...Marine aquatic ecosystems are considered to be the largest of the aquatic ecosystems on Earth. They have a high salinity and include bodies of water such as the ocean, lagoon, the deep sea, and sea floors. Once of the marine ecosystems that has been a central focus, especially recently, is the Gulf of Mexico. The Gulf of Mexico is located off of the Atlantic Ocean, and it is considered to have a tropical climate. According to epa.gov, The Gulf of Mexico is the ninth largest body of water in the world. Some of the species or habitants that dwell in the gulf are different types of whales, dolphins, sea turtles, and sea-birds. Along the sea floor there are coral reef situated. There are also large birds The Gulf of Mexico produces a variety of resources that we use. One of the main resources is the fisheries provided in the gulf. Fisheries in the gulf are considered one of the most productive in the world. In 2010, the estimated shellfish and commercial fish harvest from the gulf fisheries was estimated to be about 1.3 billion pounds (epa.gov). Agriculture is definitely affected by the Gulf of Mexico. There is currently an area that is called the dead zone. Within this area of the gulf, there is an excessive supply of nitrogen in this area due to fossil fuel combustion, crop cultivation, and synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. With the increase of nitrogen, there is a process that is called hypoxia that will occur. Many people believe that the species in the fisheries will be...
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...Natural vs. Traditional Energy Jasmine Upshaw HUM/114 April 8, 2014 AJ Merrill Natural vs. Traditional Energy When one thinks of the United States, they wonder how people are able to protect it and save money to prolong the finances of its citizens. One of the ways both of these goals can be accomplished is to practice using natural power as a major resource. Using traditional energy is hurting the environment, as well as costing manufacturers more money to produce the needed energy to function on a day-to-day basis (Just Energy, 2013). When traditional energy is produced, the use of carbon dioxide increases the warmth of the planet which increases the chances of abnormal and harmful conditions. In the past couple of years, there has been an extreme change in weather patterns. This caused noticeable effects such as an increase of droughts, wildfires, hurricanes, and intense rainstorms (Natural Resource Defense Council, 2013). The only way to change these conditions is to practice using natural energy and limit the use of carbon dioxide. Natural energy consists of energy being produced by solar, wind, and other renewable sources. There are no resources being used that hurt the ozone layer. These ways generate energy that does not harm the environment. Production is also cost efficient, which is beneficial to keeping everything running. Some habits that hinder my thinking may be my lack of compassion for the view of the opposing side. I also have a habit of only seeing...
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...Natural Resources and Energy Paper A forest is a natural resource needed by the earth, humans, and species. There are three types of forests. The three types include “tropical, temperate, boreal forests” (The forest biome p. 1, 2006). Recently forests occupy about “one-third of Earth’s land area, and account for over two-thirds of the leaf area of land plants, and contain about 70% of carbon present in living things” (The forest biome p. 1, 2006). Forests produce vital oxygen and provide homes for people and wildlife. Forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change. A forest have several management practices for sustainability and conservation. There are several risks and benefits of extracting and using one type of nonrenewable and one type of renewable energy. The growth of human population has affected forest resources in several ways. The affected forests have caused harm to the population of wild species and have majorly impacted agriculture. Impacts associated with agriculture Between 2000 and 2010 about 13 million hectares of forests were lost per year to agriculture and other uses (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2013). Agroecosystems are very different from the ecosystems seen in nature. Unlike natural ecosystems, agroecosystems are large areas that have been planted with a single species or single strain or subspecies. This often makes them more susceptible to disease. Also, the agroecosystems are often planted in simple geometric...
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...Natural Resources and Energy Paper Christine Phipps, Kelly Doscher, Whitney Koba, Yharatzed Caceres, and Stuart Wilson SCI 256 May 9, 2010 Stephanie Gordon Natural Resources and Energy Paper In most tropical countries, only one tree is being replanted for every 10 cut down (Iowa Public Television, 1995-2010). Tropical rainforests “cover about 2% of earth’s surface, but house over half of world’s plant and animal species…” (Iowa Public Television, 1995-2010). Rainforests are vanishing quickly off the earth; over half have been destroyed in the last 10 years. While undefined, there are effects on the tropical rainforest based upon growing human population. There are proper management practices for conservation of natural resources but it is still necessary to determine the risks and benefits of extracting energy. Throughout this essay these points will all be discussed. Effects of Human Population Human population growth directly impacts the natural environment, natural resources, and ecosystems. The majority of tropical rainforests are located in moderately developed and developing nations that are experiencing exponential population growth. Wright maintains that 95% of the world’s population growth is occurring in developing nations at a rate of 1.5% annually, adding 75 million in a year (2008). Population growth adds pressures to natural resources as the need for living space, agricultural land and, food supplies increases. The biggest and most devastating...
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...------------------------------------------------- Yellowstone Ecosystem Learning Team “C” 12/7/2015 Instructor: Dr. Ted Smith Yellowstone Ecosystem One of the largest and most complicated ecosystems on Earth is the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. This ecosystem is home to everything from mountains, lakes, forests, geysers, rivers, and meadows. Because this area is so large, it is the habitat to thousands of different species of plants and animals. In this paper we will discuss the natural resources and energy initiatives of the ecosystem and the functions in place to actively sustain them. ------------------------------------------------- There have been many impacts associated with agriculture at the Yellowstone National Forest. Agriculture is significant part of the forest lands but it has declined over the years yet, the park continues agricultural crop. The Yellowstone ecosystem has very high plant productivity. There have been houses built in certain areas where biodiversity is most essential, exclusively around grizzly bear territory, bird habitat, and anywhere along rivers and streams. Over the last few years, climate change has impacted Yellowstone National Forest and not necessarily in a positive way. It is predicted that 25 years from now, climate change will most likely strip away from forest ecosystems, specifically the one that supports Yellowstone National Park due to rising temperatures increasing so much and having the high chance of catastrophic...
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...Dangerous and Natural Energy Cristopher L. Butler Kaplan University SC300: Prof: Tanya Crail What’s a earthquake? According to the Geology Labs on-line website an earthquake is the sudden release of stored energy, caused by the shifting of tectonic plates. The energy release is a shock wave or seismic wave. The seismic wave is what causes the ground to move or shake, when this occurs we have a earthquake. According to the 2008 United States National Seismic Hazard Maps a lot of the west coast as far south as Hawaii, and north to Alaska has a lot of earthquake activity. The Pacific “Ring of Fire” (named for the large amount of active volcanoes), has a lot of tectonic activity. Tectonic plates are large plates of rock that make up the foundation of the Earth's crust and the shape of the continents. Question: What patterns do you see in the distribution of earthquakes across the continental United States? Answer: Earthquakes occur on fault lines, a location where tectonic plates have collided together and shifted or are sliding past each other. The size of the earthquake depends on how much slide or shift occurred. Most fault lines are located in costal areas, because of the continental and oceanic plates colliding together. Most of the United States earthquakes occurs on the west coast. California, and the entire west coast including Hawaii, and Alaska have the highest hazard rating at 64+, central locations of the United States like Texas, North and South Dakota...
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...July 19, 2012 Discuss how energy can be converted from one form to another, giving specific examples. Today there are many different forms of energy and they all have the ability to transform produce change and to do work. How energy is converted from to another is based on the law of conservation of energy. “The law of conservation of energy is that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transferred or transformed from one form to another including transformation into or from mass, as matter.” Examples of energy are those that follow: Mechanical energy stored or moving energy also referred to as potential or kinetic energy, electrical energy the movement of electrons, thermal energy heat of an object, and radiant energy light and warmth of the sun are all energies that can be converted to another form of energy. For example, the chemical energy stored in the muscles of our legs is converted to kinetic energy or mechanical energy when we pedal, a toaster oven plugged into an electrical socket takes electrical energy and converts it to heat/thermal energy, and radiant energy converted to heat energy provided by the sun that heats earth. Define what we mean by fossil fuels and explain why there are attractive sources of energy. Fossil fuels are also natural resources of energy that is a product of millions of years of decomposed plant and animal pressured by heat trapped underground. Natural gas, coal, and petroleum, are all examples of...
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... | | |B. | | |Fuel Oil | | | | | |C. | | |Natural Gas | | | | | |D. | | |Coal | | | | Correct! [pic] Natural Gas supplies 53% of the fuel used to heat homes during the winter. Natural gas is typically cheaper than other fuels, required no storage, and fairly clean (no ash produced). |[pic]|Points Earned:...
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...The Importance of Energy For plant Earth, the Sun is the main source for all energy. It is the main essential thing that provides us with light, warmth and energy. Some organisms, such as plants and algae, create their own food using the sun as their main source of energy. In turn the fuel the rest of the world by creating energy for animals and humans after being consumed. They also remove carbon dioxide from the air and replenish oxygen for us to breath. This process, through which this energy is harnessed and used to create food, or carbohydrates, is called photosynthesis. Can the energy of the sun be harnessed by humans to create energy? It can be and it is through the use of solar cells. Photosynthesis and solar cells are similar, yet different in a few ways. Creating Our Own Energy Humans have figured out how to use the power of the sun for energy. Using Solar panels containing semiconductors, we can turn the sun into electricity, a very popular form of energy. In this way, photosynthesis and solar cells are similar, both using the suns light to create a form of energy. The type of energy created, however, is where one difference comes into play. Plants create a chemical energy known as carbohydrates, a simple organic compound of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen, while solar cells use semiconductors to produce electricity. Use of Electrons Solar Cells and Photosynthesis both use a form of an electron transport system to create their energy. In photosynthesis...
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... 2012 Photosynthesis is “the conversion of light energy into chemical energy by living organisms”. The raw materials used in this process are carbon dioxide and water; the energy source used is sunlight and the end products are oxygen and carbohydrates. This process can be thought of as the most biochemical pathway, since nearly all life on Earth is dependent either directly or indirectly on it. A solar cell is “any device that directly converts the energy in light into electrical energy through the process of photovoltaics”. Photosynthesis and solar cells are similar in a variety of ways. Both systems trap energy from the sun. Plants use photosynthesis to trap energy from the sun and then convert it to food and solar cells trap their energy from the sun and then convert it to electricity. Another similarity with both systems is that they both transform energy into useful forms. The energy that is absorbed by the sun can be used to make solar electricity while the most widely useful product of photosynthesis is oxygen, which is used by all animals here on Earth. In order for animals to survive, they must deliver oxygen to all cells of the body. Finally, both systems require the use of sunlight to begin their processes. Photosynthesis uses chlorophyll, which can be found in green leaves, to absorb energy from the sun and solar cells use photovoltaic cells to absorb light. Even though both systems are similar...
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... Spring, 2013 Unit 2 Summary 4/25 Outcomes: 1. To review air quality issues related to fossil fuel consumption and the limitations of this resource. 2. To define energy, work, heat, and temperature in scientific (thermodynamic) terms, and how the terms calorie, nutritional Calorie, joule, and kilojoule are related. 3. To describe the First Law of Thermodynamics as the conservation of energy, and the interplay of kinetic, potential, heat and work energy. To describe and apply the Second Law of Thermodynamics from several points of view: randomness, chaos, probability, distribution of matter and energy, energy efficiency. 4. To know that we measure energy only through change, such as with a calorimeter. 5. To use potential energy diagrams to represent changes that take place in reactions 6. To use the terms endothermic and exothermic to describe the entry or exit of heat from chemical systems (and that the opposite change must take place in the surroundings). 7. To know that energy changes in reactions come from changes in chemical bonds, and how they can be estimated from differences in bond energies of bonds broken vs. formed. 8. To express and interpret these changes in potential energy diagrams and apply these skills to the combustion of fuels. 9. To view and describe recent trends in energy source utilization. 10. To give specific details on the composition of coal and its impacts on environmental quality. Assignments: Read §4.1 – 4.5. Recommended...
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...VOICE OF HEALTH Healer.A.Umar Farook, M.Acu., D.Ed (Acu) English Translation: Healer.R.Gnanamurthy, M.Acu., D.Ed (Acu) Edited by: Malarvizhi VOICE OF HEALTH Healer.A.Umar Farook, M.Acu., D.Ed (Acu) First Published : November, 2010 Published by Indian Universities Press 421, Anna Salai, im print of Bharathi Puthagakalayam Teynampet, Chennai - 600 018 Email: thamizhbooks@gmail.com www.thamizhbooks.com Ph: 044-24332424, 24332924, 24339024 Rs.100/\ print: Jothi Enterprices, Chennai -5 Thanks to ACUPUNCTURE HEALERS ORGANISATION Hr.Bose.K.Mohamed Meera Hr.Magi Ramalingam Hr.P.V.Devarajan Hr.M.J.Pandian Hr.P.M.Umar Farook CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Learning Language Health is Strength Immunity is Life Eat Hunger Fate Prevails! One plus One is not Two Creating and Protecting Disease an Imagination Diseases of Exact Science 5 7 9 12 14 16 19 22 25 27 30 34 40 44 52 56 60 68 77 10. Quietness is Pleasantness! 11. Waste stagnation causes Death! 12. Action and Reaction 13. Reason behind Stories 14. Shining and the Sign! 15. Elixir is Venom 16. Thirst - Hunger as per requirement! 17. Milk - is it Food? 18. Poison-less Food 19. Love Nature! Come back to Nature 1 Learning Language E veryone has their own language. Expressing our needs, sharing our feelings – it is through language that we create our relationships with others. Language is a necessary communication tool for people. Beyond our mother tongue, we learn languages of neighboring...
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... ECONOMICS BLOCK-CHARGE Command Associated keywords: BLOCK-SCH SCH-FLAG DEMAND-RATCHETS TOU-SEASON-LINKS BLOCKS-ARE BLOCK1-TYPE through BLOCK5-TYPE BLOCKS-1 through BLOCKS-5 COSTS-1 through COSTS-5 LIMITS-1 through LIMITS-5 BLOCK-CHARGE (B-C)(30) BLOCK-CHARGEs are used to calculate energy or demand costs that vary according to the amount consumed. BLOCK-CHARGEs are also used for time-of-use demand charges. Up to 30 BLOCKCHARGEs may be defined, and up to 10 may be referenced by each UTILITY-RATE. The same BLOCK-CHARGE may be referenced by more than one UTILITY-RATE; the program automatically makes as many working copies as are required. See the RATCHET command. BLOCK-CHARGE defines the energy or demand charges that vary according to the amount used. The time period over which a BLOCK-CHARGE is used is defined in a schedule so that different rates can be used at different times of the year. When a time-of-use demand charge is being assessed, this schedule allows demands to be billed for different times of the day and season. BLOCK-CHARGEs allow costs that vary with quantity to be computed, such as $0.05 for the first 5000 kWh, $0.035 for the next 10000 kWh, etc. BLOCK-CHARGEs for energy and demand take the metered values for the billing period as determined in the parent UTILITY-RATE. These are adjusted by any minimum quantities...
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...By Jazmine Bennett Jarett Diamond Gary Fischer Kerby Smithson A project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Natural Resources and Environment) School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Michigan April 2010 Project Advisor: Scott Noesen Disclaimer Unless otherwise explicitly stated, the views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the University of Michigan, the School of Natural Resources and the Environment, the Arbor Brewing Company, or any entity other than the members of the Green Brewery Project student team. This document contains many forward-looking statements, including predictions of project costs, payback periods, performance characteristics, incentive award amounts, etc. Such statements are the results of careful analysis by the team, using the best information available at the time, and based on certain expectations and assumptions which are identified wherever possible. A variety of factors could cause the actual results to differ from predicted outcomes. Advice from qualified professionals should be sought to complement the advice contained herein. The Green Brewery Project | Disclaimer i Acknowledgements The Green Brewery Project could not have been a success without the help of many people and organizations. First we would like to thank Matt and Rene Greff and all of the Corner Brewery Staff for allowing us to do this project and being cooperative...
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...Chapter 2 ENERGY CONVERSION AND GENERAL ENERGY ANALYSIS W hether we realize it or not, energy is an important part of most aspects of daily life. The quality of life, and even its sustenance, depends on the availability of energy. Therefore, it is important to have a good understanding of the sources of energy, the conversion of energy from one form to another, and the ramifications of these conversions. Energy exists in numerous forms such as thermal, mechanical, electric, chemical, and nuclear. Even mass can be considered a form of energy. Energy can be transferred to or from a closed system (a fixed mass) in two distinct forms: heat and work. For control volumes, energy can also be transferred by mass flow. An energy transfer to or from a closed system is heat if it is caused by a temperature difference. Otherwise it is work, and it is caused by a force acting through a distance. We start this chapter with a discussion of various forms of energy and energy transfer by heat. We then introduce various forms of work and discuss energy transfer by work. We continue with developing a general intuitive expression for the first law of thermodynamics, also known as the conservation of energy principle, which is one of the most fundamental principles in nature, and we then demonstrate its use. Finally, we discuss the efficiencies of some familiar energy conversion processes, and examine the impact on energy conversion on the environment. Detailed treatments...
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