...American Intercontinental University Unit 4 Individual Project 20 September 2014 Abstract Businesses immorality not only affected those employees but the lives of their families, as well as all those whom connected to the company. One will never know the extent of damage caused by immoral acts; the repercussions are too far reaching. In a business environment, a business should be more conscious of acting morally correct than any individual, because the number of live affected are incalculable. In a business environment, why should people be moral as individuals? Introduction Businesses should be morally responsible because the damage they can do is monumental. Businesses that do not act morally destroy lives; while these individual may not die their lives are irrevocably changed. For example, the collapse of a factory in Bangladesh in 2013 killed eleven-hundred people. This collapse was entirely preventable; had the owner not violated building codes and failed to respond appropriately to information that the building was not safe, the accident would not have happened. (Fortune, 2013) Furthermore, this businesses immorality not only affected those employees that died but the lives of their families, as well as all those whom witnessed the event. One will never know the extent of damage caused by immoral acts such as this one; the repercussions are too far reaching. In a business environment, a business should be more conscious of acting morally correct than...
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...coincidence. We forget that morals vary from the wide variety of cultures, people, and practically the universe. Morality is merely just good vs. Bad. It is one of the many theories that fall under the Divine command theory. The divine command theory states...
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...limit, and takes the extreme position by arguing that moral choices, judgments, and resolutions are so subjective that discussions, contemplation, and deliberations on morality are useless is called a _______ subjectist Cynical A______truth is dependent on the subject’s own experience. Subjective A person who believes that whatever an individual says is right for that particular individual is called a _____ Relativist Hume believed that the only kind of truth that can be known is a _____ Truth Subjective The notion of ethical _________which is often mistaken and confused with Ethical relativism, doubts that any acts are right or wrong. | | Skepticism Moral decisions, determinations, and judgments are acknowledged and established in a cultural context, and these positions are subject to change depending on one’s cultural Relativism ______is the notion that there is no concrete certainty the sphere of knowledge and truth. Relativism An objective______ is a truth that is independent of an observer. Truth _________ is the notion that truth depends on context—the time, place, and the identity of the observer. Relativism The certainty of Descartes’ rationalism leads to the idea of absolute truth In the never-ending debate between relativism and dogmatism, most people agree that the solution for inclusivity is moderation People who argue that ethics and morality are subjective, and moral choices should be made on individual assessment, or societal...
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... or is it morally right within certain contexts. Cultures exist that make having multiple children an extreme financial burden, or due to population control, illegal to have more than one child. Even within these contexts, does it make it morally right to practice infanticide? No, it does not! The practice of infanticide is universally morally wrong. Infanticide is practiced in several cultures, one of which is Pakistan. According to cultural relativism, this practice is deemed morally right. Cultural relativism deals with actions that are specific to a culture and the individuals within a specific culture. The beliefs and customs of a particular culture are relative to the individuals within that culture. What may be morally right in one culture may not be right in another (gotquestions.org, 2011). Relativism deals with the fact that individual societies may deem, for themselves, what is right or wrong. Since truth is non-discriminatory, there really cannot be a set of standards that apply to all cultures. Relativism says that it is wrong for one society to pass judgment on another society for this reason. Pakistani's believe that infanticide is right based on reasons such as babies being born out of wedlock or the baby being the wrong sex, where here in the United States we believe that the baby has to...
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...have specific laws to resist these conducts, but some countries like Somalia consider corruption and bribery as a tool of doing business. This difference between countries is due to the deeply cultural distinction. After reading chapter five on ethical values, it brings me a good argument about the definitions of morality and ethics. According to the textbook, ethical relativism and ethical objectivism are two different principles (Lawhead, 2010). Ethical relativism states that the human option decides a person's standpoints to judge if a conduct is ethical or not, while ethical objectivism states the moral principles, which is universally acceptable regardless of the individual and society, do exist and it is objective (2010). These two principles are all true. For example, murder is considered as illegal and unacceptable worldwide. This conduct fits for the ethical objectivism. On the other hand, prostitution is considered as unethical and immoral conduct in China while it is a legitimate occupation in Japan. This is an instance of the ethical relativism. In this journal, I will focus on the ethical relativism. First of all, we should know the definition of bribery. It means to voluntarily offer payment by someone seeking unlawful advantages (Wikipedia). In the U.S., in order to prohibit this conduct, Foreign Corrupt Practice Act (FCPA) is established, which forbids the U.S. citizens to bribe even if they are not present in home countries (Wikipedia). Afterwards, OECD Anti-bribery...
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...states that “Different cultures have different moral codes. Therefore, there is no objective “truth” in morality. Right and wrong are only matters of opinion, and opinions vary from culture to culture” (Rachels 454). Based off of the moral philosophers, James Rachels and Russ Shafer-Landau, it is inferred that both think the cultural differences argument is unsound because of the contradictions within the argument. It is argued that there are some basic moral codes of right and wrong that are shared between cultures which is a contradiction made by both authors, but they share their support for the fundamental idea that right and wrong are matters of opinion, and opinions vary from culture to culture especially when going deeper into moral codes and specific situations that test these codes. When referring to ethical relativism and ethical objectivism, in my opinion, ethical objectivism is the stronger position because it is the idea that moral values and norms are universal and do not depend on societies, cultures or individuals. It is the view that rightness and wrongness of an ethical act does not vary from one individual to another and that there is at least one objective moral standard. Both theories are partly true because each person has their own mind and own personal morals, and people are not going to agree and conform with every moral code and think the same on what is right and wrong. This being said, ethical objectivism is a stronger position because everyone is some...
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...BUSINESS AND MORALS TABITHA MCCOY AMERICAN INTERCONTINENTAL UNIVERSITY ABSTRACT The author will discuss Ethics as it pertains to Business in today’s world. The author will explain can Business have moral ethics while defining different types of ethics. The author will support its argument with supporting definitions of types of ethics pertaining to her argument. In today’s Business world the importance of standards and ethics is very important. However in most corporation or organizations the ethics is not what is important. The right thing to do would be treat your employees with in the standard of moral ethics. I personally believe you should treat your employees with respect just as you would customers. Although this does not occasionally take place more employers need to learn to treat their employees with the same regards as your customer. This may boost employee work ethics as well as profit. The point of the matter is ethics can exist in the Economic world, however organizations and corporations need to adhere to ethics or just plain courtesy would be nice. In this day and age many Businesses have many different policy and procedures in place to complete or perform a certain job or duty. However, Business does not conduct itself as moral agents. The majority of Corporation uses Utilitarianism. This is the belief that regardless of the struggle or pain the outcome of a profit is more important. Corporations encourages Categorical imperatives. Categorical...
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...Alfred North Whitehead’s statement “What is morality in any given time and place? It is what the majority then and there happen to like, and immorality is what they dislike” (Solomon & Higgins, 2009, p.273). As for business, it can have ethical standards, even though businesses are not moral agents. This statement is true because to work well, any business has to incorporate an element of morality. Morality in business is evident when a company provides equal opportunities for all employees. As a result, morals in a business setting act as a guide for employees and managers to work conscientiously. The value of ethical standards in business is that it provides employment opportunities for potential personnel without putting into consideration such aspects as sex, race, sexual orientation, religion, age, nationality, and color. If business adopts the above ethical standards, it concurs with Whitehead’s statement of morality. The reason is that people will like this business and associate it with terms of work and consumer relations. In my opinion, the profit alone cannot be the bottom line of business, even though it is essential for any commerce to make a profit to prove that it is operating in the right direction. To be successful, business has to balance its goals and client service as vital aspects that contribute to a good return. The most significant goal of business is to make money, but there are other less tangible goals that are intrinsic. For instance, when business...
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...CJ Business environment has a big impact on people’s lives and not just theirs but their families as well. Nobody really knows what is going on in the other person live, so I believe that we have to have morals and it really don’t matter what you do for a living. The business environment can be so stressful and can cause a lot of damage with immoral acts. The company as a whole has to make sure that everything and everyone are using morals in the environment. In a business environment, why should people be moral individuals? When we are talking about morals I believe that the business in question should be responsible in making sure that the people that they hire have morals and live by them. The business should also put out what morals they have and want to be followed. When the businesses don’t have morals it can cause lot damage to the company and the people that work for them as well. No morals can destroy lives. Let’s, say for example, In today’s time the people really don’t have a choice on if they health insurance or not. The government is making us have it and if you don’t have health insurance then you have to pay a fine. Some people say " If I can’t afford the insurance then I can’t afford the fine, so the hell with it". But what most people don’t realize is when you file income tax you are paying that fine. To this is immoral because everyone can’t afford health insurance and they live pay check to pay check. It is immoral to make someone...
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...you oppose it?" My experience has been that people who advocate most loudly for ethical relativism are generally not open- minded. Indeed, in my years of existence, relativist people have been positively rabid in rejecting anything that challenges their views. They’re blocking the things or circumstances which seems to hinder their perspectives. I’ve watched some of these on TV – the live court hearings/trials that divulge different issues in our government which eventually invade the personal lives of those who were involved in such political issues. Perhaps we need to approach the issue more pragmatically. On point of view, I...
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...ETHICS ( MORAL PHILOSOPHY) Ethics , also called moral philosophy is the discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad , right and wrong. The term is applied to any system or theory of moral values and principles . It involves systematizing , defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong . Philosophers divide ethical theories into four different categories 1. Metaethics 2. Normative ethics 3. Agapeic ethics 4. Applied ethics 1. METAETHICS What does moral language mean ? Do moral facts exist ? How can we know whether moral judgments are true or false ? Metaethics is the branch of ethics that seeks to understand the nature of ethical properties , statements , attitudes and judgments . Two prominent issues of metaethics are : 1.1 Metaphysical Issues: Objectivism and Relativism Objectivism or other worldly views suggest that reality exists as an objective absolute – facts are facts, independent of man’s feelings , wishes , views or hopes. It holds that there is no fundamental contradiction between the free, abstract character of mental life and the physical body in which it resides . It holds it as undeniable that humans have free will, and opposes metaphysical determinism or fatalism. The metaphysical relativism is the claim that there are no absolutes in reality; epistemological is that there are no absolutes in knowledge; morality is the denial of moral absolutes; and religious is the clam that there is no true religion . Greek philosopher...
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...CJ Business environment has a big impact on people’s lives and not just theirs but their families as well. Nobody really knows what is going on in the other person live, so I believe that we have to have morals and it really don’t matter what you do for a living. The business environment can be so stressful and can cause a lot of damage with immoral acts. The company as a whole has to make sure that everything and everyone are using morals in the environment. In a business environment, why should people be moral individuals? When we are talking about morals I believe that the business in question should be responsible in making sure that the people that they hire have morals and live by them. The business should also put out what morals they have and want to be followed. When the businesses don’t have morals it can cause lot damage to the company and the people that work for them as well. No morals can destroy lives. Let’s, say for example, In today’s time the people really don’t have a choice on if they health insurance or not. The government is making us have it and if you don’t have health insurance then you have to pay a fine. Some people say " If I can’t afford the insurance then I can’t afford the fine, so the hell with it". But what most people don’t realize is when you file income tax you are paying that fine. To this is immoral because everyone can’t afford health insurance and they live pay check to pay check. It is immoral to make someone...
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...For scenario 2, it’s supposed that the majority of the German people approved of Hitler’s killings of millions of Jews during WWII. In this scenario it’s supposed that the majority of the German people thought that what Hitler had done was morally right in their belief; they approved. Though that was the German’s belief, I would say that it doesn’t morally justify that what Hitler had morally right. Their approval is only coming out of one culture but doesn’t take in account that other cultures would disapprove of his actions. Again, we back to the fact that the German people see that what Hitler did should be approved as the majority of their culture believes that to be true. As they believe that his action are right then they are right....
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...I Business environment has a big impact on people’s lives and not just theirs but their families as well. Nobody really knows what is going on in the other person live, so I believe that we have to have morals and it really don’t matter what you do for a living. The business environment can be so stressful and can cause a lot of damage with immoral acts. The company as a whole has to make sure that everything and everyone are using morals in the environment. When we are talking about morals I believe that the business in question should be responsible in making sure that the people that they hire have morals and live by them. The business should also put out what morals they have and want to be followed. When the businesses don’t have morals it can cause lot damage to the company and the people that work for them as well. No morals can destroy lives. Let’s, say for example, In today’s time the people really don’t have a choice on if they health insurance or not. The government is making us have it and if you don’t have health insurance then you have to pay a fine. Some people say " If I can’t afford the insurance then I can’t afford the fine, so the hell with it". But what most people don’t realize is when you file income tax you are paying that fine. To this is immoral because everyone can’t afford health insurance and they live pay check to pay check. It is immoral to make someone do something that they can’t or don’t want to do. Now it’s true that...
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...Virtues with intention centering on moral fiber is characteristically viewed as disposition to conduct ones self in customs which render the weak in aggressive circumstances. For example, a truthful individual is inclined to telling the truth upon requested. These dispositions are characteristically looked upon as comparatively steady and elongated. Further, they are also typically understood to be robust consistent across a wide-spectrum of conditions. We are unlikely, for example, to think that an individual who tells the truth to her friends but consistently lies to her parents and teachers possesses the virtue of honesty. Ethical merit, like the majority of troubles in ethical psychology, states at the connection of concerns in equally normative principles and experiential psychology, and at hand are two universal moves in the direction one might take. A principle that normally is set by ethical philosophy is not based on how an individual measures up to ones principles. On the other hand, one possibly will appear to have ethical qualities within the principle guidelines that general morals should be controlled by structure. This subsequent move toward, ethics is not that the normative/descriptive difference vanishes; instead, it simply thinks that a theory of moral character ought to be appropriately Social psychology explains to us what ethical mediators are like, because asset approaches build character and its mechanism is the foundation of ethics, it looks to be...
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