...MEMORANDUM To: Gary Lance, Senior Director; David Erne, Senior Associate From: Yu-Ting Yen, consultant Date: November 7, 2012 Subj: Suggestions for breast feeding crisis Starbucks has grown rapidly in recent years and its outstanding performance has impressed everyone. People who come Starbucks do so not only for coffee or food, but also for its surroundings and atmosphere. You created an unprecedented idea that there is another place, outside of office and home, where people can relax and enjoy a cup of coffee. Starbucks has already successfully conveyed this idea to its customers which is how you were able to build your reputation at such a fast pace. However, Starbucks recently had some negative news which hurt your reputation. A few years ago, a customer named Jeremy Dorosin was not satisfied with the coffee machine he purchased, which was to be a wedding gift for his friend, but the manager did not respond well and quickly; Therefore, Mr. Dorosin complained about how bad Starbucks customer service in magazines and even on TV programs. Thus, it seriously damaged your reputation. Right now, you are facing another critical issue. One of Starbucks’ employees asked a mother to move to restroom or cover up her nipple while she was breastfeeding her child. This mother felt that she had been discriminated against and then she organized a protest called “nurse-in” trying to grab everyone’s attention on this issue. She had a lot of experience on social events and that...
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...How Does Breast- Feeding impact cognitive, physical and socio-emotional development from Birth to Preschool Years? Psychology 230 Ms. Linda Pinney For many years there have been a lot of debates about rather breast-feeding or bottle feeding is better for a baby’s health. For the first few months when a baby is born the main source of an infant’s nutrients and energy either comes from breast milk or alternative formula. The growing census is that breast feeding is better for the baby’s health (Walker, 2010: Wilson, 2010), but how does it differ in the outcome of an infant’s social cognitive, physical and socio-emotional development during the first months and throughout the preschool years? Can breast-feeding really impact the success in a child’s life more than bottle-feeding? A recent Brazilian study showed that SGA babies scored significantly lower on the Bayley mental and motor subscales at 6 months and that the difference increased by 12 months [1]. Some studies followed the children for several years, and the findings sometimes changed with the age of follow-up. In American children who were assessed at 4, 5, and 7 years of age, language development, and reading readiness were worse in children who were not breast fed. Similarly, SGA Guatemalan children who had not been different from NEW children before 12 months had significantly poorer developmental levels in their second year and had lower scores on their cognitive...
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...feed or to formula fed? That question crosses every new mother’s mind. The choice you make to that question is one of the first and probably the most significant decisions you will make as a new parent. Breastfeeding takes some time to learn for both you and your infant but is definitely worth the effort and time. Your choice to breast feed your newborn infant will affect his or her whole life, from birth throughout his or her adult life. There is no question that a mother truly wants the best for her children from the time they learn they are expecting their new bundle of joy. Breast milk has the perfect combination of proteins, fats, vitamins, and carbohydrates your infant needs. Breast milk is far more than good food. It is a living fluid that protects your infant from disease and actively contributes to the development of your infant. As mentioned by Arsenault (2011) breast milk not only provides the nutrition your infant needs but it also provides protection by supplying your infant his or her first antibodies and immunities. Breast milk aids in protecting infants against infection and disease. According to the La Leche League International (LLL) (2004) Infant mortality rates are higher among artificially fed infants, even in places where everyone has access to safe water and good medical care. Morbidity rates- how often babies get sick- are also higher among artificially fed infants in both the developed and the developing world. Breastfeeding is critical to infant survival...
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...| Ethics Paper Nestlé Infant Formula Prepared by Mohammad Ul Haque Id:0147217 MG660- Strategic Marketing Prepared for Professor Jorge Zavala-Vinces 1. If you had been an executive with Nestlé, would you have changed your marketing approach after the boycotts began? Nestlé’s marketing tactics in promoting the use of infant formula in Third World countries wasn’t moral. Nestlé was not acting within the boundaries of moral standards. Every corporation must understand and realize the corporate ethics and responsibilities they should have. The problem was that Nestlé used unqualified sales girls, the distribution of free samples, marketed to people who were incapable to fulfil the minimum requirements for giving formula safely to the baby, and the association of bottle-feeding with healthy babies to promote the use of infant formula to mothers who would have been better off breast-feeding their babies. The first Nestlé boycott in 1977 led by Infant Formula Action Coalition (INFACT) had a large impact on Nestlé’s revenues. Their products were boycotted in the U.S. to end the promotion of infant formula. This was a small part of the major problem which is to improve total infant nutrition throughout the Third World that must be resolved on a global basis if the health of babies in the developing nations is to be improved. If I had been an executive with Nestlé, I would have changed the marketing approach after the boycotts began...
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...free HIV testing programs much like Thailand’s approach to HIV positive mothers. Nestle could also fund some researches on how to reduce the risk of mother to child transmission or they could initiate an HIV-literacy convention wherein they could enlighten mothers on ways to make sure that their children are safe from the disease transmission. Oher than those, maybe Nestle could include a cause-related marketing effort of creating an awareness for women who might want to donate breast milk to infants who’s mothers have HIV. This way, it does not solely focus on mothers with HIV but also create a message that Nestle is a brand that cares. Instead of going against it, the brand could then alleviate the threats of these breast-feeding issues and position themselves as a supplementary option. It is not just a matter of showing support towards breast-feeding but most importantly, communicating that they care for their consumers (the mothers and their infants). They can incorporate free infant nutrition consultations in their programs as well as...
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...of Third World Infants as a result of their unethical advertising, marketing and sale of infant feeding formula to incapable mothers. In this case, Nestle was accused of hard-selling their products to mothers in Third World countries who were incapable of the proper use of the products, and encouraging them to use powdered milk formulas as a substitute for breastfeeding. As a result, the increased use of the product caused malnutrition and mass deaths of babies in developing countries. The controversy began to arise in the 1960’s when breastfeeding rates rapidly declined as infant food companies began to expand their markets into developed countries. Nestle was first charged with the allegations by the Pan American Health Organization, beginning the start of this ongoing, international boycott. Then in 1974, a 28-page report published by the Third World Working Group called “Nestle Kills Babies,” suggested that because of their unethical and immoral selling practices, Nestle was a major contributor to the death of Third World infants. Because of these allegations, the Infant Formula Coalition charged Nestle on multiple allegations. Many of the charges that Nestle faced revolved around the fact that their advertising and promotion tactics for infant formula discouraged breast feeding and encouraged Third World mothers that bottle feeding was “the fashionable thing to do.” Because these mothers were not properly educated on how to use these products, infants in these countries...
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...Introduction………………………………...4 Nestle in the eye of Elkington’s TBL……...5 CSR review and analysis…………………..9 Stakeholder’s perspective and criticism….12 Conclusion………………………………….14 Recommendation…………………………..15 Executive summary Nestle is a well known multinational company, they operate all around the world and deliver some good quality FMCG, but at the ethical level they don’t really score very well, they have a long history in boycotting from their origin which is Switzerland going to the UK and USA. Their more significant problem comes from their baby milk formula that for many human rights activist was the reason for the death of many kids around world. Nestlé’s story don’t stop here, they are also accused of child labour in Brazil and manipulating farmers, where they were trying to look ethical through helping them when their real intention was actually to regulate the market prices. Aside of the human level, Nestle is also criticised for testing their products on animals like coffee carcinogenicity on mice. But with all this problems, the image is not completely bad for the company as they are trying to act ethical at some levels, such as water, where with the help of some international organisations, they are raising awareness about the important of water and how it can become a major problem...
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...org/10.1108/eb039126 Downloaded on: 10 January 2015, At: 02:12 (PT) References: this document contains references to 0 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 1761 times since 2006* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: Downloaded by UNIVERSITY OF HUDDERSFIELD At 02:12 10 January 2015 (PT) N. Craig Smith, (1987),"Consumer Boycotts and Consumer Sovereignty", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 21 Iss 5 pp. 7-19 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004694 N. Craig Smith, (1989),"Consumer Boycotts", Management Decision, Vol. 27 Iss 6 pp. - http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ EUM0000000000050 Edmund S. Muskie, Daniel J. Greenwald, (1986),"THE NESTLE INFANT FORMULA AUDIT COMMISSION AS A MODEL", Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 6 Iss 4 pp. 19-23 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb039127 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by 422267 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series...
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...Breast feeding Vs. Formula feeding University of Phoenix COM/170 December 22, 2014 Winifred Donnelly Breast feeding Vs. Formula feeding When becoming a parent, there are many decisions that have to be made before the baby is even born. The most important decision is whether a mother will breastfeed or formula feed her baby. Breastfeeding should be the only option in feeding a baby unless there is a medical reason for why a mother cannot. When deciding on how she will feed her baby, a mother should know why formula is used rather than breast milk. She should know why breast milk is so much healthier, and she should be aware that there are several solutions that can solve any issues that may come up with breastfeeding. Women should know why formula is used rather than Formula Comfort and Lifestyle A woman should know why so many women never even consider breast milk as being an option for feeding their child. Many mothers choose formula over breast milk for reasons that have nothing to do with their baby. According to Kids Health from Nemours (1995-2014), their article Breast or Bottle, states “for many women their decision to breastfeed or formula feed is based on their comfort level, lifestyle and specific medical considerations that they might have. Many women do not breastfeed due to their comfort level and what people may think of them.”(para. Three sentence 2). Most women decide that they do not want to breastfeed because out in public people may find it inappropriate...
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...their families and communities, as well as from nurses, mothers are more likely to be able to breastfeed their babies”. Making decision whether or not to breast feed or formula feed is personal. According to leading health organizations, “the most babies should have only breast milk for the first 6 months of life and continue breastfeeding for at least 12 months”. Many medical authorities, including the American Academy of Pediatrics (APA) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist, strongly recommend breastfeeding to infants. Jarvis (2012) recommended breastfeeding for full term infants for the 1st year of life because breast milk is ideally formulated to promote normal infant growth and development and natural immunity. According to Hauff and Demerath (2012), “The obese women are less likely to initiate and more likely to stop earlier breastfeeding”. Background of Study: The study team members highlighted mix decision making barrier on breastfeeding. Mainly, privacy, birth complications, and not enough support from breast-feeding specialist are barriers to breastfeed to their babies. The study team also found that all women had wished for breast feed at least 16 weeks to 6 months, but due to these barriers, most of those participants denied breast feeding their babies or had given formula. The study shows that the healthcare professional especially midwives (Nurses) should be cleared on presence of barriers and its factors on maternal obesity, lack of privacy...
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...Public Breastfeeding 3 In 2009, a publicized survey revealed that 37 percent of Australians felt the breastfeeding should be done in private. However, on some websites, people compared public breast feeding to urinating in public. While it is certainly understandable why someone would be offended by public breastfeeding, needless to say it is nowhere close to urinating in public. Breastfeeding is a source of food for an infant; meanwhile, urinating in public is bad-mannered, vulgar, and public display of filth. History of Breastfeeding The history of breastfeeding has been around for centuries; nonetheless, breastmilk was a baby’s only foundation of nutrition. “Throughout early human history, breastmilk was a baby’s only source of nourishment. If a woman could not breastfeed, she would sometimes turn to a wet nurse for help.” (breastfeeding, 2015). By the time the 1950s, rolled around, women were given the option to choose...
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...1. When compared to those who spend less time breast feeding as infants, children who feed from their mothers for a longer period of time will go on to achieve a greater level of intellect as adults. 2. Independent: In this case, the independent variable is defined as the amount of time spent breast feeding. Dependent: In this case, the dependent variable is defined as each child’s achieved level of intelligence as an adult. 3. In this study, the operational definition of the independent variable is given by the amount of time each mother claims to have breast fed her child when she is interviewed at a one year examination. The given time frames are further divided into five categories. In this study, the operational definition of the dependent variable is each child’s measured level of intelligence as determined by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) when the group of children has reached a mean age of 27.2 years. 4. The sample used in this research is a group of both males and females who were born in Copenhagen, Denmark between October 1959 and December 1961. The sample size is more than 3,000. a. The population that this sample seeks to represent is all the children of the world. 5. In this study, the researchers offer Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) scores from the participating children as evidence to test their hypothesis. The evidence in this case is empirical because the researchers have observed the measureable data through testing...
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...recommended for around the first six months (26 weeks) of your baby's life. After that, giving your baby breast milk alongside other food will help them continue to grow and develop. Breastfeeding is good for babies. Breastfed babies have: * less chance of diarrhea and vomiting and having to go to hospital as a result * fewer chest and ear infections and having to go to hospital as a result * less chance of being constipated * less likelihood of becoming obese and therefore developing type 2 diabetes and other illnesses later in life * less chance of developing eczema Any amount of breastfeeding has a positive effect. The longer you breastfeed, the longer the protection lasts and the greater the benefits. Infant formula doesn't give your baby the same ingredients or provide the same protection. Breast milk adapts to meet your baby's changing needs. Health benefits for you Breastfeeding doesn’t only benefit your baby. It benefits your health too. Breastfeeding is good for mums as it: * lowers your risk of getting breast and ovarian cancer *...
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...beverage company in the world. Founded and headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland. It is also well on its way to becoming world leader in nutrition, health and wellness. Nestlé is more than just the largest food and Beverage Company in the world. Increasingly, Nestlé is becoming the world’s leader in nutrition, health and wellness. Nestlé was founded in 1866 by Henri Nestlé and is today the world's biggest food and beverage company. Nestlé employ around 250,000 people from more than 70 countries and have factories or operations in almost every country in the world. -BACKGROUND: Nestle company had started off from a single man's idea, and developed into a giant corporation. In 1866 Henri Nestle, a pharmacist, developed a milk food formula for infants who were unable to tolerate their mother milk. His product became a success, and it created a demand throughout Europe. As Nestlé's popularity grew more businesses wanted to merge and become partners with Henri Nestlé's business. From 1866 to 1947 the Nestle Company had gone through several name changes. In 1905, Angelo-Swiss Condensed Milk Co. and Farine Lactee Henri Nestle merged and the company's name became Nestle & Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Co. Then in 1929, Peter-Cailler-Kohler Chocolate Suisse's S.A merged with the company. The name was then changed to Nestle &Angelo-Swiss Holding Co. Ltd, on November 27, 1936. In December 1947, Co acquired all shares capital of the Alimentana S.A Company in exchange for fifteen Nestle...
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...that led to the study. The clinical problem being examined in the research study are the three main factors that influenced mother’s decision to formula feed their babies in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada. Breastfeeding has numerous health benefits However, in practice, many women choose not to breastfeed instead replace their breast milk with infant formula milk. In 2010, in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada breastfeeding had dropped to 64.0%( Canada Statistics). While health risks raises in babies with formula feeding, a significant percentage of mothers are reluctant to change their infant feeding behaviors and decided to continue with formula-feed. In some regions of the province, the rate of breastfeeding is very low due to mother resistance and commitment to infant feeding method. Despite increased breastfeeding promotion and support initiatives, mothers still prefer formula feeding over breastfeeding. There is not sufficient proof that mothers’ decisions to formula-feed due to personal factors. What was not known about the clinical problem that, if understood, could be used to improve health care delivery or patient outcomes? The study indicates that women decision to formula-feed their infants due to a lack of support from their mothers, and partners. In addition, decision to formula-feed also influenced by convenience and the awkwardness of breastfeeding in public. Healthcare providers are challenged to ensure best practice...
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