...News Channel - Argument Essay The business manager mentions about devoting the station's coverage time to weather and local news as before which will eventually help for generating revenues but does not provide valid evidences to refute his statement. The manager also makes some assumptions which are not supported with reasons. This is explained further with the help of the following points. The manager mentions that after the change of coverage by devoting more time to the national news and less time to the weather and local news, most of the complaints were regarding the weather and local news. The manager made an assumption that the complaints were due to less time devoted to the weather and local news. That might not be the case, may be the complaints were regarding poor reception of the news station. Its not clear up to what were the complaints were actually about. Secondly, the memorandum also claims that the local businesses have stopped advertising with the station and canceled their contracts. There is an unsaid assumption made here by the author that the contracts were canceled due to lack of time devoted to the weather and local news. There might be several other reasons for which the advertisers have stopped working with the station. May be the advertisers think there is not sufficient viewership for this particular station or may be their business analyst came up with some new strategy better than this one. Thirdly, the manager states that restoring...
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...Aurora Salinas Eng. 1302.33 Stuart Greene writes a realistic fiction in Argument as Conversation: The Role of Inquiry in Writing a Researched Argument (2001). In this article, Greene discusses how an argument is not a dispute, but rather an ongoing discussion that can include the historical context hidden behind it and that engaging in and then leaving said argument does not mean that it will be over. He presents his opinion in framing and research as inquiry, cites other authors, and writes Argument as Conversation the way he is describing it in the first place. He explains the importance of using sources and the necessity of doing so in order to have a basic understanding of how to effectively argue a point. Greene intends the audience to be students barely going into college and have yet to learn how to debate in an academic setting. In my opinion, this article is perfect for the incoming freshmen students that do not know how to argue efficiently. It shows how to write, read, research, structure, and overall make better an argument. But I feel like there is nothing that can help a more experienced student. The article does not introduce anything new with how to argue a point. It is very basic and therefore, useless to those experienced students looking for new ways to debate a certain point. After hearing Greene’s description of research writing, the task seems clearer, and useful in my mind. A research writing is so much more than jotting down reasons and facts about...
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...1). What background information do you need to know in order to read this image intelligibly? You do not need any background information to read this visual argument. This photo is self-explanatory. 2). What do you see? I see a man verbally abusing a lady. What are the key details or features here that stand out? The man’s face, fist punching the lady from his mouth, and the pain on the ladies face all stand out to support my theory. What images? The image is self-explanatory. What text? There was no text to support this visual argument. What supporting details? Every aspect of this photo supports my argument. 3). Identify the issue(s): Based on the picture it presents, what issue does this visual seem to be referencing? This visual seem to be referencing verbal abuse. This is a great picture to really explain how words can be painful. What debate is it part of? The visual debates the seriousness of verbal abuse and the effects. 4). Defining the Perspective: What side in this debate is this visual taking? The visual is taking the side of women, showing how men verbally abuse women. What perspective on this issue does this visual seem to take? This visual seem to support the seriousness of verbal abuse. It shows how people’s words can really be as painful as a punch in the face. 5). Defining the Argument: How do we know what side of this debate the visual is taking? This visual is taking the side of women. It is showing how men can verbally abuse a women with...
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...Statement Argument Exercise DIRECTIONS for question 1-20: Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak' argument. Give answer (1) if only argument I is strong; (2) if only argument II is strong; (3) if either I or II is strong; (4) if neither I nor II is strong and (5) if both I and II are strong. 1. Statement: Should all refugees, who make unauthorized entry into a country, be forced to go back to their homeland ? Arguments : I. Yes. They make their colonies and occupy a lot of land. II. No. They leave their homes because of hunger or some terror and on human grounds, should not be forced to go back. 2. Statement: Should new big industries be started in Mumbai? Arguments : I. Yes. It will create job opportunities. II. No. It will further add to the pollution of the city. 3. Statement: Should government stop spending huge amounts of money on international sports ? Arguments : I. Yes. This money can be utilized for upliftment of the poor. II. No. Sports persons will be frustrated and will not get international exposure. 4. Statement: Should the oil companies be allowed to fix the price of petroleum products depending on market conditions ? ...
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...Up, Up, and AWA: Scoring Well in the Essay Section A five-part GMATTERS series, August 2005 PART ONE: This week we begin a new series on the Analytical Writing Assessment ("AWA") portion of the GMAT, otherwise known as "the essays." Because they do not feed into the overall score out of 800 (they are scored separately, on a scale of 6 points), they are often neglected. They do serve a purpose, though, and you need to take them seriously, even if they do not warrant the bulk of your study time. The essays are the first section of the exam. You have 30 minutes for each of two essays, for a total of one hour before the quantitative section begins. So if you do not write essays during at least one of your practice exams, you will probably find it surprisingly tiring the day of the exam when you have to head into the math section after an hour of writing. First, you should be aware of the two types of essay you will be required to write. One is known as "Analysis of Issue." The other is known as "Analysis of Argument." They demand different approaches and need to be understood in their particularities. Let's talk first about "Analysis of Issue." In "Analysis of Issue", you will given a statement (the "issue"). For example, "Responsibility for preserving the natural environment ultimately belongs to each individual person, not to government." (This is an actual GMAT topic and is property of GMAC which is no way affiliated with Manhattan GMAT.) Your task now is to decide whether...
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...Argument template The given argument presents a couple of assumptions and facts to arrive at the conclusion that ______claim_______, (which in term) _________conclusion_______. The argument cities the (example, survey data) as an evidence in support of its claim that ____________. An overview of the argument would lead the reader to be convinced of the authenticity of the claim made. However, on closer scrutiny / on analyzing the given argument from all perspectives, one can indentify various weak links/loopholes/flaws that make the argument weak/ stand out as conspicuous logical flaws. These flaws are going to be discussed in the succeeding paragraphs. 1 Insufficient / implausible support Firstly, ________________may not be the primary / main reason for ____________. This assumption appears to be illogical as there can be various factors for _________. ______ may be attributes to _________. ________ are all important factors to be considered. Therefore, the claim_____________ seems far-fetched and illogical/ vague / unsound/ambiguous. 2 Confusing correlation with causation Secondly, the claim that ______________ is a classic case of confusing correlation with causation. _________ may in fact ____________. It dose follow that ___________. Perhaps ______________ for entirely different reasons. The claim alone does not suffice as a supportive reason for _________. 3 Basing on current trend Thirdly, the argument holds its relevance on the assumption that the number...
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...In the article “Warming, not!” and the blog “Matt Patterson & The New York Post Clueless About The Climate” the authors Matt Patterson and Jerrald Hayes are having very different opinions and points of view on the subject global warming and climate-change. Matt Patterson, the author of “Warming, not!”, is a conservative political writer and the article is published in New York Post. Patterson claims that the evidence for global warming has been exaggerated and is just plain wrong. He states that the climate-change theory is facing a sudden collapse, because of two recent arguments: The first argument being the observations that Monnett and fellow researcher Jeffrey Gleason made in 2004 - of four polar bears drowning after being forced to swim long distances in the open sea, because of the climate changes - are now being questioned and investigated. Monnett has now been put on “leave” due to integrity issues. The other argument being a paper published in the peer-reviewed journal ‘Remote Sensing’ by Drs. Roy Spencer and Danny Braswell. The two scientists had compared the predictions about what the atmosphere ‘should’ do and what satellite data actually showed during the 18 months before and after warming event. They found that the computer models vastly overestimated the greenhouse effect. According to the two scientists the Earth is far more capable of equalizing its own temperature than people might think. Matt Patterson closes the article saying that there is a huge discrepancy...
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...conclusions. Without the use of this logic errors can occur, which in philosophy are called logical fallacies. Mere Assertion The first logical fallacy I am going to define is mere assertion. This is an argument of opinion. There is no guarantee that what you say will be expected. But all opinions whether they are believed to be true or not must be supported by evidence. Here is an example of a mere assertion fallacy. My cats love me because they sleep on my bed. Also when I open their cat food they come running, so they must love me. Both of these statements are not supported by evidence. They are just statements of opinion that I believe to be truth. Circular Reasoning The second logical fallacy I am going to define is circular reasoning. This is an argument where your conclusion and premise are the same. It is an argument that asks you to simply accept the conclusion without real evidence. Also it can be an argument that simply ignores an important assumption. So to avoid this fallacy you cannot just assume or use as evidence that very thing you are trying to prove. Here is an example of a circular reasoning fallacy. When people murder they do it because they are ignorant. So this means only ignorant people murder. This argument only shows that you have restated it using different wording. It does not give us any reasons why we feel people murder. Ad Hominem The...
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...Review Question 1) When I encountered the word argument, I thought that, argument was the disagreement between two opposition where person is defending his or hers point of view. After reading the chapter. I think argument is selling an arguer point of view, or convincing the targeted audience about the topic or argument with the help of evidence. Argument is also finding the common ground to solve the issue. 2) Traditional argument: Argument, where arguer often argue with the available persuasion to convince or to agree his or her audience with them. Example: I) President Obama was talking about the gun control action, and tightening the gun laws. II) A sales person is convincing the customer that, the particular car has a high resale...
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...ECON220- GP Below, I will give two arguments in reference to the AT&T and T-Mobile merger. The first argument will be in favor of the merger and the second being opposed to the merger. Argument in favor: The merger will benefit workers and consumers for a few different reasons. T-Mobile, who is financially incapable of truly accessing the potential of their high speed network. The 39 billion dollar acquisition will ensure that the high speed network expands to ninety seven percent of the population. AT&T, who has a track record of poor reception and coverage will benefit from the merger, allowing them to maintain customers as well as acquire new ones. The workers with T-Mobile will suffer no involuntary job loss. The merger will maintain jobs as well as give opportunity for new ones. The merger will benefit current T-Mobile subscribers, giving them access to more services such as broadband internet connection as well as paid television services. Argument opposed: The disadvantage to this merger means possible price increases for their wireless service. T-Mobile who is known for low priced plans and phones would be adopted into a company that does not offer economically sound plans. The merger has the potential to create a saturated market, giving the majority of stake in the wireless provider market to AT&T. The merger could take a long amount of time, having to gain approval from the FCC and the Department Of Justice. In my personal opinion,...
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...Critical Thinking Case Study GEN/480 Interdisciplinary Capstone Course March 3, 2011 Norton Brainard III Case Study Part I: Analysis 1. Describe all assumptions seen in any of documents provided in the case study . a. Kelly: Had the assumption that with a project like this it was putting the company on the line. Furthermore the quality of service with little staff may prove impossible. Kelly also assumed that the company was only interested in putting the product out and they were not concern about Quality Control (QC). Another assumption that was pointed out is what exactly the company wanted done could not be considering the workload that they were given two years ago proved to be a challenger and the had more workers it is nearly possible now with the shortage of employees. b. Pat: Is insisted on the only way to bring the company back to where it was ten years ago is to expand and do it quickly because other are doing the same with their companies. Although he had an confidential source he think that the company Secu-A-Corp will be bring out a similar product within in months therefore he wants to move quickly. The anticipated cost he assumed was based on the initial analysis , he also added a significant amount for staffing time in order to reach a product launch goal, not taking in consideration of the changes within the staff and the fact that the company has begun to lose revenue and had to make cut back. He assumes the return on the...
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...existing beliefs and formulate new ones. • It evaluates beliefs in terms of how well they are supported by reasons. Key Terms: Assertion/Statement - A declarative sentence that is intended to make a claim of some sort. Sometimes these are called statements or propositions. eg.I am taller than you, It is raining, She will win the race. Premise- A statement that is offered in support of a conclusion Conclusion - A statement that is held to be supported by a premise or premises eg. All whales are mammals. Moby Dick is a whale. Moby Dick is a mammal. Argument- a set of statements one of which (the conclusion) is taken to be supported by the remaining statements (the premises). • The conclusion is what the speaker wants you to accept. • The premises state the reasons or evidence for accepting the conclusion. Inference- is the process of reasoning from a premise (or premises) to a conclusion (or conclusions) based on those premises. Explanation- tells you why something happened. Argument- tells you why you should believe something. • Arguments have something to prove; explanations do not. eg. 1. Adam stole the money, for three people saw him do it. 2. Adam stole the money because he needed to buy food. Premise-Indicator words: Since, Because, For, as, given that, inasmuch as, for the reason that Conclusion Indicator Words: Thus, Therefore, Hence, Entail(s), it follows that, we may conclude, consequently, so In arguments, premises do not always come...
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...questions in Exercises 1.1 and 1.2 in the Cederblom and Paulsen textbook as you come to them. • You may omit #5 of Exercise 1.2 on page 14. • For Question C on page 15, you may work with one of the accompanying editorials. • After completing the exercises in the textbook, as outlined above, it will be useful for you to produce a short piece of writing. This is a starting point in developing your reasoning skills, and it will be used later to help you improve your writing. In a paragraph or two, express an opinion on one of the following issues and support it: • a. censorship • b. capital punishment • c. abortion • d. use of alcohol or other drugs • e. marriage • f. single parenting • g. gun laws • h. building new prisons • i. the prospects for your generation[1] UNIT 2- Exercise 2 When you have completed the reading, answer the questions in Exercise 2.3, on pages 36–38 of Critical Reasoning. UNIT 3 -Exercise 1 Please answer the questions in Exercise 4.3, pages 98 to 99 of Critical Reasoning. Also do mini quiz on moodle. UNIT 4 - Miniquiz 1 Translate the following statements into standard-form categorical propositions. 1. Violets are blue. 2. There are glasses in the dining room. 3. Only faculty members may use the lounge. 4. Insults make her angry. 5. Every dog has his day. 6. A rare warbler was sighted in this area last week. 7. Any one will do. 8. Shakespeare lived in the sixteenth century. 9. He always avoided awkward...
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...Hume defined miracles as a “violation of the laws of nature” and consequently rejected their occurrence as both improbable and impractical. This view has been supported by modern scientists and philosophers such as Atkins, Dawkins and Wiles to a certain extent. However Aquinas, Tillich and Holland and Swinburne to a certain extent reject Hume’s reasons, instead arguing that miracles have a divine cause and that Hume’s arguments are weak. This essay will argue that Hume’s reasons for rejecting miracles are not valid and in doing so consider his two main arguments; lack of probability and Hume’s practical argument. Hume’s first reason for rejecting miracles was a lack of probability. He argued that evidence from people’s experience of observing the world showed the laws of nature to be fixed and unvarying. However to suggest a miracle occurred was to say that the laws of nature had been violated, hence his definition of miracles being a “violation of the laws of nature.” Miracles were reported has having occurred by eyewitnesses, as is stated in the Bible in the case of Jesus raising Lazarus from the dead. However for Hume it was far more likely that the eyewitnesses were mistaken in what they witnessed, than for Jesus to have actually raised Lazarus from the dead and in doing so violated fixed laws of nature. A violation of the laws of nature was therefore an improbable occurrence. Wiles’ agrees with Hume’s point that it is more likely the eyewitness was wrong than a miracle...
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...is a constant issue with things like moneyed interests, lobbyists, 24 hour news networks, the internet, hearsay and in current affairs; election polls. Who's numbers are we to believe? Who's viewpoints are we to accept? It's a tough call especially considering the 24 hour news cycles and misinformation and even intentionally disinformation. The best way to tackle these things is first to verify the credentials of the source and see if it seems reliable. Next, verify that the information seems pragmatically appropriate and apply Occam's Razor. After that scan for logical fallacies. The final point is the most subjective, which is align yourself with news outlets that you find to be more trustworthy and representative of quality data. At the end of the day even the most trusted news source could end up being verifiably wrong, but by taking a pragmatic, hard-science approach to the issues we value and the news we receive we can help minimize the frequency that our trusted news outlets are incorrect. For a more interactive person you can also do more fact checking, but even then fact checking is interpretive as well. For example, I love politifact, but their conclusions are still based in interpretation of data rather than the raw data itself, even though they are really good about it. How do I consider information to lack validity?... Well logical fallacies present in an argument are usually red flags, but we can't assume the data is wrong just because...
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