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Hurricane Katrina changed the way United States viewed floodplain management and flood risk management. The Great Mississippi River Flood of 1993 produced the highest economic damages of the century, killing over 130 people, costing over $20 billion dollars in flood damages. Hurricane Katrina caused over a million people to lose homes, jobs, and took over 1300 lives. It has been estimated the restoration of the communities and some level of flood protections will exceed over $100 billion dollars when it’s all done. Before the twin towers were hit on September 11, 2001, it seem like the United States was headed in the right directions with floodplain and risked management. Due to the terrorist attacks on that day, change the way America took their approach on homeland security. All the focus and money shifted to US Department of Defense, and the natural hazard management was kind of put on the back burner and basically forgot about until Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans, Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Hurricane Katrina changed the game for how America planned for flooding and risk management. When Hurricane Katrina hit, it was a slap in the face on the response to flooding that took place in New Orleans. Up to this point there was not a single inventory of levees and flood damage structures in United States. America became a reactive force instead of an active force. The Secretary of Defense got involved and requested the US National Academics to establish an additional panel to validate work of Interagency Performance Evaluation Task Force (IPET) and US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). The nation didn’t want to get caught again with their pants down, so they had no single point of failure this time. They made sure to get things right this time by having one person work on fixing and preventing something like Katrina to happen again. Then they had another person watching them, and another person watching them. Just like anything else, history repeats itself, and this time it’s on the east coast in New York City. Hurricane Sandy which was only a category I hurricane when it hit New York but flooded streets, tunnels, and subway lines which cut the power in and around the city. Where was the flood risk management for New York? I bet they will have one next time a hurricane comes around. The only problem I see with flood risk management is this, we spend all this money coming up with risk factors but in the end, what is it really doing. Mother Nature is going to have her way with whatever state she feels like. We can do all the planning we want, but in the end it’s not really going to matter. A category III Hurricane is going to be a category III hurricane and there is not much we can do to prevent the damage or route it’s going to take. In the end America let a Natural Hazard become a Natural Disaster. Reading the article on how to prevent a Natural Hazard from becoming a Natural Disasters was written very well, and it made very clear on how to prevent a natural disaster. The article was based out of Australia, and written by Geoff Boughton, but needs to be adopted in the United States. The three main elements that make up a Natural Disaster are an event that has the power to cause damage or disruption. The next would be the asset, which could be damaged or affected by the event and the circumstances which allow the event to cause damage to the asset. The bottom line to prevent any natural hazard to becoming a natural disaster is preparing knowing your area, and what hazards your area is vulnerable to. If you live near a fault line, in which earthquakes occur, you might want to upgrade your house or buy a house that are built to with stand earthquakes. If you live near the water, you might want to elevate your house, to deal with incoming tides and possible hurricanes. People have choices, and it’s their choices they make majority of the time determined the outcome. People don’t have to live near the water, but it’s their choice to do so, because of the view. With living near the water you’re vulnerable. If you chose to live in California, you have made a decision to deal with earthquakes, depending on the location you live at. Where ever you live you can plan to be prepare, but with that comes money. Money plays a huge factor when dealing with preparing or trying to prevent future damage to your home. It’s was the problem with the government in New Orleans. America got away from preparing and analyzing the risk of floods due to the attacks on September 11, 2011. We focus more on Homeland Security then we did on Natural Disasters, in which is understandable due to the amount of deaths on 9/11. In Hurricane Katrina we lost about 1,900 people and on 9/11 we lost about 3,000. The only problem with America as I said earlier is, we are a reactive force, which deals with problems after they happen. If we were an active force, we would be ahead of the game instead of behind it. I feel as a country, we take one step forward and then take three steps back. I feel we will never fully be prepared for any natural hazard because they are only getting stronger and worst. Mother Nature is adapting to mankind slowing killing this earth. With climate changes and pollution we conduct on this earth, is only forcing her (Mother Nature) hand twice as strong. Just as humans and animals do, to overcome any situation, like adapting to a climate or a change in the Eco system, the weather does too. I feel it’s only a matter of time before the next big storm takes place, and we are not going to be able to do anything to prepare for it. Strap in your seatbelts and enjoy the ride.

References

Books:
Patrick L. Abbott, Natural Disasters: Eight Edition

Online: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy http://1howmany.com/how-many-people-died-in-9-11

Articles:
Boughton, G. “Planning To Prevent Natural Hazards from Becoming Natural Disasters” Australian Planner (1991): 198-201
Galloway, GE. “Flood risk management in the United States and the impact of Hurricane
Katrina” Intl. J. River Basin Management 6.4(2008): 301–306.

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