...We see the manifestation of trauma later on in the film through Cobb’s creation of dreams based upon memories of him and Mal. Ariadne joins Cobb in one of his trips into this dream. It is here where both she and the audience can understand the depth of his trauma. Cobb’s dream is made up of various smaller moments, each a different memory of Mal. He travels to each of these memories via an elevator, where each floor represents a different memory. There appears to be some hierarchy of the memories; the higher floors are happier, for instance a memory of Cobb’s children playing on a beach, and the basement level is the memory of Mal’s death. We can now piece together why Cobb has made his dreams this way. The memories which Cobb choses appear...
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...Mary Karr’s poem “Still Memory” is a childhood dream that Karr vividly walks her readers through. Through each stanza Karr is taking her readers through a new snapshot of her old life. Karr does this in small glimpses due to her fear of one day not remembering. In her poem Karr sways back and forth between the whimsicality of a dream and the vivid remembrance of her childhood. The content of the active poem contradicts its title “Still Memory” by displaying sudden changes of time, the human senses and the breakdown of what Mary’s household looked like before death came over her family all through a nostalgic tone. Through the first 4 stanzas of Mary Karr’s poem “Still Memory” one is given a feeling of what mornings were like at her house through...
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...Mind The most significant dream element that I see in this film is the fact that time becomes fluid. It does in fact become fluid throughout the whole film. Past, present, and future all become mixed up and happen at the same time. When the film begins, we see what we believe, and the characters believe to be their first encounter. “Have we met before?” Clementine asks, and Joel says that they haven’t. Clementine keeps feeling like they have, and Joel brings up that he has seen her at her place of work, Barnes and Noble. Looking back, this is significant because we later realize that this is not the first time that they’ve met, and they actually knew each other quite well. We find out not long after this scene that Clementine has taken means to erase Joel entirely from her memory. To spite Clementine, Joel decides to do the same. Throughout the rest of the film, time becomes very fluid. Past memories, and things that are currently happening in the room are seen from Joel in a dreamlike state. He is asleep, and getting his memories erased. Throughout the dreaming, he is aware of Clementine, and he decides that he does not want to get his memories of her erased. In order to try to keep her in his memories, he goes back and forth while dreaming from the present to different times in his past. Some of the memories stem all the way back to his childhood, the most embarrassing memories that he long tried to forget. The dreams keep being interrupted by the irresponsible...
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...“Dream Time” by Randall E. Auxier Christopher Nolan’s films, Memento and Inception, both approach the question of how humans experience time. What is known as the “pathologies of temporal experience”, is exemplified in Memento, where Leonard’s head injury breaks his main connection between the present and the past, also by causing him the inability to make new long-term memories. In the movie Inception, this same idea is presented to us but in a different form. Auxier describes it as “ a lasagna of ideas about time and dreams” (Auxier, 280) and begins with firstly explaining the idea of mementoes and totems. A “totem” is an object that the characters in this film keep with them in real life and in the dream world. It is identified as something unique, heavy and that only the owner is allowed to handle. Its purpose is to provide the dream-invaders a way of knowing whether they are in the dream world or in reality. If a totem is expected to fall, or operate in a certain way, then any change in this indicates that you are in a dream. Most importantly, Auxier says that this serves as “a point of connection between what you’re experiencing within yourself (beliefs, perceptions, assumptions) and the way the world really is.” (Auxier, 282) The idea of a “totem” allows for continuity of time in the narrative, it acts as a guide when discontinuities are found. Furthermore, both films attempt to explore the same problem, the continuity and discontinuity in our experience, and...
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...Critical reviwe Do you ever have a dream that you have when your asleep and when u wake up it and u don’t remember? In the article Forgotten Fantasies? Modernity, Reenchantment, and Dream Consciousness by Raymond L. M. lee stats that “dreams are quickly forgotten and attempted recalls are difficult. We may remember some dreams or fragments of some dreams, but it is rare that our memory can provide unproblematic access to the detailed aspect of any singular dream or to the sequential unfolding of several dreams.” (pg288) When I think about this I feel that this is true because when I have dream and when I wake I have problems recalling my drams when I wake in the morning. Later in the article Lewis that “most people tend not to be in the habit of activating that power (to remember dreams). Unless dreams have significant meaning or arouse strong emotions, they have little immediate recall value and become cosigned to the waste bins of our memory.”(Pg289) If you think about this is significantly true it might not be to you but to me it is because all the dreams I remember are dreams that has great meaning or has some personal message connected to it. In the next part of the article Lewis starts talking about the cultures or dreams consciousness and memory. In this part Lewis talks about historic views of dreams by cultures. Most of these cultures we went over in class like the Babylon, Greece and rome. He talks about how some cultures view dreams as “providing enigmatic but translatable...
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...Lena Davis Psych 2012 Class Topics Reaction Papers Table of Contents 1. From page 155 on topic of “Sleep” 2. From page 162 topic of “ Dream” 3. From page 165 on topic of “Hypnosis” 4. From page 167 on topic of “Meditation” 5. From page 168 on topic of “Drug Use” 6. From page 227 on topic of “Constructing Memories” 7. From page 252 on topic of “Reconstructing Memories” 8. From page 257 on topic of “Forgetting” 9. From page 432 on topic of “Stress” 10. From page 438 on topic of “Positive Psychology” Sleep When we get tired our bodies are almost in a drunken state. Our eyes began to open and shut, our head bobs up and down and we feel as though we can’t go anymore. This is definitely a sign that it’s time to get some rest. Sleep is a way our bodies rejuvenate itself after a long day or night. After reading this section on “Sleep”, I now have a better understanding of what my body goes through. I could never understand why some times when I would take long naps, I would feel more tired than before I went to sleep or why some nights I would wake up in the middle of the night and be super energized. Our bodies go through a cycle of four continuous stages and depending on what stage we are in, when we wake up, may determine how our body feels. I also found out that taking a 20 -30 minute nap or “cat nap” as some may call it, is better than taking a nap for a hour or longer. Waking up in Stage 3 or 4 is your deepest sleep, where your body...
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...Dream Theories In latest one month, I clearly remember that I have a vivid dream that my mum ask me to manage my own Outbound Service Agency in USA for those Chinese people who cannot speak English to provide professional consultant services. My mother has come to America two times so that she feels America is a best place for her to live in for long time. She told me in the dream that China is not safe, for example, foods and beverages always have toxic elements, class distinction get worse those days that may cause social disturbance and so on. I have pressure of getting a position in the US, because nowadays non-citizen students outside America are difficult to find a job or get valid US. Working visa. When I wake up, I feel deeply sad that I do have pressure now after my graduation. Theory 1: Dreams Create Wisdom If we remembered every image of our waking lives, it would clog our brains. So, dreams sort through memories, to determine which ones to retain and which to lose. Matt Wilson, at MIT's Center for Learning and Memory, largely defends this view. He argues that sleep is the process through which we separate the memories worth encoding in long-term memory from those worth losing. Sleep turns a flood of daily information into what we call wisdom: the stuff that makes us smart for when we come across future decisions. I think the reason why this dream is important to me is memory. My mother always said that to me over time, so it has become a impression in my mind. ...
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...might disrupt it. 5. Know the different stages of sleeping and when dreaming occurs. 6. Know and identify sleeping disorders (i.e. sleep apnea, sleep walking, narcolepsy, night terrors) 7. Know about dream interpretation. a. Psychodynamic (Freud) – latent and manifest dream content. b. Cognitive interpretation of dreams c. Activation-synthesis interpretation of dreams 8. Know definition of drug addiction and tolerance Example questions: It is the end of the month and Cindy has several bills yet to pay, but she does not have much money left. She spends most of the day thinking how she is going to make the payments. Later, while watching TV, she finds a solution to her problem. Cindy is demonstrating: A. metacognition. B. awareness. C. controlled processing. D. incubation. Which of the following statements is true of the cognitive theory of dreaming? A. The theory rests on the idea that dreams are essentially conscious noncognitive processing. B. According to the theory, there is an essential search for the hidden, symbolic content of dreams. C. According to the theory, dreams are viewed as dramatizations of general life concerns that are similar to relaxed daydreams. D. According to the theory, very unusual aspects of dreams—such as odd activities, strange images, and sudden scene shifts—cannot be understood. Chapter 6 – Learning 1. Know the definition of learning. 2. Must be able to recognize classical conditioning and...
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...“Dreams are only thoughts you didn't have time to think about during the day.” (Unknown Author). Many researchers have found interest in the topic of dreaming and have pursued many topics in their research. There are many different components that are involved in why we dream, how to understand our dreams and the possibilities of remembering our dreams. Despite opposing viewpoints, research proves that everyone does dream and if we understand how our dreams work, then it will have a positive effect on our well-being. “There are many theories about why we dream, but no one knows for sure.” (Karriem-Norwood). The two main theories as to why we dream is, “ To represent unconscious desires and wishes [and] To consolidate and process information...
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...Theory #1 The Evolutionary Theory: We Dream to Practice Responses to Threatening Situations Ever notice that most dreams have a blood-surging urgency to them? In dreams, we often find ourselves naked in public, or being chased, or fighting an enemy, or sinking in quicksand. Antti Revonsuo, a Finnish cognitive scientist, has shown that our amygdala (the fight-or-flight piece of the brain) fires more than normal when we're in REM sleep (the time in sleep when we dream). In REM sleep, the brain fires in similar ways as it does when it's specifically threatened for survival. In addition to that, the part of the brain that practices motor activity (running, punching) fires increasingly during REM sleep, even though the limbs are still. In other words, Revonsuo and other evolutionary theorists argue that in dreams, we are actually rehearsing fight-and-flight responses, even though the legs and arms are not actually moving. They say that dreams are an evolutionary adaptation: We dream in order to rehearse behaviors of self-defense in the safety of nighttime isolation. In turn, get better at fight-or-flight in the real world. Theory #2 Dreams Create Wisdom If we remembered every image of our waking lives, it would clog our brains. So, dreams sort through memories, to determine which ones to retain and which to lose. Matt Wilson, at MIT's Center for Learning and Memory, largely defends this view. He put rats in mazes during the day, and recorded what neurons fired in what...
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...Thesis Statement: Understanding how dreams occur, how they affect our lives and what they mean help us grasp what dreams actually are. Intro: I. (Attention Getter) Have you ever dreamt that you were walking along the side of a road or along a cliff and suddenly you trip? You’re falling for what seems like forever, but before hitting the ground, you wake up? This is considered to be a falling dream, and ironically, falling dreams occur when you are falling asleep. They are usually accompanied by muscle spasms and twitches of the entire body. Although these dreams occur while we are falling asleep, they interpret a completely different meaning. Falling can mean you are insecure, you are losing grip, or you simply have fears that need to be faced. Patricia Garfield, the author of Creative Dreaming states: “there is some problem that is making you feel helpless like you have no support, so next time when you wake up startled from a falling dream, ask yourself what upcoming events do I fear I will fail?” II. (Introduce Topic) Since the beginning of time, people have been trying to understand the different functions of the human body, how we move, talk, and even act. Many of these physiological behaviors have been explained to some extent. However, one area of the human body that has baffled researchers, is that of the mind. Many things that go on inside the mind that don’t make sense, and serves no real explanation as to why or how things happen. One of the most fascinating...
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...With that in mind PTSD is put into two different categories. They would be direct exposure and indirect exposure to an event. Direct events would be first hand experiences but the person. A point in time that the person felt significant risk of life and limb. An indirect traumatic event would be if an individual would witness a traumatic event. The mind has the same kind of defense mechanism. This is used to cope with severe mental trauma or mental stress. When a person goes through extremely powerful mental trauma that the mind cannot deal with the pain many things happen. One of those things is PTSD or post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. This report will look at this disorder from a biblical point of view using the lives of many people. Dreams The dilemma is what PTSD victims deal with frequently. PTSD is a reaction to some kind of stressor but definition. “PTSD is a disorder that has to do with the experiencing, witnessing, or confrontation with any event(s) that involved serious injury, death, or any threat to the physical wellbeing of that person or others” (Friedman, 755). The after effects of dealing with harmful situations....
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...psychologists such as Karl Marx, C.G. Jung, and Sigmund Freud and uses them to create characterization, themes, plot, and symbolism. An important point many notice when reading this book is that the plot is split into two plot lines: Hard-Boiled Wonderland and The End of the World. Wonderland is set in a modern-esque Tokyo, where the narrator is a Calcutec - a data manager that shuffles data in his head. In this arc, the story revolves around the job the narrator is doing for an old man known simply as the Professor. The other story arc, The End of the World, revolves around a narrator known as the Dreamreader. He is trapped in a walled-in town, where he is told his shadow must be removed and that he cannot leave. He is then made to read dreams from the skulls of unicorns, which live outside the town wall. While the story arcs seem to not connect to each other, the narrator in Wonderland finds out that The End of the World is actually a mental construct put in his head by the Professor when he became a calcutec. It is said that “the black box is the subconscious”(Murakami, 255), and it contains the End of the World. The Professor says the reason it works is because “No two human beings are alike; it’s a question of identity...no two human...
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...Some believe that dreams last only an instant however research has been able to prove they run on real time. Some people say they have no dreams at all yet have reported them when being woke up during REM sleep. Some believe that penile erections are indicative of sexual dreams but even infant have this occurrence. Many believe that sleepwalking and talking happen during REM sleep but in reality it can occur at any stage, especially not during REM since core muscles are in a relaxed state. (Pinel, 2014) Freud thought that that by understanding people and dealing with their psychological problems was founded in the meaning of their latent dreams. Hobson’s activation-synthesis theory is the most recent dream theory as it bases itself on content reflecting the cerebral cortex with regards to the signals it receives from the brain stem during REM...
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...mile a minute. Five minutes after this dream about half of its content is forgotten and in 10 minutes 90% of it is gone. According to the New York time study done on October 20, 2013 by Gary Matter you spend about 6 years of your life dreaming. That’s more then 2100 days spent in a different realm. So today, lets look at how dreams really do occur, the part of your sleep cycle that dreams occur in and lastly different types of dreams. Transition: So where do dreams really start? Body I. REM Sleep A. Rapid eye movement sleep, the part of your sleep cycle charactized by rapid and random eye movement B. Occurs in the cycle for about 90-120 minutes throughout the night 1. REM sleep dominates the latter half of the sleep cycle 2. Five minutes after you wake up half of your dream is forgotten and 10 minutes 90% of it is gone. C. The eye movements may relate to internal visual images of the dreams that occurs during this stage of sleep 3. Associated with the brain wave spikes in the regions of the brain that is involved with vision 4. Studies have shown that your brain waves are more active when you are dreaming than when we are awake. D. Majority of dreams happen in the REM Sleep 5. the most memorable and vivid dreams 6. muscular atonia that accompanies the protection of us from self-damage which could occur while physically acting out these vivid dreams E. Stage 5 - REM - breathing...
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