In Favour:
Naxalites, also known as Naxals, are a group of people waging violent struggle on behalf of the oppressed tribes and landless labourers against the landlords and others exploiting them. The inception, ideology, spread and sustenance of Naxalism are deeply rooted in socio-economic conditions. The ideology of Naxalite is to fight oppression and exploitation to create a classless society. The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) is the political guise that promulgates the Naxalite ideology.
The manifestation of the above ideology is seen in the very first Naxalbari uprising that took place in 1967 in Naxalbari village of Darjeeling district. The local goons there attacked a tribal who had been given land, under the tenancy laws, by the court. In retaliation, the tribals attacked landlords and claimed the land. The West Bengal State Secretariat of the CPI (M) stated, “Behind the peasant unrest in Naxalbari lies a deep social malafide transfers, evictions and other anti-people actions of tea gardeners and jotedars.”
India is a free country but its people are yet to acquire freedom from hunger and deprivation and that the rich class of Zamindars, traders, industrialists, etc. control the means of production. Very often, the Adivasis, the Dalits and the underprivileged poor, who work as landless labourers for penny are exploited by the filthy rich landlords and are paid frequently below the mandated minimum wage rate. These people are often left untouched by India’s development and bypassed by the electoral process.
The tribals were alienated from their very own land and this turned out to be a major issue of economic welfare. It was evident in the Srikakulam Naxal movement. By the time of uprising only 1/3rd of the tribals owned the land. Alienation was not only because of the money lender’s trap but also because the government restricted the access to forest land which was ideally the exclusive territory of the tribals. The government officials harassed the tribals under the guise of implementing the regulations on forest access. The tribals had lost the access to forest produce, forest assets on which they were thriving since genrations. It was an integral part of their way of living and the primary source of income. The Naxalites helped these downtrodden people.
The most deprived section of the society was that of Bargadars, the sharecroppers, who were not protected under the land reforms act of 1950s. The 1961 estimated that 82% of the tenancies in the country were insecure. Until 1970 the Bargadars received no protection. It was then that Naxalbari uprising took place and the government took the right action to amend the act.
Our Ex-PM Dr.ManMohan Singh warned, “Naxalism is the greatest threat to our internal security”. However, the credit for the survival of the movement for over 46 years now goes to the Government which failed miserably in addressing the causes and conditions that sustain the movement.
Today, the Naxalites are not against capitalism but they are against those rich industrialist or zamindars who bribe the government officials and political leaders for taking away the land and living of the tribals. The movement is against those govt officials who go away with the money allotted for the development of the dalits, the adivasis and other poor.

“Against the notion”
As per the Naxalite ideology India is better without the likes of Ambanis, the Tata’s the Birlas they are all a bunch of Sahukars and Baniya’s who should actually be shot down Capitalism has always been presented as a curse on society. The capitalist is equated to the greedy, the dictator, the “Sahukars” and the Baniya’s and capitalists have been presented as corrupt unjustified and money-hungry people, who, for their own profits will go to any lows.
The slogan of “jai jawan, jai kisaan” favored Indian youth and farmers, but the entrepreneurs and businessmen were posed as wrong. Anyone looking for his own profits and progress was posed as a danger for the nation and society. Through media and movies, socialism was taught; it was taught that if inflation is there, the reason is black marketers and capitalism.
The governmental plot, to keep Indian public under economic slavery was well integrated by the Government through the media and the movies with an emotional touch towards poverty and nation, while Capitalism and demand for Individual freedom was typically discriminated and prohibited. Nobody ever thought that privatization, and the “right” drift towards Capitalism only will save the weak nation and poor individuals from the socialistic political dishevel
The naxalite movement has been reduced to glorified terrorism, hundreds and thousands and millions of innocent, good people have been killed for no fault of theirs at the altar of glorified socialism. Millions have taken to mindless terrorism as a vocation, as a means of livelihood under the banner of Naxalism.
I would like to make it clear that by condemning the naxalite terrorist activities which are actually harming the interests of the poor and the downtrodden, instead of alleviating their problems, I am not against the purpose for which the naxalite movement was originally founded, yes we as a nation need to certainly address the oppression of the poor and the downtrodden, and the economically weaker sections of our society. But their vision has now changed over the years. Under the guise of helping the oppressed people they have started extortion from zamindars and money lenders. This in no way justifies their purpose.
Today the spirit of free enterprise and capitalism has made the USA the world’s superpower, however the economic and social justice is far superior in the USA as compared to the communist super powers like China and the USSR.
Are we saying that there is no economic disparity of rich and poor in the communist countries, is every citizen of the communist countries equally powerful and wealthy, if we believe so we are kidding ourselves.
Yes the Government has not done enough and has failed in many respects to address the a cause of the economically weaker sections of society, but that in no way gives a license for mindless inhuman terrorism.
All this finally culminates into the idea that by following the path of terrorism and creating an atmosphere of civil war, naxalism is in no way helping the poor and the oppressed. It is hindering the prospects of growth available to the oppressed and the downtrodden section of the society.