laura Newton Introduction Healthcare spending in the United States plays a vital role in the US economy. The healthcare field is a growing professional. There is millions of dollars that are spent on healthcare each year. From research, drugs, new technology and patient care it is the driving force of the health care system. Health care has provided lots of jobs and a means of survive for many Americans. With insurance companies driving up the cost of premieres and the new Affordable Care Act into place health care spending will only continue to drive the price up. With all of the demands for cues and people wanting to leave longer there has been a major impact on Health Care spending. Health Care Expenditures Over the last several years the U.S. health care expenditures has been on a rise. Heath care has risen so fast that many Americans have not been able to keep up even with their earning in order to be able to afford healthcare. “The U.S. spends 16 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) on health care, compared with 8 to 10 percent in most major industrialized nations” (2014, The Commonwealth Fund.). According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services projects that the increase in health spending will outpace the GDP over the next 10 years. (2014, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid). In recent headlines the healthcare rate has been at a slow rate of 3.7%. Although that may sound...
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...Health Care Spending Paper HCS/440 Health Care Spending Health care spending in America is at an all-time high. The baby boomer generation is reaching retirement age and its dependence on health care is greater than ever before. This burgeoning demand for health care services has put a huge strain on the infrastructure of the health care system that was originally designed to accommodate far less Americans than it currently supports. Many financial experts predict a drastic increase in health care spending in the years ahead. According to Wayne (2012), "Federal, state and local governments are projected to spend $2.4 trillion on health care in 2021, half of all U.S. medical expenditures, according to the analysis in Health Affairs by actuaries and economists from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Government accounted for about 46 percent of health spending through 2013” (Glide Path). This particular article shows monumental increase predicted for government funded health care in the near future. Speculation regarding the impact of the Affordable Health Care Act on future spending has been mixed. Some analysts say that spending will level-off; while others state that the reform will increase spending. According to Walker (2012), "National healthcare spending grew very little in 2011 -- just 3.9%, which was the same rate seen in 2010 -- to reach $2.7 trillion. The slow growth was mostly because of the lingering effects of the recession, the study...
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...STATE of MARYLAND STATE HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES Experience from 2002 Released January 2004 Donald E. Wilson, M.D., MACP Chairman Donald E. Wilson, M.D., MACP Chairman Dean, School of Medicine Vice President for Medical Affairs University of Maryland Residence: Baltimore County George S. Malouf, M.D., Vice Chairman Ophthalmologist Residence: Prince George’s County Walter E. Chase, Sr. Retired Police Chief of Easton, MD Residence: Talbot County Ernest B. Crofoot AFL/CIO Residence: Anne Arundel County Larry Ginsburg Service Employees International Union Residence: Baltimore County Jeffrey Lucht Aetna Health, Inc. Residence: Howard County Robert E. Moffit, Ph.D. Heritage Foundation Residence: Anne Arundel County Robert E. Nicolay Retired Business Owner Residence: Carroll County Debra H. Risher President and Owner Belair Engineering & Service Co., Inc. Residence: Anne Arundel County Constance Row Partner, Row Associates Residence: Harford County Stephen J. Salamon Heritage Financial Consultants, LLC Residence: Baltimore County Clifton Toulson, Jr. U.S. Small Business Administration Residence: Prince George’s County Marc E. Zanger President and CEO CBIZ Benefits and Insurance Services of Maryland, Inc. Residence: Allegany County STATE of MARYLAND STATE HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES Experience from 2002 Released January 2004 Donald E. Wilson, M.D., MACP Chairman Acknowledgements This report required the assistance of many individuals and offices in state government...
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