...Research - 13 Aug 2013 Chicago, Illinois, United States Ratings Category Moody's Rating Outlook Corporate Family Rating Sr Sec Bank Credit Facility Senior Unsecured Commercial Paper Speculative Grade Liquidity Negative Ba2 Baa2/LGD1 Ba3/LGD4 NP SGL-2 Contacts Analyst Phone Bill Wolfe/Toronto Donald S. Carter, CFA/Toronto 416.214.3847 416.214.3851 Key Indicators R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company 2010 2011 2012 LTM Q2-2013 $10,018.9 $10,611.0 $10,221.9 $10,278.5 4.0x 4.6x 4.4x 4.4x 5.7% 8.6% 7.9% 8.8% 3.1x 2.6x 2.6x 2.6x 4.2x 3.9x 3.6x 3.5x 15.0% 13.3% 14.2% 13.2% Net Sales (in Millions) Debt / EBITDA FCF / Debt (EBITDA-Capex) / Interest (FFO+Interest) / Interest RCF / Debt All ratios reflect Moody's Standard Accounting Adjustments Note: For definitions of Moody's most common ratio terms please see the accompanying User's Guide. Opinion Rating Drivers - Muted general economic conditions and continued over-capacity limit prospects for cash flow growth - The rating depends on ongoing de-levering Corporate Profile Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company (RR Donnelley) is North America's largest commercial printing company, with annual revenues of approximately $10.3 billion of which 74% comes from North American operations while 26% is international. RR Donnelley provides pre-media, printing, logistics and business process outsourcing products and services. SUMMARY RATING RATIONALE RR Donnelley is weakly positioned at the Ba2...
Words: 2919 - Pages: 12
...* Moody's affirms Unilever's A1/P-1 ratings The company posted underlying volume growth of 7% for fiscal 2013 (to 31 March 2013), which compares favourably to the more benign levels of organic growth in Unilever's key developed markets of the Americas (EUR17.1 billion sales in fiscal 2012) and Europe (EUR13.9 Bn sales). | | | | Moody's Investors Service has today affirmed Unilever Group's A1 senior unsecured long-term ratings, the short-term Prime-1 (P-1) ratings for Commercial Paper and the (P)A2 subordinated shelf ratings with a stable outlook.Unilever PLC announced a voluntary open offer to increase its stake in Hindustan Unilever (HUL), its publicly listed subsidiary in India, from 52.48% to up to 75% at a price of Rs 600 per share. The potential total value of the transaction at the offer price (assuming full acceptances) is approximately INR292.2 billion or EUR4.1bn. Moody's expects the transaction to be fully debt financed.Source: IIFLhttp://www.indiainfoline.com/Markets/News/Moodys-affirms-Unilevers-A1P-1-ratings/5671898309 * GlaxoSmithkline Consumer Q1 net profit at Rs1564.10 mnGlaxoSmithkline Consumer Healthcare Ltd has posted a net profit of Rs. 1564.10 mn for the quarter ended March 31, 2013 as compared to Rs. 1319.70 mn for the quarter ended March 31, 2012.Total Income has increased from Rs. 8608.70 mn for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 toRs. 10078.20 mn for the quarter ended March 31, 2013.Source: IIFLhttp://www.indiainfoline.com/Markets/News/GlaxoSmithkline-Consumer-Q1-net-profit-at-Rs1564...
Words: 665 - Pages: 3
...Introduction Debt watcher Moody’s Investors Service is now reviewing for upgrade the local and foreign currency deposit ratings of four Philippine banks after announcing the same decision on the country’s credit rating. These banks are the Sy-led Banco de Oro Unibank (BDO), Ayala-led Bank of the Philippine Island (BPI), government financial institution Land Bank of the Philippines (Landbank) and Ty-led Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company (Metrobank). These banks local and foreign currency deposits are rated ‘Ba1/Not Prime’. Also under review is BDO’s foreign currency senior unsecured debt rating of ‘Ba1’ and Metrobank’s local currency subordinated debt rating of ‘Ba2’. “The bank financial strength ratings of the four banks remain unchanged,” Moody’s said in a statement. It explained that “credit strength of the government is an important input in our assessment of the government's capacity to provide support in times of stress.” "The review for upgrade of BDO's, BPI's, LBP's and MBT's ratings reflect our assessment that these ratings would likely benefit from an additional notch of systemic support uplift in the event that the parallel review of the Philippine sovereign debt rating concludes with a rating upgrade," Moody's Assistant Vice President and Lead Analyst for the Philippine banks Simon Chen said. Aside from assessing the government’s ability to extend support, the debt watcher said the current evaluation “will also take into account the systemic importance...
Words: 1131 - Pages: 5
...Rating Action: Moody's assigns ratings to Chrysler refinancing; Ba1 to first lien term loan and B1 to second lien notes. Outlook is stable. Global Credit Research - 29 Jan 2014 Approximately $5 billion of obligations rated New York, January 29, 2014 -- Moody's Investors Service assigned ratings to debt securities being offered by Chrysler Group LLC (Chrysler) in connection with the refinancing of $4.7 billion of VEBA trust note. Ratings assigned are: Ba1 to $2 billion of new first-lien term loans that rank pari passu with the company's existing $2.9 billion in outstanding term loans (also rated Ba1) and B1 to $2.7 billion of second-lien secured notes that rank pari passu with the company's $3.2 billion in outstanding second-lien notes (also rated B1). Proceeds will be used to refinance $4.7 billion in outstanding VEBA trust note. The company's B1 Corporate Family Rating (CFR), B1-PD Probability of Default Rating, and SGL-2 Speculative Grade Liquidity ratings are unaffected. The rating outlook is stable. RATINGS RATIONALE The assignment of the new Chrysler ratings recognizes that the transaction is a refinancing that will not materially change the company's level of outstanding debt. Benefits from the transaction will include a meaningful reduction in interest expense as the VEBA notes carry an effective interest rate of 11.7%. The interest rate on the new offerings will be considerably lower. However, the newly-offered obligations will have a shorter maturity profile compared...
Words: 2381 - Pages: 10
...MOODYS ANALYTICS Moody's Corporation (NYSE: MCO) is the parent company of Moody's Investors Service, which provides credit ratings and research covering debt instruments and securities, and Moody's Analytics, which offers leading-edge software, advisory services and research for credit and economic analysis and financial risk management. The various products and services that Moody’s Analytics offers are Enterprise Risk Management, Economic and Consumer Credit Analysis, credit Research and Risk measurement, Structured Analytics’ and Valuation The Software solution that Moody’s offers for Loan origination System is called RiskOrigin an integrated, workflow-driven software platform that allows commercial lenders to streamline and standardize their complete underwriting processes for all commercial loan classes, including commercial and industrial (C&I); corporates; commercial real estate (CRE); and small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). AURIONPRO LTD It is a publicly traded technology company that provides domain related software and consulting services.The products and services it provides are broadly catogarised into Banking and Finacial technologies SCM Software Enterprise IT Servies Aurionpro's Corporate Loan Origination System (LOS) is an end-to-end Credit Risk Management System incorporating the Basel II risk management framework as well as best of breed credit risk management practices from international banks. Developed by Aurionpro's Integro business and ma ...
Words: 377 - Pages: 2
...Policy #2 The history of the American economy has been greatly impacted by the industrial revolution. Life as the people of this time knew it would have a big change ahead of them. The normal life of using your hands to produce products would become more of machines doing the manual work. There was a boom in population and income stemming from the economy becoming more efficient. The Industrial Revolution increased the supply of goods dramatically from the invention of a mass-production technique that was represented by Henry Ford. The majority of the increase of supply was largely seen in mining, steel, oil, transportation networks, communications networks, industrial cities, and financial centers, but also consumer goods. The concept of people not having to use their hands as much anymore was an important advancement. The time being saved was significant not to mention how efficient these steam powered machines were in production. Now the overall work time is being cut dramatically considering they could now have settings for machines to produce the work. At the same time, the workers needed to realize this meant there would be less jobs available for employees. There would be less work to manage, but this led to creating a bigger profit since there was not as much man power needed in the factory. This idea of having the machine do the dirty work sparked the importance of profits for the business leaders, which over time has arguably led to the greedy business leaders we...
Words: 5463 - Pages: 22
...credit rating agencies such as Standard and Poor’s and Moody’s in promoting well-functioning capital markets. How well are the agencies performing their roles?” – December 2013 past paper Credit rating agencies are private profit oriented entities that earn revenues for issuing opinions on the credit worthiness of sovereign governments, corporations and a variety of specific debt issues and issuers. They enjoy a high level of credibility in the investment community and their opinions are extremely influential. Credit rating agencies first emerged in the United States in 1909. They initially issued ratings solely for the debt obligations of the railroad, which had catalysed the development of a global bond market to finance their expansion. The advent of credit rating agencies in the early 20th Century reflected the emergence of highly capital intensive industries in the USA and the corresponding expansion of capital markers to finance them. Over recent decades, global capital flows have accelerated as sovereign borrowers, notably in the developing world, turn to private capital markets for financing needs previously met by commercial and development banks, as well as multilateral agencies. The two major credit rating agencies are Standard and Poor’s and Moody’s Corporation. Standard and Poor’s is now a wholly owned subsidiary of the McGraw Hill Group of companies,, while Moody’s Corporation is the parent company of Moody’s Investor Services. Credit rating agencies...
Words: 1385 - Pages: 6
...Rating agencies and their excessive power: Why are they so powerful? By Nadezhda Peneva American University in Bulgaria, EMBA, Cohort 13 NIP147@aubg.bg March 21, 2014 Abstract The paper is set out to find out the influence of credit rating agencies on the business and the national policies as well as to elaborate on how powerful are they for the society and why. Over 100 years rating agencies demonstrate excessive power, but is this just an assumption or it could be a strong conclusion? In the paper the role and power of the rating agencies like Standard and Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch would be defined and assessed. 1. Introduction Credit Rating Agencies (CRAs) could be generally defined as „providers of opinions about the creditworthiness of companies and countries which have become very important players in financial markets due to growth in Capital Markets, Credit Derivative Markets, Globalisation of Capital Markets; and an increase in Regulatory Use of Ratings” (Ryan, 2012). Here comes the question: Why actually they have become very important players globally? CRAs are companies who assign credit ratings for the debt of public and private companies who are issuers of certain types of debt obligations and also CRAs assign credit ratings for debt instruments themselves. Usually the issuers of securities are companies, governments, NGOs and entities with special purposes or national governments...
Words: 4707 - Pages: 19
...Comparative Rating Index for Sovereigns (CRIS): An update following recent rating events using both Moody’s and S&P’s ratings. [From the Economic Division, Ministry of Finance: This is the latest update on the comparative credit ratings scores of nations, using Moody’s as well as Standard and Poor’s ratings data following recent ratings events, and using a formula developed by our researchers. The detailed work (not for dissemination) occurs in a paper by Kaushik Basu, Anil Bisen, Supriyo De, Rangeet Ghosh and Shweta.] Introduction The Comparative Ratings Index for Sovereigns (CRIS) was developed as a relative performance index based on sovereign credit ratings. The rationale was that while credit rating agencies give out the sovereign credit rating of each nation as an absolute grade, investors are more concerned with comparative rating, that is, how each nation performs visà-vis other nations. Conceptually, if a highly rated economy falls down the ratings ladder, other economies would improve their ‘relative’ desirability as investment destinations, even if their ratings remain unchanged. The effects would be larger in the case of downgrades of bigger economies. The CRIS formula was applied to Moody’s sovereign ratings and referred to as ‘Moody CRIS.’1 Subsequently, this was applied to Standard and Poor’s (S&P’s) ratings and a new set of comparative scores referred to as CRIS-SP was produced.2 Following recent rating events, including Moody’s downgrades of major European...
Words: 655 - Pages: 3
...credit ratings An assessment of sovereign ratings provided by Moody’s, S&P and Fitch Authors: Joep Pennartz, Jan Pieter Snoeij The views expressed in this paper are their own and not necessarily those of Rabobank. Contact: Joep Pennartz and Jan Pieter Snoeij wrote this working paper as a part of an internship at Rabobank. For further information please contact their supervisor at Rabobank’s Economic Research Department: S.A.Kamalodin@rn.rabobank.nl Editors: Allard Bruinshoofd, head of International Economic Research Shahin Kamalodin, economist 1 “There are two superpowers in the world today in my opinion. There’s the United States and there’s Moody’s Bond Rating Service. The United States can destroy you by dropping bombs, and Moody’s can destroy you by downgrading your bonds. And believe me, it’s not clear sometimes who’s more powerful.” (Friedman, 1996). Introduction Credit rating agencies (CRAs) are of major importance in international financial markets. Their prominence is explained by the myriad number of traded fixed income securities; one simply cannot assume that every market participant has the resources to assess the credit risk of each borrower. That is where CRAs step in; they distil public and private information into a simple credit rating. The informative value of these credit ratings lowers information asymmetries and enhances transparency and liquidity (Katz, Salinas, & Stephanou, 2009; IMF, 2010). Furthermore, credit ratings facilitate ...
Words: 9256 - Pages: 38
...DIVERSIFICATION OF ISSUERS THE “DIM-SUM SUBSTITUTE”: SYNTHETIC RENMINBI BONDS 6 6 7 9 This report addresses recent developments in the offshore market for bonds denominated in mainland China’s currency, the Renminbi (RMB), whether settled in RMB or another currency. Called “dim sum” bonds when settled in RMB or “synthetic” if settled in other currencies such as U.S. dollars, these debt instruments have so far come out primarily in Hong Kong, with several synthetic convertible bonds in Singapore. However, in future, Chinese authorities may allow offshore RMB transactions elsewhere, and more euro-RMB bonds1 issued in other financial centers could soon appear. A comment answering investors’ frequently asked questions on our approach to rating both types of these bonds will follow within a few weeks. The progressive internationalization of the RMB will facilitate growth in Hong Kong of both kinds of RMB-denominated bonds. In particular, the rapidly expanding volume of the city’s deposits and of trade settlements in RMB has driven growth in dim-sum bonds, and the Chinese government’s allowance last week for Chinese enterprises to settle direct overseas investment in RMB will catalyze this trend. However, the market is still at an early stage, and evolving regulations for RMB business in Hong Kong will determine the speed and sustainability of its growth. A diversification in the types of issuers and issuances for dim-sum bonds has already occurred, with corporate-bond tenors of...
Words: 4815 - Pages: 20
...RATING AGENCIES CRA are reviewing their methodologies as their ratings were not good indicators of banks’ vulnerabilities before the crisis (weak and positive relationship on FSR – but market indicators not better). * SP has proposed significant changes to its ratings methodology. * Moody’s has recalibrated the relative importance attached to rating factors. 1. All 3 CRA consider that the banks’ creditworthiness has worsened materially in Europe and in the US. 2. Greater agreement between CRA than in mid-2007, reflecting shifts in estimates of government support. 3. Revisions in methodologies likely to lead to further downgrades in the banking sector. Indicators that would have improved accuracy of pre-crisis ratings: * Regulatory environment/financial culture (exposure to complex financial products tolerated encouraged) * Macro-prudential indicators * Excessive credit growth * Asset price increases * Bank-level characteristics * High-quality capital Main issues: * Accounting for external support * Accounting for systemic risk (no definition of system, no metric => rely on macro-indicators) * Accounting for earnings volatility (due to high leverage) METHODOLOGIES 1. FITCH * Stand alone scale from 9 to 19 ratings by mid-2011 * = more granularity and more transparent link stand alone/final rating * Systemic risk assessed but used for sovereign ratings rather than individual ...
Words: 349 - Pages: 2
...CHAPTER 10: LONG TERM LIABILITIES There are two ways for a company to raise money: Debt VS. Equity Chapter 10 covers Bonds –a type of debt financing. Individuals, companies, and governments often issue bonds in order to raise funds to finance large projects (ex. prop 1A on the November ballot was to help the state of California raise capital to develop a high speed train). Bond – a written promise to pay an amount (par value) plus interest. Bonds offer the following advantages: 1. Bonds do not affect the ownership of the company. 2. Interest on bonds is tax deductible. 3. Bonds can increase the company’s return on equity. Bonds offer the following disadvantages: 1. Bonds require periodic payment of interest and then par value at the bond’s maturity date. 2. Bonds can decrease the company’s return on equity. Terms ➢ Bond Certificate – legal document between the issuer (company) and the bondholder (investors). Bond certificates include the following information: o Par Value o Maturity Date o Contract Interest Rate ➢ Par Value – the specific amount (or principal) that the issuer, or company, must pay at the bond’s maturity date. The par value is also referred to as face value or face amount. ➢ Contract Interest Rate – the rate used to determine the amount of cash interest the borrower pays and the investor receives. Also referred to as the stated or coupon interest...
Words: 971 - Pages: 4
...probabilities. Real-world default probabilities are usually less than risk-neutral default probabilities. This means that bond traders earn more than the risk-free rate on average from holding corporate bonds. Risk-neutral default probabilities are used when credit dependent instruments are valued. Real-world default probabilities are used in scenario analysis and in the calculation of bank capital under Basel II. Altman (1989) was one of the first researchers to comment on the discrepancy between bond prices and historical default data. He showed that, even after taking account of the impact of defaults, an investor could expect significantly higher returns from investing in corporate bonds than from investing in risk-free bonds. As the credit rating of the corporate bonds declined, the extent of the higher returns increased. Default Intensity Estimates Table 1 shows estimates of the average seven-year risk-neutral and...
Words: 3916 - Pages: 16
...Metropolitan plc. กับบริษัท Guinness จนกลายเป็นบริษัทอาหารและเครื่องดื่มที่ใหญ่เป็นอันดับ 7 ของโลก หลังจากการควบรวมกันเป็นบริษัท Diageo ต้องการจะเน้นไปที่เครื่องดื่มแอลกอฮอล์เพียงอย่างเดียว จึงตัดสินใจที่จะขายธุรกิจอาหารไป ได้แก่ Pillsbury โดยขายให้กับ General Mills และต้องการจะออกจากธุรกิจ fast food โดยการออกขายหุ้น IPO ของ Burger King นอกจากนี้ บริษัท Diageo ยังเข้าซื้อกิจการประเภทแอลกอฮอล์ ได้แก่ Seagrams ทำให้บริษัทขยายใหญ่ขึ้นและมีความแข็งแกร่งทางด้านธุรกิจแอลกอฮอล์ ก่อนที่จะมีการควบรวมกิจการนั้น Guinness กับ Grand Metropolitan มี rating อยู่ที่ AA และ A ตามลำดับ แต่พอหลังการควบรวมกิจการเป็นบริษัท Diageo ทำให้มีถูกลด rating เหลือเพียง BBB โดยRating Agencies ได้แก่ Standard and Poor’s และ Moody’s เนื่องจากเกิดความไม่แน่นอนของนโยบายทางการเงินของบริษัท บริษัท Diageo จึงต้องควบคุม Capital Structure ให้มีประสิทธิภาพ โดยการรักษาระดับของ interest cover ratio ไว้ 5-8 เท่า และคงระดับของ EBITDA/Total Debt ให้อยู่ที่ 30% - 35%ถ้าบริษัท Diageo ต้องการรักษา rating ให้อยู่ที่ระดับ A+ นอกจากนี้บริษัทจะต้องใช้นโยบาย Trade-off Theory ซึ่งเป็นการเลือกระหว่างความเสี่ยงและผลตอบแทน กล่าวคือบริษัท Diageo ต้องเลือกระหว่างต้นทุนความล้มเหลวทางเงิน (Financial Distress)และผลประโยชน์ทางภาษี (Tax Shield) โดยสามารถคำนวณจากผลประโยชน์ทางภาษีในแต่ละปีและการประเมินความน่าจะเป็นที่จะเกิดความล้มเหลวทางการเงิน บริษัทมีการใช้ Monte Carlo Analysis ซึ่งใช้การวิเคราะห์แก้ปัญหาที่ยากหรือไม่สามารถแก้ปัญหาได้ เช่น การคาดการณ์การเปลี่ยนแปลงของดอกเบี้ยและอัตราแลกเปลี่ยนในอนาคต ประเมินความเสี่ยงจากการล้มละลาย และการแสเงินสดในการดำเนินงาน...
Words: 828 - Pages: 4