...Parul Institute of Engineering & Technology Mechanical Engineering A PROJECT REPORT ON “DIE CASTING” SUBMITTED BY: Shrimali Yagnesh (05 ME 114) Patel Dixit (05 ME 87) GUIDED BY: Professor Adil Khan DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL Murajmalani Lalit (06 ME 79) Parul Institute of Engineering & Technology Mechanical Engineering ACADEMIC YEAR-20009-2010 CERTIFICATE TO WHOM SO EVER IT MAY CONCERN This is to certify that following students of B.E.8th Semester (Mechanical Engineering) have satisfactorily completed their project on “DIE CASTING” Sr. No 01 02 03 Name of Student Shrimali Yagnesh Dixit Patel Murajmalani Lalit Roll No. 05 ME 114 05 ME 87 06 ME 79 Guided By: Adil Khan Lecturer (Mechanical Engg.) Prof. Hitesh Bhargav H.O.D (Mechanical Engg.) PARUL INSTITTUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY P.O. Limda, Ta: Waghodia, Dist: Vadodara CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION HISTORY: □ Casting or founding is one of the oldest manufacturing processes which date back to approximately 4000 B.C. □ The manufacture and use of castings can be traced both in ancient and modern history. □ The first foundry centre came into existence in the China. □ Earliear to that founding was an Art and a craft with all its secrets confined to certain families. □ The middle part of the 20th century saw marked developments in founding. Newer techniques came into existence, the casting phenome none could be understood better, more and more young men took intrest...
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...2013-14 Advanced Environmental Technologies 2013-14 Holly Cross Athletic Facility Decontamination Analysis Cleaning vs. Disinfecting Introduction Cleaning and disinfecting of public transportation is a matter of technique, coupled with the proper cleaning agents. To insure that cross contamination of harmful microbes does not occur, certain steps need to be followed to take cleanliness down to the microscopic level, where the cause of the problem actually originates. Current practices of popular cleaners often instruct the user to spray on, wait 30 seconds, and wipe. They also do little to stop cross contamination as the user moves from one container to the next. For containers, airplanes, and intermodal vehicles that go all over the world, the simple act of “cleaning” with a less powerful agent could actually be the cause of a disease jumping from one country to the next. The current practices of using alcohol-based Simple Green, or similar products, instead of the more powerful chlorine dioxide could be a legal problem due to the to the lack of disinfecting properties required by insurance and governing policies. School buses play a major role in the intermodal world we live in. The public transportation network moves millions of people around the world in vehicles that are prime targets for the growth of microbials such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. About Microbes within Athletic Facilities Microbial populations of viruses, bacteria, and fungi are among...
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...concrete deterioration and accelerated rebar corrosion, basement dampness can ruin expensive electrical and mechanical equipments, which are often located in basement space; can increase maintenance requirements through frequent repainting or cleaning to combat mould growth; and can make affected areas uninhabitable or even unusable due to poor air quality. In selective problem areas, the usual approach to the treatment of water intrusion problems is to 'trench and drain', in other words, to excavate and expose the wall area and the base of the foundation, to replace waterproofing on the wall surface, and to install a drain tile system around the building or affected area. Other areas, such as floors, are untreatable using conventional methods. Electro-osmotic pulse (EOP) technology offers an alternative solution that can mitigate some water-related problems from the interior of affected areas without the cost of excavation. Further, by lessening water seepage through concrete walls and floors, indoor humidity is reduced, thereby alleviating corrosion damage to mechanical equipment, lessening mould problems, and enhancing indoor air quality. 1.2 Electro-Osmotic Flow If ions of one sign are preferentially adsorbed at a solid solution interface, a net charge or electric potential difference develops across the interface. This phenomenon is referred to as electro osmosis. It was found that when a potential difference is applied to electrodes immersed into an electrolyte...
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...1 cyclopentane Proteins Primary structure AA sequence Secondary 3D shape resulting from hydrogen bonding btwn amino and carboxyl group. Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets Tertiary Hydrogen bonding btwn R groups Ionic bonding btwn R groups Hydrophobic and hydrophilic effects Disulfide bonds btwn Cysteine Quaternary Multiple tertiary structures come together. H-bond, disulfide bond, hydrophilic/phobic interactions Nucleic acids Polymer of what? nucleotides Parts of DNA Nitrogen base, 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group Structure 1' attached to base, 5' attached to phosphate group, 3' attached to another nucleotide, antiparallel Base types & number of H-bonds A-G: Purine - two rings C-T: Pyrimidine - one ring C-G: 3 h-bonds A-T: 2 h-bonds RNA vs DNA 2' extra OH in RNA; Single stranded; U instead of T Chemical reactions in metabolic processes Breakdown/synthesis of products is called Catabolism/anabolism(synthesis) ************************************* CELLS ************************************* Structure and functions of cell Basic...
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...At this time, unfortunately, a convergence in terminology has not been forthcoming and, hence, a definition of the term Micro-Machining to be implied in the context of this assessment is in order. In principle, one may take two viewpoints:(1) The first viewpoint may define Micro-Machining as the collection of all cutting operations that are performed on micro/meso-scale components and products that fall into the 100 μm to 10,000 μm size range as shown in the figure below. The Micro-Machining regime is characterized by the requirement of producing high accuracy complex geometric features in a wide variety of materials in the above-defined size range. These requirements impose the use of considerably downsized tooling (micro-tools, e.g. endmills in the 50 to 500 micron diameter range), small undeformed chip thicknesses and feedrates (submicron to a few microns) and speed settings (50K to 200K RPM might not be uncommon) that would be considered technologically infeasible at the conventional macro-scale. As a consequence, the principal distinction between Macro and Micro-Machining operations emerges and manifests itself as the dominance of ploughing and rubbing phenomena at the cutting edge over shearing and the necessity to take micro-structural effects into consideration. (2) The second viewpoint approaches the definition of the Micro-Machining regime from the standpoint of the magnitude of the undeformed chip thickness being removed in the cutting process. It is difficult to define...
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...A Sigma Medical Technologies Offering TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 3 Problem Statement 4 Introduction 6 Analysis of the Facts 8 Expeditionary Marketing Tools 19 Summary of the Facts 27 Alternatives 30 Recommendations 35 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Founded in 2015, Sigma Medical Technologies (SIGMA) is located in the SE region of Albuquerque, New Mexico, in the Sandia Industrial Park area east of Kirtland Air Force Base on Eubank Blvd. SIGMA, owned by Dr. Remy and Mr. Bob Sachs (of TEAM Technologies), serves as the patent holder and developer of “Ozone”. UNM Anderson has been contracted to provide an expeditionary marketing study. Ozone offers an invasive, defined space; gas based delivery system (generated by the product) to kill all living organisms in a room. It provides an affordable elimination and sterilization system for use by the Medical industry. It provides an additional layer of security against concealed germs, bacteria, and viral threats (pathogens). It may even be the cost effective solution to deliver solution based field units to disease hot spots that are engineered for quick and easy “Ozone” sterilization. The technology offers a “whole room” elimination solution (fills available defined space and kills pathogens) as opposed to standard “surface” based elimination systems (based on chemical wipe down style cleaning). Dr. Remy and his supportive team have a...
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...The Quantity vs. Quality in Special Forces Review of Literature Carlos Falcón Saldaña MBA 525 Abstract Special Forces (SF), or more comely called “Green Berets” have a long and prestigious historical roots that stem from the elite Army formations of World War II and the Office of Strategic Service (OSS). In fiscal year 2015, the Army is looking for about 3,000 candidates to attend Special Forces Assessment and Selection, officials from the Special Operations Recruiting Battalion (SORB) said. Recruiters are seeking about 2,000 active-duty enlisted soldiers, 1,540 new recruits (for the 18X program), and about 400 active-duty officers. (Tan, 2015) With the US Army’s draw down and many SF Soldiers getting out for various reasons (Retirement, Medical Discharge, Career Opportunities) the US Army had to do something and something quick to keep the number of SF soldiers in the ranks. The re-birth of an old program seem to be the solution for this problem. This paper will identify the Quantity vs. Quality in Special Forces and in the SF Soldiers and identify why this program was “Moth-Balled” in the first place. Chapter I Introduction Introduction Special Forces (SF), Green Berets were first formed from the Office of Strategic Service (OSS) back from WWII. The OSS was formed in World War II to gather strategic intelligence and conduct operations behind enemy lines in support of resistance groups in Europe and the Far East. After the war, individuals such as Colonel Aaron...
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...Front. Mech. Eng. 2013, 8(3): 215–243 DOI 10.1007/s11465-013-0248-8 REVIEW ARTICLE Nannan GUO, Ming C. LEU Additive manufacturing: technology, applications and research needs © Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been researched and developed for more than 20 years. Rather than removing materials, AM processes make three-dimensional parts directly from CAD models by adding materials layer by layer, offering the beneficial ability to build parts with geometric and material complexities that could not be produced by subtractive manufacturing processes. Through intensive research over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in the development and commercialization of new and innovative AM processes, as well as numerous practical applications in aerospace, automotive, biomedical, energy and other fields. This paper reviews the main processes, materials and applications of the current AM technology and presents future research needs for this technology. Keywords additive manufacturing (AM), AM processes, AM materials, AM applications 1 Introduction The ASTM F42 Technical Committee defines additive manufacturing (AM) as the “process of joining materials to make objects from three-dimensional (3D) model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies” [1]. It is also known as additive fabrication, additive processes, direct digital...
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...002-740 Final Fairing & Finishing Techniques for fairing surfaces with WEST SYSTEM® Brand epoxy and a guide to finish coatings Final Fairing The first part of this manual describes final fairing techniques as they apply to boatbuilding and boat repair. These techniques are also useful for many nonmarine applications such as auto body repair or building forms and molds. Also included are methods for applying fairing compound that can reduce trial and error, and help make the fairing process easier and faster. Finishing The second part of this manual discusses epoxy as a barrier coating and the wide variety of finish coating options available for ultraviolet protection and long term durability. Cost, compatibility, durability, ease of application and health hazards are variables to consider in the selection of a coating option for your project. Catalog No. 002-740 Final Fairing & Finishing Techniques for fairing surfaces with WEST SYSTEM® Brand epoxy and a guide to finish coating 5th Edition—June 2005 The techniques described in this manual are based on the handling characteristics and physical properties of WEST SYSTEM Epoxy products. Because physical properties of resin systems and epoxy brands vary, using the techniques in this publication with coatings or adhesives other than WEST SYSTEM is not recommended. Refer to the current WEST SYSTEM User Manual & Product Guide for complete product information, and safety and handling guidelines. The information presented herein...
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...|There are many ways to get information. The most common research methods are: literature searches, talking with people, focus groups, personal interviews, | |telephone surveys, mail surveys, email surveys, and internet surveys. | |A literature search involves reviewing all readily available materials. These materials can include internal company information, relevant trade | |publications, newspapers, magazines, annual reports, company literature, on-line data bases, and any other published materials. It is a very inexpensive | |method of gathering information, although it often does not yield timely information. Literature searches over the web are the fastest, while library | |literature searches can take between one and eight weeks. | |Talking with people is a good way to get information during the initial stages of a research project. It can be used to gather information that is not | |publicly available, or that is too new to be found in the literature. Examples might include meetings with prospects, customers, suppliers, and other types | |of business conversations at trade shows, seminars, and association meetings. Although often valuable, the information has questionable validity because it | |is highly subjective and might not be representative of the...
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...“The longer you live the longer you should live” –Wiley “Evolution’s a bitch” –Wiley “Suckers are good to eat” –Wiley WHAT HAS EVOLUTION DONE FOR ME What has evolution done for me • Agricultural crops and animal breeding for the past 8,000 years • With the discovery of methods to reconstruct evolutionary relationships there is been a vast increase in the relevance of evolutionary biology to human society. Reconstructing Phylogenies • 1859-1950- No coherent empirical methods • 1950-1966- Emergence of Phylogenetic Systematics • Phylogeny by discovery of the order of evolutionary innovation Ribotyping • Fingerprinting or sequencing RNA • Many diseases have unknown causes • However, diseased tissues can be ribotyped. (Wiley Death Fish) • This process involves extracting DNA from diseased tissues and then sequencing the DNA that codes for rRNA. • If a disease agent such as a bacteria is present, then we will get ribosomal DNA sequences from the host (you) and the bacteria (the infection agent). Ribotyping: Phylogeny matching • Once we have the rDNA sequences, we can plug them into a sequence matrix of all life and see where our unknowns appear on the tree of life. Our Food Chain • Some products are easy to identify, but others are not. • A slab of fish fillet from a sea bass looks like a slab of sih fillet from a farmed Asian catfish. • But the sea bass costs $10/pound while the Asian catfish...
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...– Jerry 8 e. Is it Really Printing? 8 V. The Technology’s Potential to Disrupt Industries – Jerry 9 VI. Communicating With the 3D Printer – Jerry 9 f. The Process 10 ii. The 8-step process. 10 g. Reducing the Development Time 11 VII. Economic Considerations – Jerry 11 h. Rapid Prototyping 12 i. What Is the ROI? 12 j. Manufacturing Processes 13 iii. Economies of scale. 13 k. The Level of Interest 14 iv. Digitizing creative content. 14 v. Is it your creation? 15 l. Localization vs. Outsourcing 15 VIII. The Psychological Perspective & Social Effect – Jerry 16 m. A Paradigm Shift 16 n. Employment and Retraining 16 IX. Political and Legal Influences – Bol 17 X. The Technology in its Cultural Context, Media Influences – Bol 23 XI. 3D Printing: Environmental, Moral and Ethical Implications – Jiro 25 o. Environmental Implications of 3D Printing 25 vi. Waste reduction. 26 vii. Carbon...
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...01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 S31 N32 B R AI N MAK ER The Power of Gut Microbes to Heal and Protect Your Brain — for Life BY DAVID PERLMUTTER, MD WITH KRISTIN LOB ERG LIT T LE , BROW N A ND C OMPA N Y New York Boston London BrainMaker_HCtext1P.indd iii 12/02/15 6:29 PM 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31S 32N This book is intended to supplement, not replace, the advice of a trained health professional. If you know or suspect that you have a health problem, you should consult a health professional. The author and publisher specifically disclaim any liability, loss, or risk, personal or otherwise, that is incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and application of any of the contents of this book. Copyright © 2015 by David Perlmutter, MD All rights reserved. In accordance with the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, the scanning, uploading, and electronic sharing of any part of this book without the permission of the publisher constitute unlawful piracy and theft of the author’s intellectual property. If you would like to use material from the book (other than for review purposes), prior written permission must be obtained by contacting the publisher at permissions@hbgusa.com. Thank you for your support of the author’s rights. Little, Brown and Company ...
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......... ii Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................... iii Table of Figures ............................................................................................................................. vi Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Definition of the Problem ........................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Fossil Fuels ............................................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Air Pollution .......................................................................................................................... 7 1.2.1 Particulate Matter ........................................................................................................... 8 1.2.2 Carbon Monoxide ........................................................................................................... 9 1.2.3 Unburned HC‘s ..................................................................................................................
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...Hyperloop Alpha Intro The first several pages will attempt to describe the design in everyday language, keeping numbers to a minimum and avoiding formulas and jargon. I apologize in advance for my loose use of language and imperfect analogies. The second section is for those with a technical background. There are no doubt errors of various kinds and superior optimizations for elements of the system. Feedback would be most welcome – please send to hyperloop@spacex.com or hyperloop@teslamotors.com. I would like to thank my excellent compadres at both companies for their help in putting this together. Background When the California “high speed” rail was approved, I was quite disappointed, as I know many others were too. How could it be that the home of Silicon Valley and JPL – doing incredible things like indexing all the world’s knowledge and putting rovers on Mars – would build a bullet train that is both one of the most expensive per mile and one of the slowest in the world? Note, I am hedging my statement slightly by saying “one of”. The head of the California high speed rail project called me to complain that it wasn’t the very slowest bullet train nor the very most expensive per mile. The underlying motive for a statewide mass transit system is a good one. It would be great to have an alternative to flying or driving, but obviously only if it is actually better than flying or driving. The train in question would be both slower, more expensive to...
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