...Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The summary equation for photosynthesis is A) 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6 O2. B) C5H12O6 + 6 O2 + sunlight → 5 CO2 + 6 H2O. C) C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + sunlight → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O. D) the same as the equation for glycolysis written in reverse. E) 6 CH2O + 5 O2 + sunlight → CO2 + 2 H2O. Answer: A Topic: Opening Essay Skill: Factual Recall 2) Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and carbon dioxide is false? A) Plants require carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make glucose. B) Burning fossil fuels release carbon dioxide that was removed from the atmosphere millions of years ago. C) Because of their short growth period and self-regeneration, willows are more viable as a source of potential power than the trees in most natural forests. D) Most of the food humans eat can be traced back to photosynthetic plants. E) Burning wood contributes more to acid rain than burning fossil fuels. Answer: E Topic: Opening Essay Skill: Factual Recall 3) What is the name given to organisms that can make their own food and the food for the biosphere? A) chemotrophs B) heterotrophs C) manufacturers D) synthesizers E) producers Answer: E Topic: 7.1 Skill: Factual Recall 4) Photoautotrophs A) make sugar by using organic raw materials. ...
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...Biology 141, Fall 2012 Exam 1 Study Questions (rev. 083112) The questions on the first hour exam will be based on those given below. Questions on the exam will be in multiple choice form, but if you can answer the questions here, you will have no trouble with the exam. [Notes: 1. These questions are meant to provoke thought and study. Do not ask the instructors or the TAs to provide you with the answers. 2. Crossed out study questions will not be use as the basis for exam questions.] 1. What is the difference between an hypothesis and a scientific Theory? Between an hypothesis and a prediction? What kinds of hypotheses are useful for scientific investigations that try to explain the natural world, and which are not? Give one or more examples of hypotheses that are and are not scientifically useful. 2. Two of the greatest unifying ideas in biology (i.e., concepts that account for and are consistent with a very large number of observations) are the Cell Theory, and the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. Most scientific Theories have two components: the pattern component and the process component. What are the two components of Cell Theory and of the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection? What are the two conditions required by the process component of evolutionary theory? 3. What is the hypothesis of Spontaneous Generation and how does Cell Theory challenge that hypothesis? In the Pasteur experiment two types of flasks were used. For each flask, what...
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...Please do not plagiarize. Only use these study questions for study purposes, and to check your own work. Answers are NOT guaranteed to be correct. Biology 141, Spring 2012 Exam 1 Study Questions The questions on the first hour exam will be based on those given below. Questions on the exam will be in multiple choice form, but if you can answer the questions here, you will have no trouble with the exam. [Notes: 1. These questions are meant to provoke thought and study. Do not ask the instructors or the TAs to provide you with the answers. 2. Crossed out study questions will not be use as the basis for exam questions.] 1. What is the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific Theory? Between a hypothesis and a prediction? What kinds of hypotheses are useful for scientific investigations that try to explain the natural world, and which are not? Give one or more examples of hypotheses that are and are not scientifically useful. The difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory is that a hypothesis is a proposed ‘theory’ and a scientific theory is theories that explain and predict any observable occurrence therefor the scientific theory is testing the hypothesis. The difference between a hypothesis and a prediction is that a hypothesis is used as an explanation to theory, and is proposed at the beginning of an experiment, while a prediction is the result of an experiment based on the hypothesis that is being tested. The kind of hypotheses’ that are...
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...MULTIPLECHOICE SECTION INSTRUCTIONS: Read all instructions carefully. Please answer all questions. Each question is worth 0.5 points. The Multiple Choice section is worth 40 points. **Do not enter your answers here.** Type in the letter you select as the best answer on the Answer Sheet provided by your instructor. 1. Which of these would be a valid hypothesis? A) Human history is determined by a series of supernatural events. B) Humans should help in the conservation of other animal species. C) Humans are controlled by forces beyond our understanding. D) Humans and bacteria share a common genetic code. 2. In the scientific method, a hypothesis . E) is a statement of fact F) can only be tested once G) is usually proven to be correct H) is a proposed explanation based on observations I) none of the above 3. What is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method? I. State the problem II. Analyze and interpret the data III. Share the results with other scientists IV. Develop a hypothesis V. Design and perform an experiment to test the hypothesis A) I → II → III → IV → V B) III → I → V → II → IV C) V →IV → III → II → I D) I → IV → V → II → III E) V → II → I → III → IV 4. To test a hypothesis about a given variable, experimental and control groups are tested in parallel. Which of the following best explains the dual experiments...
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...Grace Knight Bio Essay Questions 1. A carboxylic acid is a compound that consists of a carboxyl colony. Amines are compounds and working masses that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a single pair. A hydroxy or hydroxyl group is the entity with the formula OH. It basically includes hydrogen bonded with oxygen. 2. Cells are considered the smallest units of life because everything is made up of them. They are also referred to as the building blocks of life. 3. If an organism is active sexual reproduction, they are prone to contain more genetic variation. This is because they are putting together their sex cells with the sex cells of a different organism with various traits. 4. RNA polymerase connects to the DNA piece at a certain group of the gene referred to as a promoter, and then, un tangles and detaches the two pieces of DNA. It then Utilizes one of the DNA pieces as a map. Next it puts together new nucleotides with their so called “siblings” on the DNA piece, then it puts these new RNA nucleotides near each other to form a close version of the DNA piece (mRNA). Finally it halts when it comes across a stop sequence of bases....
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...Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell) Chapter 1 Introduction: The Scientific Study of Life 1) Which of the following statements about the leopard is false? A) Leopards are the largest cat in the genus Panthera. B) Leopards, like lions, can roar. C) Leopards prefer to eat their kill in trees. D) Leopards are well-adapted for nocturnal hunting. E) Leopards are normally solitary animals. Answer: A Topic: Opening Essay Skill: Factual Recall 2) Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy as it increases in complexity? A) ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, tissue B) cell, molecule, organ system, organ, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem, community C) organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, community, cell, ecosystem, molecule D) molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem E) ecosystem, molecule, cell, tissue, organism, organ system, organ, community Answer: D Topic: 1.1 Skill: Factual Recall 3) What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system? A) The tissue level of organization is more inclusive than the organ system level. B) Tissues are not composed of cells; organ systems are composed of cells...
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...Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell) Chapter 1 Introduction: The Scientific Study of Life 1) Which of the following statements about the leopard is false? A) Leopards are the largest cat in the genus Panthera. B) Leopards, like lions, can roar. C) Leopards prefer to eat their kill in trees. D) Leopards are well-adapted for nocturnal hunting. E) Leopards are normally solitary animals. Answer: A Topic: Opening Essay Skill: Factual Recall 2) Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy as it increases in complexity? A) ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, tissue B) cell, molecule, organ system, organ, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem, community C) organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, community, cell, ecosystem, molecule D) molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem E) ecosystem, molecule, cell, tissue, organism, organ system, organ, community Answer: D Topic: 1.1 Skill: Factual Recall 3) What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system? A) The tissue level of organization is more inclusive than the organ system level. B) Tissues are not composed of cells; organ systems are composed of cells. ...
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...“The longer you live the longer you should live” –Wiley “Evolution’s a bitch” –Wiley “Suckers are good to eat” –Wiley WHAT HAS EVOLUTION DONE FOR ME What has evolution done for me • Agricultural crops and animal breeding for the past 8,000 years • With the discovery of methods to reconstruct evolutionary relationships there is been a vast increase in the relevance of evolutionary biology to human society. Reconstructing Phylogenies • 1859-1950- No coherent empirical methods • 1950-1966- Emergence of Phylogenetic Systematics • Phylogeny by discovery of the order of evolutionary innovation Ribotyping • Fingerprinting or sequencing RNA • Many diseases have unknown causes • However, diseased tissues can be ribotyped. (Wiley Death Fish) • This process involves extracting DNA from diseased tissues and then sequencing the DNA that codes for rRNA. • If a disease agent such as a bacteria is present, then we will get ribosomal DNA sequences from the host (you) and the bacteria (the infection agent). Ribotyping: Phylogeny matching • Once we have the rDNA sequences, we can plug them into a sequence matrix of all life and see where our unknowns appear on the tree of life. Our Food Chain • Some products are easy to identify, but others are not. • A slab of fish fillet from a sea bass looks like a slab of sih fillet from a farmed Asian catfish. • But the sea bass costs $10/pound while the Asian catfish...
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...Biology 119, Spring 2015 Review sheet for Exam 1 The exam is worth 100 points total. It will consist of approximately 47 multiple-choice questions worth 2 point each and 3-4 short essay questions. Bring a scantron and pencil to the exam. The best way to study is to review the posted lecture notes. I suggest printing of a blank copy and filling them in referring to your book and notes as little as possible. Continue this process until you can fill them in without assistance. Exam 1 will cover chapters 1-3 and 6. 1. How long have microbes been on the planet? How has this affected the evolution of more complex species? a. Microorganisms are the foundation for all life on earth b. They have existed on this planet for about 3.5 billion years c. Over time plants, animals, and modern microorganisms evolved from them 2. Describe some of the negative impacts of microbes. d. Disease epidemics- an infectious disease that affects large numbers of people in a given area e. Chronic disease caused by bacteria i. Many disease once thought caused by environmental stressors actually caused by bacteria 1. Example: gastric ulcers a. Causative agent – Helicobacter pylori f. Examples: ii. Black Plague (Yersinia pestis bacterium)- killed 25 million Europeans between 1346-1350 iii. Influenza 1918-1919 killed more than all the wars combined iv. Cholera-vibrio cholerae ...
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...up of molecules which are nucleic acid, lipids, carbohydrates, and protein. Cells are divided into two major categories that are eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell. Eukaryotic cells include plant and animal cells whereas prokaryotic cells include bacteria and algae. Both cells have plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA and ribosomes. The major difference between these two cells are eukaryotic cells contains nucleus however prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Prokaryotic cells lack some of the membrane bound organelles. In the other hand, a eukaryotic cell consist of many cell organelles including ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria in animal cells and chloroplast in plant cells. Each of these membrane-bound organelles performs major functions. However in this essay, we would be focusing more about the ribosomes structure and function. We would also be discussing the diseases caused as a result of the dysfunction of a ribosome. Ribosomes are composed of nucleic acids and proteins and plays an important role in protein synthesis. Translation and linkage of amino acid are the key steps for the protein synthesis. Ribosomes consists of two subunits which are 1) large and 2) small subunits. Eukaryotic cells have 80s ribosomes having small (40s) and large (60s) subunit whereas prokaryotic cells have 70s ribosomes having small (30s) and large (50s) subunits. These subunits are made of rRNA molecules and proteins. These subunits links together...
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...Session 1.3: The Evolution of Cellular Life Exam review view in a separate window In this session we focus on the natural history of cells and the evolutionary timelines of their appearance. The modern phylogenetic classification of domains is used to categorize the different types of cells: bacteria, archea, and eukarya. The names of periods and organisms and certain dates are often helpful in remembering or understanding events that occur in the natural history of evolution. However, we do not expect you to know the names of all organisms mentioned nor all dates (you may find some of the sound attachments on complicated figures useful for review). Those names and dates mentioned below are the ones to key on. The focus in this session is macroevolution which looks broadly at the time lines and changes over long intervals of time. Remember that small changes over millions of years are the framework for evolving complexity from simplicity. Summary of concepts and idea An initial step in covering this material is an understanding of the different types of cells (prokaryotic, eukaryotic animal and plant), their differences, and their place in the phylogeny of life. 1. Information from pre-class reading, Bioflix animations and briefly summarized in class discusses the fundamental components of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. You need to know the differences and understand the basic functions of the cellular components as cells as they are the fundamental...
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...Naturwissenschaften (2004) 91:255–276 DOI 10.1007/s00114-004-0515-y REVIEW Ulrich Kutschera · Karl J. Niklas The modern theory of biological evolution: an expanded synthesis Published online: 17 March 2004 Springer-Verlag 2004 Abstract In 1858, two naturalists, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace, independently proposed natural selection as the basic mechanism responsible for the origin of new phenotypic variants and, ultimately, new species. A large body of evidence for this hypothesis was published in Darwin’s Origin of Species one year later, the appearance of which provoked other leading scientists like August Weismann to adopt and amplify Darwin’s perspective. Weismann’s neo-Darwinian theory of evolution was further elaborated, most notably in a series of books by Theodosius Dobzhansky, Ernst Mayr, Julian Huxley and others. In this article we first summarize the history of life on Earth and provide recent evidence demonstrating that Darwin’s dilemma (the apparent missing Precambrian record of life) has been resolved. Next, the historical development and structure of the “modern synthesis” is described within the context of the following topics: paleobiology and rates of evolution, mass extinctions and species selection, macroevolution and punctuated equilibrium, sexual reproduction and recombination, sexual selection and altruism, endosymbiosis and eukaryotic cell evolution, evolutionary developmental biology, phenotypic plasticity, epigenetic inheritance and...
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...Course Hero has millions of student submitted documents similar to the one below including study guides, practice problems, reference materials, practice exams, textbook help and tutor support. 4 Chapter PLANNING BUSINESS MESSAGES Multiple Choice 1. The three primary steps involved in preparing a business message are a. planning, writing, and completing. b. informing, persuading, and collaborating. c. defining the purpose, the main idea, and the topic. d. satisfying the audience's informational, motivational, and practical needs. ANSWER: a; DIFFICULTY: easy; PAGE: 90; TYPE: concept 2. In developing business messages, the stage during which you step back to see whether you have expressed your ideas clearly is the a. planning stage. b. writing stage. c. completing stage. d. feedback stage. ANSWER: c; DIFFICULTY: moderate; PAGE: 91; TYPE: concept 3. In preparing business messages, you should devote about ______ percent of your time to planning. a. 10 b. 20 c. 50 d. 70 ANSWER: c; DIFFICULTY: moderate; PAGE: 91; TYPE: concept 4. Which of the following is not a general purpose common to business communication? a. To inform b. To persuade c. To negotiate d. To collaborate ANSWER: c; DIFFICULTY: moderate; PAGE: 92; TYPE: concept 5. An example of a specific purpose for a business message would be a. to impart information to the audience. b. to inform employees about the new vacation policy. c. to persuade readers to take an action. d. to obtain audience participation and collaboration...
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...CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination CAPE ® BIOLOGY SYLLABUS Effective for examinations from May/June 2008 CXC A10/U2/07 Published by the Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I. Telephone: (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972 E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2007, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB14038, Barbados CXC A10/U2/07 ii Contents RATIONALE.....................................................................................................................................................1 AIMS ..................................................................................................................................................................1 SKILLS AND ABILITIES TO BE ASSESSED ...............................................................................................2 PRE-REQUISITES OF THE SYLLABUS .......................................................................................................5 STRUCTURE...
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...National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement LIFE SCIENCES Further Education and Training Phase Grades 10-12 basic education Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA CurriCulum and assessment PoliCy statement Grades 10-12 life sCienCes CAPS LIFE SCIENCES GRADES 10-12 department of Basic education 222 Struben Street Private Bag X895 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: +27 12 357 3000 Fax: +27 12 323 0601 120 Plein Street Private Bag X9023 Cape Town 8000 South Africa Tel: +27 21 465 1701 Fax: +27 21 461 8110 Website: http://www.education.gov.za © 2011 department of Basic education isBn: 978-1-4315-0578-4 Design and Layout by: Ndabase Printing Solution Printed by: Government Printing Works CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT POLICY STATEMENT (CAPS) LIFE SCIENCES GRADES 10-12 FOREWORD by thE ministER Our national curriculum is the culmination of our efforts over a period of seventeen years to transform the curriculum bequeathed to us by apartheid. From the start of democracy we have built our curriculum on the values that inspired our Constitution (Act 108 of 1996). the Preamble to the Constitution states that the aims of the Constitution are to: • heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic values, social justice and fundamental human rights; improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person; lay the foundations for a democratic and open society in which...
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