...Motivational Similarities and Differences Motivational Similarities and Differences Edith Woodard Walden University Dr. Chappell PSYC-5240-1 Human Motivation March 13, 2012 Motivational Similarities and Differences 1. Motivational Similarities and Differences Human behavior is something that has become the focus of research all over the world. Everyone who is anyone wants to know what causes us as human beings “to do what we do, and to act the way we act.” Some say that “motivation is also a desire operating on the will and causing it to act.” (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2010, p.810). It is also considered to be “the primary driver of our behavior.” In times past “motivated behavior has also been studied as a rational attempt to achieve a specific articulated (or accessible) end or purpose, rather than as an attempt to fulfill an underlying emotionally-charged desire.” (Thrash & Elliot, 2001). “Most researchers believe that motivational theories explain the three interrelated aspects of human behavior which is the choice of a particular action, persistence with it and the effort expended on it, leaving it up to motivational psychologists to attest to these findings.” And to us motivation explains the why of our actions, and addresses the innermost parts of us which are our desires, or those buttons that are sometimes pushed that gives us that driving force to tackle things head on or maybe even act out of character. Our motivations say to us that...
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...Motivation Theories and Motivational Plan Essay Cristie M. Roach Grand Canyon University: EDA575 March 29, 2014 Motivation Theories and Plans within an Organization In his book Raising Positive Kids in a Negative World, motivation guru Zig Ziglar said, “Of course motivation is not permanent. But then, neither is bathing; but it is something you should do on a regular basis” (Goodreads, 2014). Motivation is the ability to get a person to commit to and actively participate in reaching the agreed upon goals. Motivation is a never-ending, daily process that takes time and careful thought. Motivation requires different strategies to produce different result at different times. There is “no single strategy that can produce guaranteed favorable results all the time” (Halepota, 2005). One of the difficulties in motivating a group of people is that they are individuals that often react differently to the same kind of change or action. Managers can work hard at creating a positive motivational atmosphere with the goal to achieve greater productivity, but they will probably not motivate everyone, because everyone is motivated by different things (Halepota, 2005). Motivational Theories Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a psychological theory that helps to understand human behavior and to select motivational strategies appropriate to each individual within the group. Understanding this theory helps to differentiate workers and their needs. Recognizing that several people within...
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...ruling document. GENERAL COURSE INFORMATION COURSE NUMBER: PSY320 COURSE TITLE: Human Motivation COURSE START DATE: 11/19/13 COURSE END DATE: 12/23/13 REQUIRED READING: Students are required to read all materials available at the Course Materials site for this course on Facilitator Availability I am available to you at most times throughout the week. I am very willing to make an appointment to be available to you as needed. If there are times that I will be away from my e-mail for an extended period to exceed 24 hours, I will post a message to that effect. The best way to reach me is by posting a question in your Individual folder, since the classroom is checked frequently. Phone calls are not a good way to contact me because I travel a great deal. In the extremely rare event that phone contact must occur, the best way is to schedule an appointment in advance. The University discourages the use of email during class times, preferring us to use the Individual folders. For emergencies, when you are not able to gain access to messages on the Online Learning System (OLS), please send a message to my personal email address. General Course Description This course seeks to synthesize the many theories of human motivation with the practical application of motivating employees. To this end, the course will examine historical theories as well as recent developments in the field of motivation and their relationship to management practices. The primary concepts of goals, quality...
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...Motivating the Sales Personnel Objectives Define motivation; Understand the complexity of motivation; Explain the main theories of motivation; Understand the impact of cultural differences on motivation; Explain various tools available for motivating the global sales force; and Discuss the relationship between motivation and job satisfaction. What is motivation? Motivation is the inner force that guides behaviour and is concerned with the causation of specific actions. Motivation is a three-dimensional construct consisting of the following: Intensity or the magnitude of mental activity and physical effort expended towards a certain action; Persistence or the extension of the mental activity and physical effort over time; and Direction or the choice of specific actions in specific circumstances. Understanding motivation Motivation should be understood at two levels: What motivates salespeople (the reasons behind the intensity and persistence of mental and physical effort expended) How salespeople choose their action (the direction or decision to engage in specific actions in specific circumstances) Motivational theories addressing the issue: “what” motivates salespeople Need Hierarchy Theory Self-actualisation needs Esteem needs Belongingness needs Security needs Physiological needs Physiological needs (e.g., basic salary); security needs (e.g., pension plan); belongingness needs (e.g., friends in work group); esteem needs (e.g., job title); self...
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...Abstract In this paper, it will define personal motivation of each employee of the organization or business. The discussion is a brief description of both situations and why he or she would be motivated or unmotivated. The next part of the paper defines how the situation aligns with the various motivational theories. Then the next part defines the specific motivational technique (if any) was at play in the motivational situation. In the case of an unmotivated situation and what technique should be implemented to correct the issue. Personal Motivation A personal motivation starts out with the employer or the organization, which that he or she works for. The personal motivation various theories are about people who have good or bad attitudes about the organization or workplace. Personal motivation is “fundamental to his or hers personal success both in sales and in general life. Given its obvious importance he or she think that people would be experts on motivating themselves wouldn’t people” (Ingram, 2007, p. 1). Motivated and Unmotivated The first topic to explain is a brief description of both situations and motivated and unmotivated. The word motivated means to set goals for the workplace so the employees can look forward to something at the end of the year or quarter. In any business trying to motivate employees could be a difficult task because some employees in general work hard for the...
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...Employee Portfolio: Motivation Action Plan MGT/311 June 30, 2013 Abstract Motivation is the process that determines how hard an individual works to achieve a goal. There are several modern theories of motivation that will help managers meet the motivational needs of their employees. Using the most appropriate theory of motivation will ensure that the motivational strategy and action plan selected will be effective and achieve the desired results. Keeping employees motivated will help the organization run smoothly and efficiently. Employee Portfolio: Motivation Action Plan Of the several modern motivational theories that are currently used, three have been selected to create a motivational action plan for the Riordan employees. Each plan is designed to help motivate the individual employee and keep them functioning at their highest level of quality. The motivational theory that has been selected for Jami is the self-determination theory. This theory is based on the belief that people need or want to control their own actions. The motivational action plan follows this theory by giving Jami some decision-making power. The action plan also offers verbal acknowledgment of the work that she performs. These actions will help keep Jami motivated and encourage her to strive for greater success. The motivational theory that best fits with the personality characteristics of Breana is the goal-setting theory. This theory focuses on the belief that by giving an employee...
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...Abstract The motivational force analysis is going to be examined in this paper and it is to be compared and contrasted with existing theoretical tools employed to understand motivation, since it’s redefining the way of using motivational tools in organizations. The Motivational force analysis is a tool used to find the appropriate measures taken to get the optimal output from employees. This is done by performing a theoretical, psychological and statistical analysis resulting in functions of cost, motivation and output of the business. These functions are used in an mathematical analysis that derive at the motivational-equilibrium i.e. value of optimal cost-output level of motivation. This paper will describe the process of performing a Motivational Force analysis in addition to consider its applicability to employees and organizations and examine it’s strengths and limitations by doing so. Table of Contents Introduction ………………………….......................…………......……………………………….. 1 Theoretical framework………………………….………………………………………………………….. 1 Why the motivational force analysis is needed …..…………………………………………………………2 Application of the analysis…………………………..……..………...………………………………………2 Data collection & experiment ………………..……………………………………………………………..3 Determine cost-output ……………………………………….........………………………………………….3 Determine cost-motivation…………………………………...……………………………………………….7 Mathematical analysis……………………………..............………………………………………………….7 Finding the motivational equilibrium…………………………...
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...How Motivational Techniques Affect an Organization: Full Sentence Outline Submitted To: How Motivational Techniques Affect an Organization I. What is motivation? A. “Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors” (Cherry, 2014, para 1). 1. Motivation is what causes a human begin to act in particular way, and defines why a person does something. 2. Motivation involves biological, emotional, social and cognitive factors within a person that initiate or activate a behavior. B. There are three major components to motivation. 1. Activation, persistence, and intensity are the three major components associated within motivating an individual. II. There are two major categories involved with motivation: Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation, and the balance that lies between them, known as the overjustification effect. A. What is Intrinsic motivation? 1. Intrinsic motivation refers to behavior that is driven by internal rewards. a. “Intrinsic motivation occurs when we act without any obvious external rewards” (Coon & Mitterer, 2010, para 2). b. “Intrinsic motivation refers to the reason why we perform certain activities for inherent satisfaction or pleasure” (Brown, 2007, para 1). 2. There are many factors that have been identified as increasing intrinsic motivation. a. Challenge, curiosity, control, cooperation, competition, and recognition are all factors shown in studies...
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...Motivational Essay Motivational Plan Grand Canyon University: EDA-575 April 2, 2014 Developing a Motivational Plan Researchers have stated that effective motivation of individuals in a organization can help the organization to achieve it's goals and lead to the individual's satisfaction within the organization (Razik & Swanson, 2010). In the field of educational leadership there is not only the motivation of the staff to consider but also the motivation of the students enrolled within the organization. Motivation of the staff focuses on job satisfaction where motivation of the student is more focused on their motivation to learn, but with both of these groups share a common motivation to achieve their individual goals. Rowell and Eunsook (2013.) stated that motivation is a complex psychological phenomenon, where there is not just one definition or successful theory on motivation. A school should examine many different theories of motivation to determine which ones will work best to motivate not only the student body but also the teachers to excel and achieve their goals. Motivational Theories In the field of psychology and human relations they have theorized many different ways in which people are motivated. One such idea named McGregor's Theory Y postulates that, “when managers treat their subordinates as creative, committed, competent people, both the manager and the subordinate will reap the rewards” ( Razik & Swanson, 2010, p. 107). Most...
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...Employee Motivation Motivation can be defined as: the psychological forces that push an individual’s behavior, effort, and level of persistence towards a certain direction. Motivation is, therefore, an important element an organization must consider when it wants to reach high levels of production and efficiency. In order to achieve the mentioned high production and efficiency levels, an organization must first understand what motivation is, how does it work, what are the classic motivational theories and techniques, and to use utilize those various techniques for optimum results. As explained above, motivation involves psychological forces that push employees into a desired direction accompanied with the appropriate level of behavior, effort, and persistence. From the definition, one would understand that motivation can work as an integral tool for goal and objective achievement. Motivation has several theories and techniques a firm must know to apply them on its employees: Motivational Theories: 1) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: this comes as a no surprise since Maslow explained that motivation is based on a sequenced hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy starts with the lowest physiological needs (Food, sleep, sex), followed by safety needs (Job security and environment safety), social needs (feelings of belonging and love), self-esteem needs (feelings of importance, value, and meaningfulness), and ended by the highest need of self-actualization, which is described...
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...Motivational Concepts Table Analysis January 7, 2013 Phillip A. Butler University of Phoenix PSY / 320 The subject of motivational concepts, although interesting could be viewed as highly complex as well. The study of motivation and emotion is largely a behavioral science, which suggests that answers to motivational questions require objective, data based empirical evidence gained from well conducted and researched peer review findings. Motivational concepts used need to be chosen carefully and continually evaluated against new finding to avoid being tossed aside. As useful concepts need to be improved there always new ones to be discovered. However, in order to move forward in this study of motivational concepts, which are largely derived from expert theories, we need to understand what they are. Reeves; Understanding Motivation & Emotions 2009 As defined in the text: “A theory is an intellectual framework that can be used to identify and explain the relationships that exist among naturally occurring observable phenomena”. Fiske 2004; Reeves; Understanding Motivation & Emotions 2009. Motivational researchers use theories to assist in the understanding in complex phenomena they study. To conduct this analysis a motivational concept table is used that depicts the name of the theory used, the major theorist of that category, the time period that it was created in, and any key theory concepts by that theorist. There are three “grand theories” described in the...
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...the challenge to work with transnational teams. International project teams are where most of the boundary spanning works in international enterprise goes on, making them a key factor in organizational success and an important catalyst for individual and organizational development. However, little is known about the management strategies on motivation of diversity, and existing information is scattered. Motivation is a key driver of performance, therefore it is important for management to know how they can influence motivation of transnational teams. This thesis will provide an overview of the effect of culture on the motivational strategy of management on transnational team motivation. This will be guided by the following research questions: RQ 1: How is management related to team motivation? RQ 2: What is the influence of team members’ cultural background on team motivation? RQ 3: How is the relation between motivational strategy of management and team motivation moderated by culture? Different motivational theories are discussed. The most applicable motivational theory with respect to management motivational strategy is the goal-setting...
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... 1. Introduction 2. Theories of motivation 3. Discussion 4. Role of communication in motivation 5. Leadership style and motivation 6. Conclusion 7. References INTRODUCTION: According to PMBOK (2008) “Project teams are comprised of team members with diverse backgrounds, expectations, and individual objectives. The overall success of the project depends upon the project team’s commitment, which is directly related to their level of motivation”. Role of motivation is very important, when people are working in form of teams, which is an essential practice while working on projects. As stated above in PMBOK, project team members have diversity in their backgrounds, objectives and expectations, so diverse nature of motivational tools and techniques are required for them, for the successful completion of the projects. To motivate people is also difficult in a sense, because different people are motivated with different incentives or motivational tools. Some are motivated only with fringe benefits (Bonus, salary or wages) while for others recognition, working environment and nature of job are main attractions. Different people are at their different levels of need satisfaction and motivation. Also people are different in their preferences and desires for motivation. According to Maslow’s theory, there are different level of needs, once one level is achieved, it no more serve as a motivational incentive and the motivational levels are shifted to next...
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...Developing a Motivational Plan Educational leaders are confronted with the task of inspiring and sustaining teacher motivation (Luce, 1998). In order to achieve such a daunting task, school administrators must be in tune to the motives and needs of the faculty in an effort to induce particular behaviors (Hersey, Blanchard, & Johnson, 2008). Motives can be defined as needs, drives, or wants within a person that result in an intentional or unintentional goal (Hersey et al., 2008). Determining what motivates all of the people all of the time presents quite a challenge, so a concentration on what motivates most of the people most of the time could be a realistic approach when applying a motivational theory (Razik & Swanson, 2010). The incisive school leader must be aware of the various means to utilize underlying intrinsic and extrinsic factors in conjunction with motivational theories to stimulate a motivational plan that will seek results. The implementation of a motivational theory that maximizes efforts of sustaining motivation among a majority of the staff is at the heart of my plan based on the extremely low levels of motivation within my school environment. I will highlight the self-determination theory and how its implementation can enhance motivation at my school. Self-Determination Theory The self-determination theory offers a structure that looks closely at the factors that influence motivation. According to this theory, the degree to which an environment is...
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...appreciate the performance of their employees and encourage them toward more quality work. Organizations have relies that it is not the punitive actions for bad performance which will bring the motivated employees but this reward system will do. This new thinking is driving away the organizations from “command and control” approach towards the “advice and consent” to motivate their employees. Analyzing the factors that affect job satisfaction, motivation and employee performance Agency theory could be helpful. Agency theory indicates the limits to which the organizations can hold their employees responsible for the organization performance. Agency theory can be use to solve the problems arise under conditions of incomplete and asymmetric information when a principal hires an agent. According to the agency theory the principal (owner or owners) must give delegate full authority to the agents (employees or managers) to work on their behalf and run the organization. Harrison R and Kessels J. (2004, Pp 25-26) The base behind this theory is that during the work for the organization the employee hired by the owner will try to achieve his own goals as will as owner’s goals. But according to Williamson...
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