Florence NightingaleConnecting Her Legacy With Local-to-Global Health Todayby Deva-Marie Beck, PhD, RN, AHN-BC, FAAN and Barbara Dossey, PhD, RN, AHN-BC, HWNC-BC, FAAN and Cynda H. Rushton, RN, PhD, FAANCE598 | 1.00 contact hrs |

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1 ) Nightingale called her work her: A. Calling | B. Must Correct | C. Love | D. Greatest accomplishment |

Rationale: Nightingale called her work her “must.”
2 ) Nightingale’s major focus was: A. The Nightingale School of Nursing | B. Worldwide service to humanity and communication of her knowledge Correct | C. Legislative resolutions to improve workhouses | D. Applied statistics in medical reform |

Rationale: For Nightingale, nursing was both an individual and a worldwide service of caring for humanity and of communicating her knowledge and commitment.
3 ) An increasingly severe global nursing shortage: A. Shows signs of becoming stable by 2015 | B. Is putting at risk the health of humanity and planet Correct | C. Exists only in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia | D. Exists only in Australasia and South America |

Rationale: An increasingly severe global nursing shortage pressures nurses everywhere, putting at risk the health of everyone on the planet.
4 ) The Nightingale letter collection in British and Wellcome Institute libraries totals: A. 5,000 letters | B. 35,000 letters | C. 14,000 letters Correct | D. 7,500 letters |

Rationale: Nightingale’s letters can be found in London at the Wellcome Library (4,000 letters to family and friends) and the British Library (10,000 letters to public officials and other correspondents).
5 ) Florence Nightingale reformed: A. St. Thomas Hospital Medical School’s curriculum | B. The Liverpool Workhouse Infirmary Correct | C. St. Thomas Hospital’s dietary delivery system | D. St. Bartholomew’s nurses working conditions |

Rationale: In the 1860s, she toiled to reform the Liverpool Workhouse Infirmary, where 1,200 impoverished and hungry people were crowded into unsanitary conditions. At Nightingale’s urging and through a well-run public awareness campaign and legislative pressure, reform of the entire British workhouse system included hiring salaried nurses, who addressed these conditions in workhouses for the first time.
6 ) Global leaders from _____ developed the MDGs. A. The WHO | B. UNICEF | C. UNDP | D. The U.N. Correct |

Rationale: In 2000, world leaders convened at the U.N. Headquarters in New York to establish eight U.N. Millennium Development Goals to work toward a sustainable quality of life.
7 ) The eight MDGs were established in: A. 1996 with target date of 2012 and 1995 benchmark | B. 2000 with target date of 2015 and 1990 benchmark Correct | C. 2005 with target date of 2020 and 2000 benchmark | D. 2008 with target date of 2012 and 2005 benchmark |

Rationale: In 2000, world leaders convened at the U.N. in New York to establish eight U.N. Millennium Development Goals to work toward a sustainable quality of life. For each goal, the U.N. set one or more targets to reach by 2015, using 1990 data as a benchmark.
8 ) The focus of MDG 4 is — A. Gender equality and empowerment of women | B. Improvement of maternal health | C. Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger | D. Reduction of child mortality Correct |

Rationale: MDG No. 4 is to reduce child mortality.
9 ) 9. The focus of MDG 5 is: A. Combat HIV/AIDS, TB and other diseases | B. Ensure environmental sustainability | C. Improve maternal health Correct | D. Develop a global partnership |

Rationale: MDG No. 5 is to improve maternal health.
10 ) According to MDG reports: A. Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia have made only small gains to prevent childhood deaths. Correct | B. Materal health is related to poor access to care. | C. Girl trafficking has declined in South Asia from 2 million to 500,000. | D. HIV/AIDS has increased by 1.8 million. |

Rationale: Every year, more than 287,000 women still die of childbirth and complications of pregnancy.This is related to poor access to healthcare, particularly to nurses, midwives and trained birth attendants in rural and impoverished areas.
11 ) In 2010, more than 287,000 women: A. Were saved childbirth-related deaths | B. Were treated for pregnancy-related illness, resulting in normal births | C. Received pregnancy-related education and newborn care | D. Died during childbirth and of risks of pregnancy Correct |

Rationale: Every year, more than 287,000 women die of childbirth and complications of pregnancy.
12 ) MDG 8 encourages: A. Administrative direction from large foundations to the local communities | B. Small and large interdisciplinary collaborations to improve health Correct | C. Nongovernmental oversight in South Asia | D. Physicians to direct care in disaster areas |

Rationale: MDG No. 8 is to develop a global partnership for development.