...driven establishments, as well as the ability to send some of that wealth back to England. Arthur Barlow, Captain of an expedition crew who was sent to find a location of suitable land for colonization writes in his report known as the Report on Roanoke, 1584 “The earth bringeth foorth all things in aboundance, as in the first creation, without toile or labour . . . the most plentifull, sweete, fruitfull, and wholesome [soil] of all the world.” Additionally, a healthy water supply, vast forests and natural ports provided healthy plantations to churn out many profitable crops, such as tobacco. Since profit was the main reason for colonization of the Chesapeake colonies, there was a larger percentage of men and the interests in families and education were not as...
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... 3. Corpration tax 4. Inheritacne tax 5. Council tax Indirect taxes 1. VAT 2. Excsie duty 3. Customs duty Direct versus indirect taxation Direct taxation | Indirect Taxation | * Tax on wealth or income * Usually paid directly to the govt | * Tax on consumption or expenditure. * Paid to govt via another source. | 1. Progressive 2. Good automatic stabilizer 3. Easy to collect 4. Quite slow to change 5. Often distorting eg.tax allowance favouring home purchase 6. Unfair (favours married) | 1. More income intact – freedome to choice 2. Efficient market allocation 3. Fewwer disincentive (discouraging) effects 4. Can change quickly 5. Encourage savings 6. Regressive 7. Efficient but not necessarily equitable (fair) | Rates of taxation – Progressive, regressive, proportional Proportional * Tax is given as a proportion of income. * Rich pay more than the poor, but they both the pay same percentage of income tax. * EG – Hong Kong * ART (Averare tax rate) and MRT (Marginal tax rate) are constant as income rises * ART= MRT Progressive * As income increases the percentage a person pays in tax in proportion to their income increases. * Eg – UK * The ART and MRT increase as income increases * MRT > (greater than) ART Regressive * Smaller percentage of income is taken as income increases. * EG – Excise duty on...
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...Rape During The Antebellum Period The first African slaves arrived in Virginia, North America in 1619. As the plantations of the antebellum south flourished, the African slave trade gained momentum. Between the 16 and 19th centuries, America had an estimated 12 million African slaves (Slavery in the United States, Junius P. Rodriguez ). Enslavement of the African Americans formally commenced in the 1630s and 1640s. By 1740, colonial America had a fully developed slavery system in place, granting slave owners an absolute and tyrannical life-and-death authority over their slaves or 'chattels' and their children (Slavery in the United States, Junius P. Rodriguez ). Stripped of any identity or rights, enslaved black men and women were considered legal non-persons, except in the event of a crime committed. Documents and research on the slave era in the antebellum south are awash with horror stories of the brutal and inhuman treatment of slaves, particularly women (Slavery in the United States, Junius P. Rodriguez). Considered 'properties' by their masters, enslaved black women endured physical and emotional abuse, torture, and sometimes even death. By the 1800s, slavery had percolated down mainly to the antebellum south. While a majority of enslaved men and women were designated as 'field servants' performing duties outside the house, a smaller percentage, particularly women were employed as domestics or 'house servants', mammies and surrogate mothers. In the absence of any security...
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...Freedom of Assembly Maria R. Quinionez-Sheehan St. Gregory’s University Freedom of Assembly Out of the first ten Amendments, called the Bill of Rights, the one that is considered the most important is the first Amendment. It is considered as such because it protects the rights that we hold dearest, and it is important to a democratic government by stating what it is not allowed to do. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances (The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration , 2014). In 1787, James Madison received a letter from Thomas Jefferson discussing how wrong it was to not include a Bill of Rights in the Constitution, and made the statement "A bill of rights is what the people are entitled to against every government on earth" (Exploring Constitutional Conflicts, 2014). One of the important rights guaranteed in the first Amendment, freedom of assembly, it is important to a properly functioning democracy. Political parties rely on this right, ensuring that they are free to interact with others in order to inspire confidence among their constituents and hold political rallies and conventions sponsoring presidential candidates. Society as a whole relies in part on the rights guaranteed by the first amendment, and limitations imposed...
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...Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production, with the goal of making a profit.[1][2][3] Central elements of capitalism include capital accumulation, competitive markets, and a price system.[4] There are, however, multiple variants of capitalism, including laissez-faire, welfare capitalism, and state capitalism. Capitalism is considered to have been applied in a variety of historical cases, varying in time, geography, politics, and culture. Discussing the impact of capitalism on culture can be difficult. In what way is “capitalism” responsible for a given aspect of culture, indeed can any aspect of culture be said to be a product of “capitalism”? Yes, certain aspects of culture and society can be said to be a product of “capitalism”, but defining how and why something is said to be a product of capitalism is very important. Some of the key concepts relating to an analysis of the effects of capitalism on culture are profit motive, commodity, human desire, and the market economy. The capitalist system is based on private ownership and consolidation of the means of production, where the production of commodities is guided by profit motive to satisfy human desires Definition: Materialism is the importance placed on material possessions. Someone with a high level of materialism, described as "materialistic," considers material possessions to be central to their life and their identity, and focuses a good deal of their energy on acquiring...
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...Hindus in South Asia and the Diaspora: A Survey of Human Rights 2011 www.HAFsite.org March 12, 2012 “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.” “One should never do that to another which one regards as injurious to one’s own self. This, in brief, is the rule of dharma. Yielding to desire and acting differently, one becomes guilty of adharma.” “Thus, trampling on every privilege and everything in us that works for privilege, let us work for that knowledge which will bring the feeling of sameness towards all mankind.” Swami Vivekananda, “The Complete works of Swam Vivekananda,” Vol 1, p. 429 Mahabharata XII: 113, 8 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, Article 1 "All men are brothers; no one is big, no one is small. All are equal." Rig Veda, 5:60:5 ...
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