...Nt1310 Week 1 NT1310:Week 1 Telecommunications By: Kenneth Martin You are an IT Network Specialist and are required to develop the design of the company’s telephone system for its new building which will begin construction in a few months. In order to get a background which will help when developing the new system, your supervisor asked you to research the current Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) currently used by the company. You must research the system components and report back to your supervisor , the Telecommunications Manager, within a week. 1. Describe a local land line phone system based on the following Landline Telephone Components: a. Local Loop a local loop is the wired connection from a telephone company's central office in a locality to its customers' telephones at homes and businesses. This connection is usually on a pair of copper wires called twisted pair. The system was originally designed for voice transmission only using analog transmission technology on a single voice channel. Today, your computer's modem makes the conversion between analog signals and digital signals. With Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), the local loop can carry digital signals directly and at a much higher bandwidth than they do for voice only. b. Central Office In telephone communication in the United States, a central office (CO) is an office in a locality to which subscriber home and business lines are connected on what is called...
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...Telecommunication Act of 1996 established three principal goals: 1. Opening the local exchange and exchange access market to competitive entry. 2. Promoting increased competition in telecommunications markets that are already open to competition, including the long distance services market. This opened one of the last monopoly bottleneck strongholds in telecommunications - the local exchange and exchange access markets. This reformed the telecommunication era by opening all providers to enter all markets. 3. Reforming our system of universal service so that universal service is preserved and advanced as the local exchange and exchange access markets move from monopoly to competition. Universal service reform order will rework the subsidy system to guarantee affordable service to all Americans in an era in which competition will be the driving force in All the previous rulings shielded the telephone companies from competition. The 1996 Act required telephone companies to open their network to competition. The 1996 Act moves beyond the distinction between interstate and intrastate matters that was established in the pervious regulation, and instead expands the applicability of national rules to historically intrastate issue, and state rules to historically interstate issues. SUMMARY...
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...required to develop the design of the company’s telephone system for its new building which will begin construction in a few months. In order to get a background which will help when developing the new system, your supervisor asked you to research the current Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) currently used by the company. You must research the system components and report back to your supervisor, the Telecommunications Manager, within a week. 1. Describe a local land line phone system based on the following Landline Telephone Components: I would place a call using my phone which is connected to the jack by a fixed line, the data would be sent to my service providers Central office via Local Loop, once the data has reached the CO and depending where my call was going it would be transferred to the local exchange for local calls and long distance, and for long distance calls it would be transferred at the POP to the Long distance System. *NOTE* I was unsure about the question so I defined the components and described a local line phone system. a.) Local Loop: is a loop of copper wire that allows current to flow from the telephone to the central office and back. It is the dual-wire physical interface that connects a telephone to the CO (central office). b.) Central Office: also referred to as the local exchange, which provides services to a group of subscribers in a local area. c.) Local Exchanges: Local exchanges are local telephone companies that provide service along...
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...You are an IT Network Specialist and are required to develop the design of the company’s telephone system for its new building which will begin construction in a few months. In order to get a background which will help when developing the new system, your supervisor asked you to research the current Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) currently used by the company. You must research the system components and report back to your supervisor, the Telecommunications Manager, within a week. 1. Describe a local land line phone system based on the following Landline Telephone Components: a. Local Loop A local loop is the wired connection from a telephone company’s central office in a locality to its customer’s telephones at homes and businesses. This connection is usually on a pair of copper wires called twisted pair. b. Central Office A central office is an office in a locality to which subscriber home and business lines are connected on what is called a local loop. It has switching equipment that can switch calls locally or to long-distance carrier phone offices. c. Local Exchanges Local Exchange (LEC) is the term for a public telephone company in the U.S. that provides local service. LEC are also known as “telcos,” which connect to other LEC’s within a local access and transport area (LATA) or to interexchange carriers (IXCs) such as long-distance carriers. d. POP Point-Of-Presence (POP) is an access point form one place to the rest of the Internet. It has a unique internet...
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...computer systems, fax machine, e-mail, tele and/or video conferencing and satellite network. People can easily share conversation, picture(s), image(s), sound, graphics, maps, interactive software and many other things. Due to electronic technology, jobs, working locations and cultures are changing and therefore people can easily get access to worldwide communication without any physical movement. Experts have defined electronic communication as the transmission of information using advanced techniques such as computer modems, facsimile machines, voice mail, electronic mail, teleconferencing, video cassettes, and private television networks.” 1.1 Background of the Study Communication is said to be the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. It could be between two or more persons, human and machines or any other communicable entity. Group communication can be carried out through various means such as smoke signals and drums which was common in ancient Africa, America and parts of Asian, the fixed semaphore in ancient Europe and electronic means which is most prominent, popular and recent. This research details on the effects of communication in cooperate organizations using electronic means. 1.2 Statement of Problem Following the advent of electronic communication, most corporate organizations are yet to take advantage of this fast, reliable and cost-effective means of communication, this research shall depict...
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...required to develop the design of the company’s telephone system for its new building which will begin construction in a few months. In order to get a background which will help when developing the new system, your supervisor asked you to research the current Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) currently used by the company. You must research the system components and report back to your supervisor, the Telecommunications Manager, within a week. 1. Describe a local land line phone system based on the following Landline Telephone Components: a. Local Loop- The physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the common carrier or telecommunications service provider’s network. b. Central Office- A telecommunications system used in the public switched telephone network or in large enterprises. c. Local Exchanges- The term for a public telephone company in the U.S. that provides local services. d. POP- Post Office Protocol e. Long Distance System- A telephone call made outside a defined local area, usually to another city f. Fixed Line- A phone that uses a metal wire telephone for transmission as distinguished from a mobile cellular line, which uses radio waves for transmission 2. Define and describe the following Telecommunications Network Components: a. Cellular Telephones- wireless telephones that are served by a cellular telephone system. This system is broken into many small geographical areas called...
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...NT1310:Week 1 Telecommunications By: Kenneth Martin You are an IT Network Specialist and are required to develop the design of the company’s telephone system for its new building which will begin construction in a few months. In order to get a background which will help when developing the new system, your supervisor asked you to research the current Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) currently used by the company. You must research the system components and report back to your supervisor , the Telecommunications Manager, within a week. 1. Describe a local land line phone system based on the following Landline Telephone Components: a. Local Loop a local loop is the wired connection from a telephone company's central office in a locality to its customers' telephones at homes and businesses. This connection is usually on a pair of copper wires called twisted pair. The system was originally designed for voice transmission only using analog transmission technology on a single voice channel. Today, your computer's modem makes the conversion between analog signals and digital signals. With Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), the local loop can carry digital signals directly and at a much higher bandwidth than they do for voice only. b. Central Office In telephone communication in the United States, a central office (CO) is an office in a locality to which subscriber home and business lines are connected on what is called a local...
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...CHAPTER ONE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.0 INTRODUCTION The invention of computers has brought tremendous change into various aspects of human endeavor. In the 1960s computers were used by relatively few people but presently computer has great impact on our society than any other device invented in the second half of the 20th century. The impact of computer is felt in all professions for example, in medical line, computer is used in management information system, billing system and drug administration. Likewise in education computers are useful in teaching the basic skills. In office management the use of computer has made great impact on the area of our modern office equipment which had been automated such as typewriters, communication system and language translation. In business and professional office, computer is used in inventory. Control information processing, accounting programs payroll, designing and so on to mention but a few. Man enjoys entertainment, of the computer at home after a number of advantages, it allows on to practice in private keeps one of the street and it teaches one so many things in the area of Government, taking decision planning forecasting and budgeting and so on, the use of computer to process information and to make logical decision much faster than man is steadily being exploited. Computer have become an integral part of our lives having more advantage than disadvantage. Apart from the positive impacts of computers in our world, they affect our...
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...Leadership Joan M. Badger Dr. Anne Nelson Bus 508 Contemporary Business October 11, 2011 The American Telephone & Telegraph Wireless Liability Corporation of California The founding leader for AT&T Wireless Limited Liability Corporation of California is Craig McCaw. American Telephone and Telegraph Wireless Liability Corporation of California is a subsidiary of American Telephone and Telegraph Incorporated. Mr. McCaw had been in charge of his father’s cable television company McCaw Communications Incorporated, a sole proprietorship established in 1966, operating domestically. In 1981, he became interested in the cellular telephone market and began bidding on cellular telephone license, according to Academy of Achievements, n.d. Mr. McCaw sold shares of his cable television company to larger enterprises, creating a partnership and equity financing enabling him to amass a credit line of one billion dollars. Thus, he began establishing the foundation of intrapreneurship by purchasing all available licenses in cellular phones creating the basis for a national network ahead of the nearest competitor, namely the Bell Company. In factor, McCaw Cellular Communications purchased MCI and became the industry leader in 1986, according to Academy Achievement, n.d. In 1989 McCaw Cellular Communications acquired LIN Broadcasting, cellular telephone sales exploded and Craig McCaw became the highest paid Chief Executive Officer earning $54-million annually in 1990 according...
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...CHAPTER ONE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.0 INTRODUCTION The invention of computers has brought tremendous change into various aspects of human endeavor. In the 1960s computers were used by relatively few people but presently computer has great impact on our society than any other device invented in the second half of the 20th century. The impact of computer is felt in all professions for example, in medical line, computer is used in management information system, billing system and drug administration. Likewise in education computers are useful in teaching the basic skills. In office management the use of computer has made great impact on the area of our modern office equipment which had been automated such as typewriters, communication system and language translation. In business and professional office, computer is used in inventory. Control information processing, accounting programs payroll, designing and so on to mention but a few. Man enjoys entertainment, of the computer at home after a number of advantages, it allows on to practice in private keeps one of the street and it teaches one so many things in the area of Government, taking decision planning forecasting and budgeting and so on, the use of computer to process information and to make logical decision much faster than man is steadily being exploited. Computer have become an integral part of our lives having more advantage than disadvantage. Apart from the positive impacts of computers in our world, they affect our...
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...ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Please note that assignments will not be accepted after 8pm. Student ID: 11470577 Family name: Karki Given names: Nishan Subject name: System Analysis. Subject code: ITC211 Lecturer: PHILIPS KHAZINS Assignment No: 1 PENALTY ON LATE ASSIGNMENTS Penalty for late submission of assignment without obtaining lecturer’s approval for an extension will be 10% deduction per day, including weekends, of the maximum marks allocated for the assignment, ie 1 day late = 10% deduction, 2 days late = 20% deduction. PLAGIARISM The University treats plagiarism very seriously. Plagiarism is included under the Student Academic Misconduct Rule as published in the Rules and Regulations section of the academic handbook. I am aware of the University’s requirement for academic integrity (http://www.csu.edu.au/division.studserv/learning/_plagiarism/) and I declare that my assignment is my own work and conforms with these requirements. I certify that the attached assignment is solely my work, based on my personal study and research. I also certify that appropriate and full acknowledgement has been made of all sources used in the preparation of this assignment. Signature of student: _______________________ Assignment due date: ___________ Assessment Feedback Additional sheet attached ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________...
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...following paper addresses the use of data collection used to involve community health workers as partners in evaluation research whose role is not typically that of a trained researcher but could actively participate in the collection of information. The data collection techniques that was employed was qualitative evaluation data that used a voice over internet protocol phone-in system to provide narrative reports as well as the community outreach workers own experiences regarding challenges faced by women in their outreach activities. The data collection method used was the VoIP system that allowed the outreach workers to call a telephone number at anytime and leave a recorded message of any length during the day or night. The VoIP system allows multiple users to call in simultaneously without getting busy signals when compared to the traditional telephone and voicemail systems (Peacock, Issel, Townsell, Chapple-McGruder & Handler, 2011). The use of qualitative method for the collection of data works in sync with the VoIP system because it is used for non-numerical measurements of characteristics such as discrete characteristics of a group of individuals or objects (Elementary Statistics, 2013). The pros of using this method is that it explore more in depth and detail when compared to quantitative research, it is less expensive than quantitative research because you don’t need to recruit as many participants and it offers flexibility as far as locations and timings as it...
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...At the same time, researchers are working to develop even more capable networks that promise to change fundamentally the way we communicate. This background paper analyzes technologies for tomorrow’s information superhighways. Advanced networks will first be used to support scientists in their work, linking researchers to supercomputers, databases, and scientific instruments. As the new networks are deployed more widely, they will be used by a broader range of users for business, entertainment, health care, and education applications. The background paper also describes six test networks that are being funded as part of the High Performance Computing and Communications Program. These test networks are a collaboration of government, industry, and academia, and allow researchers to try new approaches to network design and to attack a variety of research questions, Significant progress has been made in the development of technologies that will help achieve the goals of the HighPerformance Computing Act of 1991. This is the third publication from OTA’s assessment on information technology and research, which was requested by the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and...
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...Electrical Engineering & Computer Science ETE 521 Assignment # 3 Name: MD. Rakibul Islam Monshy ID: 1131048556 a) No Ans: Define ILEC: An incumbent local exchange carrier (ILEC) is a local telephone company in the United States that was in existence at the time of the breakup of AT&T into the Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs), also known as the "Baby Bells." The ILEC is the former Bell System or Independent Telephone Company responsible for providing local telephone exchange services in a specified geographic area. GTE was the second largest ILEC after the Bells, but it has since been absorbed into Verizon, a RBOC. ILECs compete with competitive local exchange carriers (CLEC). When referring to the technical communities ILEC is often used just to mean a telephone provider. In Canada, the term ILEC refers to the original telephone companies such as Telus (BC Tel and AGT), SaskTel, Manitoba Telephone Systems (MTS Allstream), Bell Canada Enterprises and Aliant. ILEC, with respect to an area in the United States, is a local exchange carrier (LEC) that: On the date of enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, provided telephone exchange service in such area and on such date of enactment, was deemed to be a member of the exchange carrier association pursuant to the Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R) Title 47, section 69.601(b).Or is a person or entity that, on or after such date of enactment...
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... the telephone, radio/TV, the internet, and cell phones. 1. The telegraph (in my opinion) is by far the most important electronic communications development in our history. For millennia societies have communicated over long distances strictly using the physical environment; smoke screens, reflected light, pyres, etc., have been used long before electric technology was introduced. While effective, the physical environment can only “reach” so far; the electric telegraph enabled entire regions, countries, and governments to connect instantly. The ability to send messages- or simply communicate- via electric wires was undoubtedly the fastest leap communications has ever seen; in a matter of decades the world was covered in wires. The telegraph enabled globalization, better government communications, and a widespread need to speak to one another. While the telegraph is somewhat obsolete today, the invention opened the door to the telephone, the radio, and (quite literally) laid the foundation of all electric communications. http://classroom.synonym.com/significance-samuel-morse-inventing-telegraph-10183.html http://history1800s.about.com/od/inventioninnovation/a/telegraph01.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphy 2. The second most important electronic development would be the telephone. Founded on the same ideas as the telegraph, the telephone enabled people to literally “send” their voices to one another. While the telegraph was the foundation, the telephone enabled...
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