...Unit 12- Ways of reducing/preventing crime There are many ways of reducing and preventing crime in the UK, this could be through the power of intelligence led policing, PCSO’s, community safety partnerships, neighbourhood watches Etc. All of these ways can be used to prevent and reduce crime in one significant way or the other, these can improve a community or make a family feel safer in their respected community. Intelligence led policing is a so called strategy that is all future orientated to control crime, this was introduced as a model for policing that ensures that all information is fully researched, developed and analysed to administer intellect which enforces senior managers to provide a strategic direction, lets them make tactical resourcing decisions Etc. There is a reason why this law was administered out, this was because people believed that the police were spending too much time responding to crime and too little targeting offenders. This initiative aims to establish that all police forces use the exact same methods to classify and store information so it can be easily shared and distributed by other forces. By using intelligence led policing, local police officers will be patrolling around key esteemed areas retailed crime across the UK. This method allows police officers to focal point their endeavour and resources on specific individuals and areas so they can make a community feel safer and secure. When the terrorist attacks happened on the 11th of September...
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...Right Realism Right realism advocates ‘small’ government and considers the phenomenon of crime from the perspective of political conservatism. Right realism assumes it takes a more realistic view of the causes of crime and deviance. Right realists believe crime and deviance are a real social problem that requires practical solutions. It is said that right realism perpetuates moral panics as a means of swaying the public to agree with their views. For example, the media claims that elderly people are scared to be attacked when venturing out, when in actuality crimes against OAP’s are minimal. (0.3 against men 75+ and 0.2 against women aged the same). Right realists believe that official statistics often underreport crime. But right realists believe they are able to paint a more realistic picture of crime and deviance in the UK. Right realists believe that crime is a growing social problem and is largely committed by lower working class male juveniles, often black, in inner city areas. Right realists believe that there are six causes of crime: The breakdown in moral fabric of society; a growing underclass in the UK; a breakdown in social order; opportunity for crime and that some people commit crime as a deliberate and rational choice. As more crime is committed, society itself deteriorates and this in turn leads to more crime. Marsland in 1988 stated that crime and deviancy is linked to the breakdown in the moral fabric of society. Schools and religion have become...
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...of crime and the witnesses in order for them to feel safe giving information. (P4) Describe the effects crime has on the communities and individuals Crime has a lot of impact on the victims and other individuals that may be affected. Elderly, children, different cultures, etc. are all groups of people that are negatively impact by crime, but as they are different, some are affected more and some are not so bothered. • Elderly – elderly people are effected quite negatively by crime, this is because higher expectations of the community and they are a lot more vulnerable. If they are a target of crime they may feel helpless and very afraid. Even if the elderly are not first-hand victims of the crime, they may feel unsafe in their neighbourhood if a neighbour or a relative is a victim. With anti-social behaviour, elderly may be targeted more if they do not speak up for other crimes that they might have been too scared to report. As elderly people a lot of the time, are more fragile, they may be frightened to even leave their home, and might move away from the crime area. • Teenagers – teenagers are...
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...observational learning. Children appreciate their parents without judging them because they are the role models. Children have an ability to learn more by observing others doing any kind of work. Children have brain like a plain paper. They learn good or bad from what they watch around them. First, they watch their family members, how they communicate with each other, their lifestyle, and way of living. They get same impression because they spend most of their time with them. They copy the information which is the most characteristic of humans and is called imitation. Psychologically the children are into the phase of sensitive learning, they rapidly copy the behaviour of their parents which is imprinted on their minds. Sometimes the learning is the result of an event which is recorded in their memory and by observation and repetition becomes a part of their habits. Secondly, they adopt many habits from the society. If they communicate with well-educated or well-mannered people then they can learn good moral values and if their neighbourhood and society members have some bad qualities it influences them negatively. Similarly, children have parents who teach them and prepare them for life. Parents have the first and strongest influence on their children. Children observe their way of doing the things. People who are chain smokers or alcoholics must know that children watch their activity and they are leaving bad impression on the children's mind. Sometimes these activities have...
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...taking place in our cities, states and country, this increases the public’s fear of being victimized and creates a sense of impending violence. This article attempts to prove that the reporting on violent crime in the media in regards to levels of violence in our communities is actually beneficial in protecting the public by creating a: ‘Fear of Crime-Media Feedback Model’, whereby the media influences levels of fear in its audience and affects their routine activity, thereby affecting their exposure to potentially victimizing situations by encouraging avoidance behavior; influencing people to remain in their home as opposed to venturing onto the streets. The researcher believes that with further research, the model could be used to reduce the victimization risk to the public by using media reporting to influence the public’s behavior. Methods While the researcher did not conduct his own data gathering research, he did utilize research work that had been done in on this subject to support his thesis. The subject matter of these works include; the introduction of the ‘fear of Crime-Media Feedback model, violent crime and avoidance behavior, the Routine Activity Theory (RAT), and encouraging the use of technology by youth to increase in-home activities. These works include but are not limited to; Cashmore, J. (2012). ‘Crime reducing entertainment: The contribution of media entertainment and communication technologies to the UK’s victimisation drop’. Internet Journal of...
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...ST GREGORY THE GREAT PROVINCIAL MAJOR SEMINARY NAME: SETH FRIMPONG COURSE: DIVERSITY OF PEOPLE AND CULTURES TOPIC: SOCIALIZATION 1.0 Definition / Scope Sociologists, Social Psychologists, anthropologists, as well as Educationalists and Politicians use the word “Socialization” in reference to the process through which an individual inherits the norms, customs and ideologies of the social order they live in. Socialization is necessary for making an individual capable of interacting within the society and a society itself shares the common values, customs, norms, traditions languages etc. Socialization is the process whereby the helpless infant gradually becomes a self-aware, knowledgeable person, skilled in the ways of the culture into which she or he is born. Socialization is not a kind of ‘cultural programming’, in which the child absorbs passively the influences with which he or she comes into contact. Socialization is a lifelong process by which one keep learning and developing oneself as a human being. Socialization process is very important as it teaches one to behave in a society. Without socialization, one would not be able to learn the accepted customs, norms, symbols, languages and behaviours. Socialization helps one develop and shape one’s place by learning social skills. Socialization in a layman’s sense is the process of learning from others. This learning process starts right after birth or after the emergence from the womb. It is Socialization...
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...The United Energy Smart Meter Project At the request of the Victorian Government United Energy is currently engaging in “best efforts” to replace the analogue meters on its network with smart meters. Smart meters are an advanced energy meter that measures the energy consumption of a consumer (Depuru, Wang and Devabhaktuni 2011), they allow for demand response energy distribution based on on-peak and off-peak consumption. The benefits of Smart meters are well recognised by many counties with world-wide deployment of digital meters expected to reach 212 million units by 2014, perceived benefits include; energy efficiency, environmental benefits, more consumer choice, better services and greater market competition. (Gerwen, Jaarsma & Wilhite R 2009, Filippini, Hrovatin & Zoric 2004, Victorian Auditor General 2009) About United Energy United Energy is an energy distributor responsible for the infrastructure required to distribute energy from the power station to the consumer. There are currently 16 major distribution networks in Australia with each energy distributor maintaining a monopoly over its designated area. (AEC 2009) Energy distributors own, operate and maintain the network of infrastructure that transports electricity from the generator to the consumer. They do not work directly with the consumer and instead work with energy retailers who are responsible for managing the relationship with the consumer. Energy retailers will bulk purchase energy from an energy...
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...| Higher managerial, administrative or professional | B | Middle class | Intermediate managerial, administrative or professional | C1 | Lower middle class | Supervisory or clerical and junior managerial, administrative or professional | C2 | Skilled working class | Skilled manual workers | D | Working class | Semi-skilled and unskilled workers | E | Those at the lowest level of subsistence | State pensioners or widows, casual or low grade workers | Lifestyle looks at the people and not the product trying to relate lifestyle patterns to purchasing behaviour. A lifestyle is a way that someone behaves, which they have got from part of the community. There are a few models of lifestyle; one of the most well-known is sagacity life cycle groupings. This basically looks at how people have different aspirations and behavioural patterns at different stages in their life. There are four main stages of the life cycle which are pre-family, family, late and dependant. Dependant – mainly under 24s, living at home or full time students Pre-family – under 35s, have been established with their own household but no children Family – Parents under 65, with one or more children...
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...defiant and anti authoritarian stance. By engaging in various forms of law breaking activities young men can express their refusal to settle for a subordinate social status. Joyriding, is a particularly effective and conspicuous front stage strategy and encapsulates the ethos of the counterculture they subscribe to. Success, for Limerick men who engage in this activity, is defined by their capacity to flirt with danger, take risks whilst simultaneously steering clear of the Gardaí (Kelleher, O'Connor, 2011). In limerick's housing estates, Hourigan (2011, p.177) noted that over time young men graduate through a series of stages, from watching joy riders to actually driving cars: When I was young I used to rob cars...At first I used to watch the older lads robbing cars. It is exciting. Everyone gathers around. Girls stand at the corners looking on. Then I was a passenger in the car. Then I drove. (Paddy) Finally most of the cars are burned out. Whilst wider Irish society perceives this activity as incredibly dangerous and destructive, a report to The Priorswood Task Force on Joyriding found that the young men involved can derive a range of positive emotions from it - a sense of skill, achievement, status and popularity (Rush, Brudell, Mulcahy, 2006). Joy riding, however, is a deliberately overt field strategy. It is an activity that enables young men to forcefully assert their presence in a way that cannot be ignored. Snow and Anderson (1987) maintained that encounters...
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...PLN 2601- Assignment 3 Timothy Reed Sn: 10181773 Contents Scope 3 Urban Design 3 Principles/Elements 3 Local Character 3 Quality of the public realm 4 Connectivity 4 Diversity 5 Area Background 5 Local Character 5 Connectivity 6 Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design 7 Renewable Energy 8 Density 8 Mixed use 9 Adaptability 10 High quality public realm 10 Integrated decision making 11 User participation 11 Reccomendations 11 Glossary 11 Bibliography 12 Scope This report will identify and briefly discuss the Environmental and Physical influence, the particular urban design principles, and what opportunities and constraints these principles present for urban design application generally. The report will then discuss, with examples, how Wastewater management, Mixed use development, and public access and amenity, already apply in the area surrounding Grand Boulevard to the south of Joondalup Central business district (Appendix A). It then provides recommendations on how green roofs, crime prevention and housing density, can be applied to this area, to address the constraints and/or take advantage of opportunities. Urban Design A definition of urban design has been offered in an article by Kevin Cambell and Robert Cowan in Planning (12 February 1999). Urban design can be considered to be "the art of shaping the interaction between, people and places, environment and urban form, and nature and built fabric, and influencing...
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...UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE MORGAN ZINTEC COLLEGE NAME : NZOMBE BRUCE COLLEGE NO : 40/131/11 SUBJECT : THEORY OF EDUCATION LECTURER : MR MUPONDI DUE DATE : NOVEMBER 2013 QUESTION: What is socialization? How can schools, mass media and the peer group socialize the child? Children are socialized in different ways as they grow. They learn and adopt ways of life from different sources like the schools, clubs, and peers to name just a few. Here the writer is going to explain how schools, mass media and peer groups socialize the child. He is also going to define socialization before he goes deeper with the explanation. Giddens (2001:26) defines socialization as “The process by which children or other new members of society, learn the way of life of their society” Gwirayi (2010:14) says, “Socialization is that process through which an individual becomes an acceptable member of his or her society by acquiring those norms, values and beliefs that are considered desirable in that society”. Haralambos and Holborn (2004) takes socialization The process by which people are discouraged from carrying out badly functions in public such as defecation come to be seen as something which should not be discussed or performed in view or sound of others. The writer, with reference to the above authors’ views sees socialization as a process by which pupils or individuals learn a culture acceptable to a society in which they dwell. ...
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...VERDICT in ASSOCIATION WITH SAS UK RETAIL 2012 & BEYOND Introduction Welcome to our forecast for UK retail in 2012 and beyond UK retailers face yet another year of tough trading as the economy continues to suffer from the strains of the recession and global downturns. This whitepaper gives our forecast for the next year for total retail and the major sectors. It also explains some of the key issues and future developments that retailers will face over the next few years and what they need to do to survive and thrive. For more information contact: Cindy Etsell Industry Marketing Manager – Commercial SAS UK & Ireland Wittington House Henley Road Marlow SL7 2EB Tel:: +44 (0)1628 490 929 ■ Mobile 07918 724 381 cindy.etsell@suk.sas.com www.sas.com/uk Maureen Hinton Practice Leader UK Retail Verdict Research 119 Farringdon Road London EC1R 3DA Tel: +44(0) 207551 9423 maureenh@verdict.co.uk www.verdict.co.uk About SAS SAS is the leader in business analytics software and services, and the largest independent vendor in the business intelligence market. About Verdict Verdict Research is the leading authority on retailing. Its research and publications provide executives in a wide range of business sectors with unrivalled independent analysis of retail sectors & trends. SECTION ONE INTRODUCTION & SUMMARY Summary – key points 2012 retail growth 1.2% - third lowest growth rate in 40 years Non-food will shrink for fourth year out of five – down by £740m (0.5%) Total...
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...A Study of Tourists on Attraction, Service Quality, Perceived Value and Behavioral Intention in the Penghu Ocean Firework Festival Wen-Chieh Hsieh, Lecture, Department of Leisure and Sport Management, Far East University, Taiwan ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to analyze the cognitive tourists for Penghu Ocean Firework Festival attraction situation. There is also analysis of attraction, service quality, and perceived value for behavioral intention. This study used questionnaires to the island of Taiwan to the Penghu ornamental Penghu Ocean Firework Festival targeting tourists, adopted the designated non-random sampling in the active site and proximity to downtown streets to investigate, a total of 593 valid questionnaires. The data were descriptive statistics and SEM (structure Equation modeling) analysis, this study found that: 1. Tourists Penghu Ocean Firework Festival is attraction cognitive highest "Want to feel the charm of the beauty of the sparkling fireworks." 2. Attraction directly service quality and behavioral intention positive effects. 3. Service quality direct positive effect on perceived value. 4. Perceived value have a direct positive effect on behavioral intention. 5. The attraction will through service quality indirect effects on perceived value. 6. The service quality will through perceived value indirect effects on behavioral intention. Based on these results, this study is not only to give the Penghu's tourism industry and government units operating...
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...Visionary Leadership Probably the single most important tasks facing a leader is to develop an understanding of where the organisation needs to be at some future point. Without a future vision, organisations are destined to live in the past, and ultimately die. “Where there is no vision, the people perish” Proverbs 29:18. For the Christian organisation such vision must come from God. A Process for Developing Vision This process combines prayer and reflection on our understanding of where God has already been moving. This process will take time - maybe some months to work through fully - don't feel you need to rush! It can either be used by the leader alone, or preferably with a small leadership group, which may be the formal leadership group of the church, or may be a selected group of people with appropriate skills and gifts. At the end of this process you should have an understanding of what you believe God is calling your church or organisation to do and to be. 1. PREPARATORY PRAYER : This first stage helps us to "tune in", spending time with the Lord. Pray that he will show you clearly over the coming weeks what he is calling the church to do and to be. 2. BUILDING BLOCKS : God speaks to the church in a number of ways: through experience, through the Bible, through words and pictures and in other ways. This process allows us to reflect on what God may have been saying to the church in four different elements. We suggest you take time to reflect on, and pray through each of...
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...Foreign Trade University & Bedfordshire University Faculty of International Education The Report Building Company’s Website and Online Shop Name: Lê Văn Bảo Phạm Anh Tuấn Lê Trường Quân Class: FB5A Course: E-Commerce Table of contents Introduction Main contents I. Business idea 1. Idea 2. Products 3. Sipplier list II. Business Plan 1. Strategic Analysis 2. Marketing plan 3. Financial plan III. Task conducted IV. Participants Introduction Consumer Trends for Fruit and Vegetable Products looks at the STEEP model to analyze factors that affect the marketplace. It explores consumer trends in Vietnam using the statistics on food consumption, how Vietnamese are spending their food money, demographics and growth in produce sales. Retail trends are explored, which include specialty foods, packaging, branding, organics, convenience foods and the ethnic market in their relation to fruit and vegetables. Finally, this information is applied to the Alberta situation, suggesting market research activities that producers and processors may consider. Fruit and vegetable consumption has grown over the last few years for a number of reasons. In general, people are more concerned about staying healthy and eating right, and research into nutraceuticals and functional food has highlighted the health...
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