...Flagellation Due to the confusion of why people choose to self-harm, as shown in a part of “The DaVinci Code,” I chose to create a panel based on the reasoning and backstory of flagellation in Catholicism that still occurs today. Flagellation is the act of flogging or beating oneself as a religious discipline and dates back to the era of God and his disciples. Flagellation used to be a normal part of religious society practiced daily by devoted disciples, friars, priests, and additional followers. Being looked down upon once society progressed and created more rules and standards against violence in the community, flagellation became a practice by an individual in secret. People who flagellated themselves believed that in whipping their own bodies, they were whipping out the evil spirits that had ever tempted them or rid them of the actions that they believed were disapproved by God. Whippings were also performed as a ceremony as rites of initiation into the Catholic society, as purification for those whole needed retribution, and proved their devotion to God by demonstrating they were willing to suffer just as Jesus did. While many Catholics performed flagellation, it became a process that people deemed unnecessary in order to prove their devotion to God. By focusing on flagellation, people can understand the extremities of religious belief and can acknowledge that even though flagellation is not practiced to the extent that it was during the disciple era, it still is a morbid...
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...Opus Dei Mafia Católica El Opus Dei es considerada como Mafia Católica por las siguientes razones: * El opus Dei es una de las organizaciones más secretas e influyentes de la Iglesia Católica, es señalada y calificada como Santa Mafia y secta por sus lazos con el Franquismo ( periodo 1936-1939) y dictaduras Latinoamericanas (Agusto Pinochet 1972). * El Opus Dei tuvo como creador de su Organización al Padre Escriva quien fue internado por problemas Psiquiatricos. Fue durante la guerra Civil que se designo a muchos miembros del Opus Dei como miembros del régimen, con ideología Capitalista- liberal. * El líder del Opus Dei Escrivá estuvo internado como paciente psiquiátrico por cinco meses en un manicomio para escapar de la persecución. Siendo el Opus De (OD) una secta que practica los fraudes, explicaron esto de esta forma, porque aceptar la locura de Escrivá sería vergonzoso para ellos. * Se señala al Opus Dei como la Organización dentro Iglesia, que mantiene el control de Vaticano, esto explicado por los préstamos realizados al Banco del Vaticano (acusado de paraíso fiscal). * El Opus Dei cuenta con poderes políticos económicos, militares, algunos miembros forman parte de parlamentos dentro de los países en los que cuenta son sedes, entre los cuales se encuentra Perù donde tuvieron gran influencia con la dictadura fujimontesinista, encabezados por el cardenal Cipriani. * Se señala que La característica secreta del Opus Dei les hace negar...
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...themselves. Some of the ancient civilisation include but not limited to the Roman, Greek, Egyptian, Chinese , Indian and Muslim. Usually house of worships or palaces were used as the repository for the ancient people to keep their extra wealth. These repository also provide ‘loan’ such as grain seed for farmers to plant and usually need to repay back with interest after the subsequent harvest season. Mediaeval Europe also saw the proliferation of banking system or banks. Country like Italy, in her rich cities such as Genoa, Venice and Florence, seen wealthy merchants set up ‘banks’ to facilitate its vibrant trading activities. Such bank included Medici Bank, established by Giovani Medici in 1397. The oldest bank in Italy, Monte Dei Paschi de Siena still operating with headquarter in Siena, Italy and it was formed way back in 1472. The emergence of modern banking system can be traced back to the 17th century of England. This is including what we always been told ie ‘fractional banking system’. During the 17th century, wealthy merchants will keep their precious metal such as gold and silver with their locksmith which having vaults for these metal. The locksmiths will issue receipts certifying the quantity and purity of the metals. The receipts cannot be assigned, meaning the actual owner can only redeem the metals. As time goes by, the locksmiths allowed the receipts to be redeemed by third part as when the merchants trade and the receipts formed part of the...
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...LIBERTY UNIVERSITY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY Submitted to Dr. David Campbell Summer 2014 GLST 500-D07 LUO Theology of Missions by Bryan Fletcher July 13, 2014 Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. 1 Old and New Testament Missions....................................................................... 1 Nature of God in Missions................................................................................... 5 Mission Theology………..……………………………………………………... 5 Key Themes of Mission Theology………...…………………………………… 6 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………… 7 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………….. 8 Introduction Missions are something we hear about all the time. Whether it is in Church or on the radio, we as Christians know how important Missions are to furthering the Kingdom of God. Some are much more involved than others, but it is something we all should have at the forefront of our thoughts and prayers. Whether you are called to go into mission work yourself or to just support it financially or through prayer, we all play a significant part in fulfilling the great commission. The scriptures have plenty to say about missions and this paper will just touch on the surface of what the theology of missions is all about. Old & New Testament Missions We see that starting in Genesis, missions have remained the same throughout history. God is the one who first established missions: He speaks, He acts, and He sends. Thousands...
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...Liberty Theological Seminary Theology of Missions A Paper Submitted To Dr. Edward Smither In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Course GLST 500 Submitted By David A Barton April 8, 2012 Table of Contents Introduction 2 Old Testament 2 New Testament 3 The Nature of God and Missio Dei 3 Mission Theology and Christology 4 Mission Theology and Ecclesiology 5 Motifs: Jesus and the Holy Spirit 6 Mission Theology and the Missionary 7 Mission Theology and the Church Leader 8 Mission Theology and the Lay Person 8 Bibliography 9 Introduction Mission is something that we are all called to do to some degree. Mission is echoed throughout the Old Testament and exemplified in the New Testament. It is a literal manifestation of the nature and character of God. All of theology demands the need for the Great Commission and the work of the Missionary. There are many motifs that are inherent in Mission Theology that determine how the work is done. Finally, how does this practically relate to the missionary, the leaders of the local church, and finally, the layperson who may never leave his or her own culture or country? Missions are for all believers, even if the only thing one ever does is pray. Old Testament In Genesis 12:1-3 one reads,” The Lord had said to Abram, “Leave your country, your people and your father’s household and go to the land I will show you. “I will make you a great...
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...urgent than some. Mission is, “what it’s all about. With that said, this paper will visit the Old and New Testament in relations to missions, how the nature of God is reflected in missions, how mission theology relates to other aspects of theology, key motifs found in missions theology, as well as how missions relates to missionaries, church leaders and lay people. Old Testament and New Testament Texts Related to Mission In the beginning God created heaven and the earth. (Genesis 1:1KJV) He was on a mission to form the world and when he created mankind, they are to worship and serve Him as a sovereign in His kingdom. The Bible alone proves that missions weren’t an afterthought to God, but rather an intentional providential. The term “Missio Dei” (the sending of God), tells us that mission began with God upon fall of man. God seek out to rescue his prized possession to provide redemption and promises to the rebellious man (Genesis...
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...Study of God.1 The theology of missions is a disciplined study of the nature of God, creation of the world, the church, and the interactions of these three.2 Having an interest in missions came from being in a missions minded church. We have had many “go out” from our parish over the years. This paper is an attempt to show how mission theology relates to Scripture and the nature of God, using other areas of theology and the church itself. There are hundreds of verses in the Bible that relate to missions, but we will be looking at only a few of them. In reading the Psalms you cannot go too far until one of them speaks of the earth praising God or bowing down to Him. The earth is the Lord’s 3 and it is His mission field, not ours.(Missio Deo) 4 1 Walter A. Elwell, Evangelical...
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...Misty Gilliland Description of the Image of God The biblical approach to describing the image of God begins in Genesis 1 (NASB) where it is written that God made man in His own image. In the creation of mankind, God purposefully distinguished humanity from the other created beings by giving each an individual identity and supplying the ability to relate to God.1 Gen. 1:26-27 clearly states the mankind was made in the image and likeness of God. Humanity is so valued by God that He put special emphasis on not committing murder and that even the blood can cry out from the ground (Gen. 4:10) from those murdered. As God is without sin and humanity was created without sin, the introduction of sin damaged the relationship mankind shared with God, but the restoration of that relationship was made possible through the death, burial, and resurrection of Christ.2 Over the course of history, the historical approach to describing the image of God resulted in various interpretations of the image and likeness of God as it pertained to humanity. Irenaeus proposed that God’s image and likeness were separate things and that the likeness of God gave mankind the ability to relate to God in righteousness. That righteousness was broken in sin, but restored in Christ as believers could come to God through Him. Calvin later argued that human nature was completely damaged by sin and Aquinas followed Irenaeus with some modification. The historical interpretations held by these men are viewed as...
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...LIBERTY UNIVERSITY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY Theology of Missions Submitted to Dr. Jeff Brawner, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of the course GLST 500 – D08 Global Studies Survey By Boyd Ouden November 29, 2015 Contents Old Testament and New Testament Texts Related to Missions 3 How God Relates to the Mission field 5 Themes and Patterns of Mission Theology 5 Understanding God through Suffering 5 Evangelizing in the Midst of Suffering 5 Testimonials through Suffering 5 Saving lives through suffering 5 Purpose of Suffering 6 Conclusion 8 Bibliography 10 Old Testament and New Testament Texts Related to Missions As we look at the theology of missions we must start with the Word of God. “Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you; and loo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age. Amen.” (Matt 28:19-20) This is “The Great Commission” from the Bible calling man to the mission arena. While we see evidence of the mission filed throughout the Old Testament it is in the New Testament where the call and instructions and encouragement come to light. The first scripture that addressed the mission mandate was Genesis 12:1-4 when God told Abraham to father a nation. This became the basis for mission work in the Old and New Testament...
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...THEOLOGY OF MISSIONS PAPER INTRODUCTION At the beginning of time, the pinnacle of God’s creation was man. From man God created woman, and they were sinless and called “very good.” Adam and Eve’s purpose was to have dominion over the earth and to multiply. They were given the ability to choose to follow God’s plan or their own lusts, which is a test they failed. Sin entered the world because of their failure to obey God, Adam and Eve were no longer considered pure, resulting in their separation from God. The sin curse exists today in every human because people are the seed of Adam. Separation from His creation is not what God wants. His utmost desire is for humanity to spend eternity with Him. This desire to pour out grace and mercy was demonstrated through the miraculous work of Jesus Christ on the cross, which provided redemption and restoration for sin. God’s will is for all of humanity to know this wonderful news, and it is the Christian’s responsibility to share it as stated throughout scripture. Once Christ returns, there will be no more sin and suffering. Instead Christ love will fill the earth and those who have submitted their lives to Christ will experience His joy and peace. According to John 3:17 it is God’s will for all to experience this, He wishes for none to perish. Therefore, God’s people are to preach the Gospel to all the nations until He returns. OLD TESTEMENT TEXT AS RELATED TO MISSION Some Christians disregard the Old Testament believing it is not relevant...
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...LIBERTY UNIVERSITY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY Book Review: The Great Commission to Worship Submitted to Dr. Austin Tucker / Instructor of Practical Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of EVAN525 – D20 Contemporary Evangelism by Richard Dennis November 17, 2014 In their book The Great Commission to Worship: Biblical Principles for Worship-Based Evangelism, authors David Wheeler and Vernon Whaley contribute their respective expertise in evangelism and worship in an attempt to synthesize the two categories by showing each fundamental imperative of the Christian disciple to be integral to and an outflow of the other. The impetus for evangelism par excellence is the “great commission” found in Matt 28:19-20, while the “greatest commandment” is described as providing the fundamental basis of the nature of and motivation to worship: “‘Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.’” (Matt 22:37-40, ASV) The authors argue that evangelism is a natural outflow of fulfilling the second part of Jesus’ instructions: ‘Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself…’” God is love and desires relationship with and flourishing growth for his children of “all the nations.” Therefore, we can never rightly see worship as merely something else we do. once a week. Wheeler emphatically asserts that worship is obedience in all aspects of life and part of being obedient is fulfilling God’s will that...
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...THEOLOGY OF MISSIONS PAPER Jonathan Hudgins GLST 500 September 8, 2013 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 OLD TESTAMENT MISSIONS.....................................................................................................2 NEWTESTAMENT MISSIONS.....................................................................................................4 NATURE OF GOD AND MISSSIONS..........................................................................................5 MISSIONS AND THEOLOGY......................................................................................................6 MOTIFS OF MISSION THEOLOGY............................................................................................8 CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................... 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY 11 INTRODUCTION There is evidence from the beginning of the Biblical text starting in Genesis, to the conclusion of the text with Revelation that God desires for man to fulfill His call for missions. The story of missions begins with around four thousand years ago when God calls Abraham. The Scriptures offer a clear explanation of the original calling of Abraham. God commands Abraham, “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you.” (Genesis 12:1 ESV) Genesis 12:1-3 signifies an assurance whose completion extends throughout the Scriptures, it is the original representation...
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...D.Min. Project Prospectus Sharon L. Smith I. Title: Bridging the Gap: A Pilot Project Aimed at Mutually Equipping Church and Business Leaders for Kingdom Impact II. The Context: Followers of Jesus Christ who possess a divine calling, talents, and gifts to work and serve God through specific voluntary or paid vocations in the workplace face daily opportunities to impact the Kingdom of God. When believers walk by faith and obedience in the revelation that God’s divine presence and purpose is with them daily in their work lives, God empowers them to lead change that can transform lives, businesses, and even nations. Believers clearly see this truth in the lives of Abraham, Joseph, Daniel, and Nehemiah. The Great Commission (Matt. 28) commands believers to go into all the world and preach the gospel to every person. This directive includes Holy Spirit-empowered witness in the marketplace with signs, wonders, and the gifts of the Holy Spirit in operation. As His priests (1 Pet. 2:5; Rom. 12:1-2), God calls believers ordained for the twenty-first century workplace to worship and serve Him through their actions, words, and works. God’s Word calls for excellence in whatever a person does (Col. 3:17). Fruitfulness follows when believers root biblical ethics in excellence, and practice it in relationships and business decisions. Anthropologists and missiologists are observing major global shifts causing leaders to revise their understanding of the notion of culture...
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...Acknowledgments ix Acknowledgments This book owes a great deal to the mental energy of several generations of scholars. As an undergraduate at the University of Cape Town, Francis Wilson made me aware of the importance of migrant labour and Robin Hallett inspired me, and a generation of students, to study the African past. At the School of Oriental and African Studies in London I was fortunate enough to have David Birmingham as a thesis supervisor. I hope that some of his knowledge and understanding of Lusophone Africa has found its way into this book. I owe an equal debt to Shula Marks who, over the years, has provided me with criticism and inspiration. In the United States I learnt a great deal from ]eanne Penvenne, Marcia Wright and, especially, Leroy Vail. In Switzerland I benefitted from the friendship and assistance of Laurent Monier of the IUED in Geneva, Francois Iecquier of the University of Lausanne and Mariette Ouwerhand of the dépurtement évangélrlyue (the former Swiss Mission). In South Africa, Patricia Davison of the South African Museum introduced me to material culture and made me aware of the richness of difference; the late Monica Wilson taught me the fundamentals of anthropology and Andrew Spiegel and Robert Thornton struggled to keep me abreast of changes in the discipline; Sue Newton-King and Nigel Penn brought shafts of light from the eighteenthcentury to bear on early industrialism. Charles van Onselen laid a major part of the intellectual foundations on...
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