Parmenides came up with a theory that reduces all phenomena to one principle. This concept is called “monism.” Monism means that there is only “one” kind of ultimate substance. The “one” is itself and lacks any form of “differentiation.” The “one” is ineffable and unimaginable. This concept states that “pluralism is false” and “change is impossible.”

An Argument for monism is that if change is impossible, then some things come from nothing. For example, a butterfly comes from nothing. It is impossible that something comes from nothing in this world, like a butterfly, and this is why monism is questioned. This meaning that change is impossible and it is only “illusory.”

Monists will argue that pluralism is not real. Pluralism is the theory