...Introduction to Information Technology - Organizational Systems Wal-Mart is one of the largest retailers in the world based out of the United States with locations in other countries as well. Running an organization the size of Wal-Mart is a humongous task that requires reliance on heavy duty IT systems. Some of the biggest IT systems Wal-Mart uses include a Transaction Processing System, Management Information System, and Decision Support System. Its Transaction Processing System makes all routine daily tasks automated using raw data as its input. It then summarizes, records, and synchronizes this data. It uses a universal product code to ensure accurate pricing, improve efficiency, reduce shrinkage, and enhance communication amongst different channels. The TPS uses a satellite system and electronic scanning of UPC (uniform product code) at the POS or point of scanning (Fishman, 2006). The Management Information System or MIS uses data collected from the TPS by creating performance and evaluation reports used by middle management. These are usually used to explain, and assess information collected for financial purposes and evaluations. The other major IT system Wal-Mart uses is a DSS or a Decision Support System which is used primarily by executive management. Ever since Wal-Mart started using DSS, its profits and customer satisfaction ratings rose dramatically. Its DSS is also commonly known as a data warehouse, a digital hub where its entire customer related information...
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...TOPic: DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW AND ITS ROLE IN BUSINESS Introduction A decision support system (DSS) is a computer-based information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance. Typical information that a decision support application might gather and present are: * Inventories of information assets (including legacy and relational data sources, cubes, data warehouses, and data marts), * Comparative sales figures between one period and the next, * Projected revenue figures based on product sales assumptions. Making decisions concerning complex systems (e.g., the management of organizational operations, industrial processes, or investment portfolios; the command and control of military units; or the control of nuclear power plants) often strains our cognitive capabilities. Even though individual interactions among a system's variables may be well understood, predicting how the system will react to an external manipulation such as a policy decision is often difficult. What will be, for example, the effect of introducing the third shift on a factory floor? One might expect that this will increase the plant's output by roughly 50 percent. Factors such as additional wages, machine weardown, maintenance breaks, raw material usage, supply logistics, and...
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...Chapter 2 IT Infrastructure and Support Systems IT at Work IT at Work 2.1 Western Petro Controls Costs with its Trade Management System For Further Exploration: Which processes are being automated and why? PetroMan is a comprehensive trading system that triggers buying and selling activities and integrates contract management, risk management, accounting, and pipeline scheduler. Using the PetroMan, the company can place bids and automatically capture a contract for refined products; and schedule and confirm deliveries in pipelines. PetroMan also handles the resale of fuels, including electronic invoicing and a credit module that checks and tracks a customer’s credit risk. This tracking is done by hedging large purchasing contracts by selling futures on the New York Mercantile (Commodities) Exchange. By hedging, the company protects itself against the risk of a large drop in oil prices. The software is plugged directly into the primary commodity exchanges--automating the process. Why is controlling risk important? By hedging, the company protects itself against the risk of a large drop in oil prices. The software is plugged directly into the primary commodity exchanges--automating the process. Does PetroMan provide Western Petro with a competitive advantage? Explain. Competitive advantage is defined as the strategic advantage one business entity has over its rival entities within its competitive industry. Achieving Competitive Advantage strengthens and positions...
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...gathered from different operational databases and used to create business intelligence that supports decision making tasks and business analysis activities. Walmart is known for having the biggest data warehouse used, which is larger then 4 Petabytes. Wal-Mart is very secretive about their data warehouse. After achieving a major milestone Teradata, Wal-Mart’s data warehouse supplier, was given permission to announce a few shallow facts about Wal-Mart’s data warehouse. • Wal-Mart has indeed the world’s largest, non military, database with a size of one-half a petabyte. • It is the world’s largest data warehouse Wal-Mart keeps track of 100 million customers buying billions of products every week. Using this data allows Wal-Mart to achieve Always Low Prices. It is the data warehouse that enabled Wal-Mart to become one of the 15 most profitable companies in the world. Let’s look at some sales questions Wal-Mart’s data warehouse has to answer: • How much orange juice did we sell last year, last month, last week in store X? • Comparing sales data of orange juice in various stores? • What internal factors (position in store, advertising campaigns...) in- fluence orange juice sales? • What external factors (weather...) influence orange juice sales? • Who bought orange juice last year, last month, last week? A data warehouse really is a Decision Support System (DSS). Providing the data to support business decisions is hole point of a data warehouse. A data warehouse coming from the IT...
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...Systems Media Table: Comparison Using this table, prepare and submit a 30 - 50 word response in each box that describes the purposes for each system, and gives examples and uses for each system. In addition, prepare and submit an APA-formatted reference page with at least five references. |System |Purposes |Examples |Uses | |Word processor |Word Processors are systems that are used |Some examples of the word processors |Word processors are used | | |to create documents. It is a software |available are Microsoft Word, |in the creation of | | |program capable of creating, storing, and |WordPerfect, Lotus Word-Pro, Open |documents such as | | |printing documents. These programs give the|Office Write, Ability Write, |letters, academic papers,| | |user the ability to format and edit the | |memos, or anything | | |document (Englebradt & Nelson, 2002). The | |written with text. There| | |use of creative fronts, colors and graphics| |are many templates that | | |also allows for creativity but “should not | |are available...
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...DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM AIMS TO SUPPORT BETTER BUSINESS DECISION-MAKING IN TELECOM SECTOR OF PAKISTAN Thesis Presented to the Faculty of INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY In Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Business and information technology By Muhammad Taimoor Khalid F09MB023 Contents DECLARATION 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7 Executive Summary 8 INTRODUCTION 9 Decision Support System 10 Telecommunication Sector in Pakistan 13 PROBLEM DEVELOPMENT 14 Significance of the study 15 Study Objectives 15 Research Research Query#s 15 Relevant Variables 16 Dependent variables: 16 Independent variables: 16 Research Hypothesis 16 Hypothesis # 1 16 Hypothesis # 2 16 Hypothesis # 3 17 Hypothesis # 4 17 LITERATURE REVIEW 18 “ 21 “ 21 (Business psychology and organisational behaviour 21 “ 22 “ 22 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 23 Introduction to chapter 24 Research Design: 24 Purpose of research 25 Data Processing and Analysis 25 Primary and Secondary data 25 Regression Equation 26 Comparative Analysis 28 Dss and Comapny 28 Respondent age 28 Respondent sex 29 Respondent Work Experience 29 Respondent Qualification 30 Research Query’s Analysis 31 Research Query# 1 31 Research Query# 2 31 Research Query# 3 31 Research Query# 4 32 Research...
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...Introduction to IT IT190-1402A-01 CDC and Information Systems Karissa Keller May 12, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1: Information Systems Overview 3 The CDC 3 Selection of Information System 3-4 Management Information Systems Office 4 Evaluating Surveillance Systems 4-5 Section 2: Information Systems Concepts (TBA) 5 Network Basics 5 Local Area Network and Wide Area Network: Description and Uses 5-6 CDC Network LAN or WAN 6 WI-FI and Telecommuting: Description and Issues 6-7 CDC: To Telecommute or Not 7-8 Section 3: Business Information Systems (TBA) 8 Defining MIS, TPS, DSS, and A.I. 8-10 CDC Using MIS 10 CDC Implementing TPS 10-11 CDC’s Use of DSS 11-12 CDC Implements A.I. 12-13 Section 4: System Development 13 Software System and Software Process 13-14 Waterfall Method vs. Prototype 14-15 The Phases of the Waterfall Method 15-16 Section 5: Information Systems and Society 17 History of Hacking 17 Techniques and Approaches Hackers Use 17-19 Preventive Measures for Minimizing Hacker Disruption 19-20 References 21-24 Section 1: Information Systems Overview The CDC Organizations use information systems for a multitude of reasons. Some of these reasons can be to increase the quality of healthcare and improve the overall health care industry, such as does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC is well known for collecting data on a vast spectrum...
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...With the increasing demand for up- to- date, correct and relevant information in the business world, it is crucial for each business to take advantage of breakthroughs in information technology specifically in the field of information systems. Information generated is used by decision makers to gain competitive advantage against competitors and to take advantage of opportunities to increase business performance, effectiveness and efficiency. One of the several information systems which are considered to be of the great help for managers in decision making is the decision support system. Decision Support System (DSS) combines models and data in an attempt to solve semi- structured and some unstructured problems with extensive user involvement. With correct gathering and manipulation of data, DSS can provide several alternative solutions which in turn can lead to correct decision making. Today, there are many companies adopting decision – support systems and data mining software not only in the U.S. but also in the Philippines. However, there is limited literature on companies in Iloilo City adopting this technology. For this reason, the proponents saw the need to study the process of one company in Iloilo City where this type of information system can be adopted. That company is Westvis Marketing Corporation. Westvis Marketing Corporation (WMC) was founded by Mr. Honesto Tomas Hsia on April 2011. Mr. Hsia was a former managing partner in Metrostate Consumer, Inc. (MCI). MCI’s...
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...Information Systems Proposal: True Vinyl Prepared for Sara Jones Co-Partner True Vinyl Prepared by Aimee Wales Co-Partner True Vinyl Proposal Number: TV-11.13A Introduction True Vinyl provides a true nostalgic experience to their customers. How consumers purchase music has changed over the years, from forty-fives to MP3. Many consumers are still looking for the true nostalgia of buying a vinyl record and playing it at home. Our customers want to experience their favorite albums and artists on vinyl; True Vinyl is the best choice to obtain their selections. True Vinyl will allow our customers to browse through our physical store or shop online to find the record; we will also offer in-store pick-up or safe fast shipping for our online customers. The key to our store’s success will be information systems. True Vinyl will need to utilize both computer-based forms as well as non-computer based types of information systems in order to be successful in providing excellent service and products to our customers. For True Vinyl, I propose utilizing: • Functional Area Information System for payroll this would help this business system for processing and payroll. The sales would have to be cost effective to be able to support the increase of employee’s to purchase this system. • Transaction Processing System this system would help out in sales with policies, procedures, equipment to help with point of sales. • Office Automation Systems this would help with middle...
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...Identification In a 3-year period, Hewlett-Packard (HP) brought in $500 million through the use of operations research (Turban, Sharda, Delen. (2011)). HP also generated billions of dollars from customers from around the world. The conglomerate produces thousands of laser printers, enterprise servers and storage products. As a result of the increased number of products that HP supplies, the company also undertakes additional cost associated with these new innovations. For this reason, HP experienced a decrease in revenue due to unplanned operational costs. HP has worked diligently towards meeting and exceeding customer expectations. Unfortunately, managing millions of new products lead to increased cost and inefficiency. HP recognized that its company was providing millions of choices for customer satisfaction without a high return on investment. HP’s marketing and sales departments requested more SKU’s, more features and more configurations to meet consumer interests. However the supply chain managers wanted less complexity and were interested in more predictable order cycle times. HP needed to implement a fact-based, data-driven tool to improve decision making. HP developed a team of individuals internally and externally from consultancies and universities to help with the challenges the company faced. This team developed a process for evaluating new products for introduction, created a tool for prioritizing existing products in a portfolio, and developed an algorithm...
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...Evolution of Information Systems (Relevant to AAT Examination Paper 8: Principles of Auditing and Management Information Systems) David Chow FCCA, FCPA, CPA (Practising) This article discusses the evolution of information systems, levels of management decision-making and information systems that enhance the value of information. Students are encouraged to understand the reasons for the development of an information system and its replacement; these will help you identify the benefits and limitations of each type of information system. From EDP to MIS Until the 1960s, the role of most information systems was simple. They were mainly used for electronic data processing (EDP),purposes such as transactions processing, record-keeping and accounting. EDP is often defined as the use of computers in recording, classifying, manipulating, and summarizing data. It is also called transaction processing systems (TPS), automatic data processing, or information processing. Transaction processing systems – these process data resulting from business transactions, update operational databases, and produce business documents. Examples: sales and inventory processing and accounting systems. In the 1960s, another role was added to the use of computers: the processing of data into useful informative reports. The concept of management information systems (MIS) was born. This new role focused on developing business applications that provided managerial end users with predefined management reports that...
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...Introduction to Information Systems There is a structure that comes with information systems, ones that will be beneficial to our workers and to us as business owners. I will cover both that I feel will be the most applicable to our record store. I feel that we need multiple systems that will benefit us with accessibility and understanding of the systems, The transaction processing system is the bottom part of the structure to use for the employees because it has many different unique uses. The TPS can collect, store, modify, and retrieve the transactions of an organization. It stores data in certain files that are able to be seen only by select individuals. There will be worker files only accessible by employees as well as manager and CEO files that only we can access. It offers many other useful tools such as rapid processing, batch processing, and real time processing. Management information systems are above the transaction processing system. These systems don’t deal with the day to day data in needing and operating our record store such as the TPS. The MIS provides information that is needed to organize and manage organizations efficiently and effectively. MIS involve three primary resources: people, technology and decision making. The systems main purpose is to analyze operational activities in the organization. It can show if our plans our reaching out goals and allows our managers to supervise over the TPS. I feel this next one isn’t going to be needed...
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...Management Support Systems XYZ Inc. (7 am – 8 am) Intro to BI – Business Intelligence is bringing the right information at the right time to the right people in the right format and is the framework for decision support. BI combines architecture, databases or data warehouses, analytical tools and applications. BI’s major objective is to enable easy access to data and provide business mangers with the ability to conduct analysis. BI helps to transform data, to information, to decisions and finally to action. (8am – 9am) Management Support Systems – Extends information retrieval to the end user with queries and analysis capabilities of the XYZ Inc.’s data. Decision-making tools are available to all functions of XYZ Inc. i. OLAP – Online Analytical Processing ii. CRM – Consumer Relationship Management iii. OLTP – Online Transaction Processing iv. ETL – Enterprise Resource Planning System (10am –11am) Data – Can be pulled in from each of the 5 main areas of XYZ Inc. Finance, Human Resources, Marketing, Accounting and Manufacturing will supply data to be input, cleansed and stored in a data warehouse. (11am – 12 pm) Storing Data – A database used for reporting analysis. The data stored in the warehouse is uploaded from operational systems. Information systems use the data from data warehouses / data marts. Lunch Break - (12pm-1pm) (1pm -2pm) Mining Data - The process through which previously undiscovered patterns in data were identified. Data...
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...Question 1: From an analytical prospective, explain how information systems relate to the way Zara runs its business. What types of systems are the most essential for this company in its current environment? In this new era of globalization, the using of technology has been very common and can be conclude as part of human’s life. In order to survive in today’s challenging business world, every organization has to be confronted with highly competitive pressure to bring out more effectiveness and efficiency when running a business. This case study is about Zara, large international fashion company which known as one of the survivors by successfully overcome the business pressure by implementing new technology system. Zara is known as one of the largest international fashion companies which belong to Inditex, one of the world’s largest distribution groups. This clothing retail group headquartered their first store which located at La Coruna, Spain. By having 531 stores located in 45 countries, Zara carry out their business model by using information system to generate design, production and distribution service through retail network. From production till distribution, Zara choose to manage the entire process by itself because they believe is more efficient and profitable by doing so. It also helps Zara to penetrate fashion trend faster compare to other competitors. Today, Zara works towards their mission by contribute to the sustainable development of society and that of...
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...Proposal Retia Peyer University of Phoenix Introduction to computer application and systems BIS/220-LRBS George Griepp May 05, 2014 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………..……………………………………………3 Information Systems……………………………………………………………………3 Proposal….……………………………………………………………………………...4 Table 1….……………………………………………………………………………….5 References…………………………………………………………………………..…..6 Business Proposal Information systems vary according to their specific purpose. Generally, there are five types of information systems. Each system serves a specific task several systems overlap in their capacities. The different types of systems will be briefly explained along with how they will benefit the business we are about to open. The five types of information systems are as follows: 1) Office Information System also referred to as an OIS this system uses hardware (computers), software (programs) and networks (a server of to link all the computers to a common modem) to tie together many aspects of the office, such as using email, sending faxes, using electronic data interchange (EDI) to exchange data with other businesses or departments within the company (http://bisom.uncc.edu/courses /info 2130/Topics/istypes.htm). 2) Transaction Processing Systems also referred to as TPS this system uses data from day to day transactions and are usually used by clerical staff. Examples of this type of system could be useful for accounts payable, accounts receivable, and payroll departments...
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