...Demonstrative Communications According to the research, “non-verbal behaviors account for 65% to 93% of the total meaning of communication (Birdwhistell, 1970; Hickson, Stacks & Moore, 2004; Meharbian, 1981). Our communication comprises of three components: spoken words, non-verbal and tone of voice. Spoken words that are coming out of our mouth is 7%, non-verbal is 55% that is through body language , gestures and facial expressions and tone of voice is 38% that is the sound. A communication skill involves the three components, so delivering a message to the audience vocally needs to be congruent to the body language and tone of voice to persuade the audience. For example, if someone is asking you a question and you answered it confidently but your body language shows differently, it could send mix messages to the listener. For this mismatch communication, you can lose credibility to your listener. Demonstrative communication is a type of non-verbal communication that deals with different type of communication without words between sender and receiver. Non-verbal communication can be conveyed through but not limited to posture, gesture, facial expressions, tone of voice, eye contact and clothing. Demonstrative communication observes this non-verbal cues in order to tell if the listener is interested, engaged, confused or listening. And as well as if the speaker is confident of the topic he or she is presenting, sense of interest, and a demand from the listener...
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...Media and Social Inequality The Media promotes and reproduces societal values and norms, establishing common meanings and understandings among groups and individuals. These common meanings are portrayed in the media and put forward by the dominant culture; and for this reason the patterns of inequality that benefit the dominant culture are produced and reproduced. The media today are not only entertaining the people but also favor the spreading of certain information. The different media thus convey the messages of the dominant culture and provide subcultures with justifications for these relations of ruling. These patterns of inequality can be interpreted through four major sociological angles: structural functionalism, conflict theory, and feminism. The term media is the plural of “medium” and is commonly found in association with the process of communication. “The mass media include newspapers, motion pictures, radio and television” (Curtis 304). These forms of communication have influenced in a greater scale society with the advance of technology in the last decades. The age of mass communication has made it possible for people to gain access to far more information than any society ever had. Information is indispensable to an advanced and complex civilization to the point of becoming a commodity for which individuals are willing to pay for. However, this commodity has not been a convenient tool when enhancing social values that promote social equality. In fact, it has...
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...International Business Cultural Assignment Shawna Johnson January 25, 2013 When talking about culture and how it can affect business practices brings up many topics. Culture is a system of values and norms that are shared amount a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living. (“Components of culture”, 2011, p.2) Values and norms have a huge impact on culture within the work place. Values are abstract ideas about what a society believes to be right or wrong, good or bad. Norms also shape culture; they are the social rules and guidelines that lay down the proper behavior in certain situations. There are several components that define culture; religion, political and economic philosophies, education, language, and social structure. Different countries have different religions views and values. Different religious have different views of work and material goods. Cultural views influence the competitiveness of companies, the way cultures change due to religious and the need to adapt to those changes. For example Mc Donald’s change the main ingredient in their product to lamb instead of beef because of the religious views of Hinduism. (“Components of culture”, 2011, p. 11) The way businesses adapt to different religion in different countries in a major component of how they prosper among many different cultures. The way different countries are taught education has a great impact on cultures and the way companies conduct business deals....
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...University of Phoenix Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Communication is the process through which we exchange information. We communicate verbally and nonverbally. These forms of communication may vary from culture to culture. We use a common spoken language to communicate with one another but it is essential to learn the language in a cultural setting to clearly understand each other. Non-verbal communication includes, but is not limited to, touch, eye contact, volume in our voices, facial expressions, posture, gestures, proximity, sounds, physical appearance and even the clothing we wear. Uniforms, for example, may be associated with the occupational status of an individual; a businessman may wear a suit, and a farmer wears overalls, and so on, each of which implies sets of relationships with the rest of the world. Our attention is usually focused on the study of verbal communication, but non-verbal communication also plays an important role in human interaction. We may use non-verbal communication to emphasize what we are saying verbally or to express our emotions lying beyond the verbal element. Among cultures and nationalities there are differences between verbal and non-verbal communication. Body language for example deals with the use of hands, arms and especially with the face. Facial expressions, such a smile, rolling of the eyes and arching of eyebrows, even breathing, may tell much about the person’s momentary feelings. For example, a person from...
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...In communication, spoken language is only 7% to 35%, whereas majority of it is feelings, actions, intentions or gestures which are known as non-verbal communication. These kinesics are ways of communication which we usually use when we are not clear about what to say in verbal language. Some of these signals are consistent across cultures whereas there are some which mean different or are not appropriate in many cultures. Therefore, if you are familiar with the host country's body language, you might be misunderstood or sometimes will misinterpret those non-verbal signals, which can lead to uncomfortable and embarrassing situations. Touching is one of them in Indian culture and this is what was shown in video clip of Todd, the American manager in comedy Outsourced. Asha tried to explain to Todd that although he is trying to behave friendly with them by using these gestures but on the other hand, this gesture is putting his employees ill at ease. She suggests him that misunderstanding of body language might lead to disrespect from his employees, so he should apologise to them for doing so. I was managing Todd, I would have offered cross-cultural training which would increase the relational ability of expatriate manager. This cross-cultural training might include field trips to host country, meetings with managers experienced in host country, meetings with host country nationals along with intensive language training. These different sessions will help expat to develop comfort...
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...Social psychology SOC201 The effect of nonverbal communication on business performance Submitted by: Mahmoud Mohamed Abo El Abbas Submitted to: Dr. Nihal El Shimy T.A. Noura Said Table of contents 1. Introduction i. What is Non-verbal communication? -------(3) ii. Types of Non-verbal communication-------------(3) iii. How does Non-verbal communication affect us?-----(6) 2. Nonverbal Communication with workplace interactions: i. Managers------(7) ii. Employees-----(8) 3. Conclusion (9) 4. References (10) 1. What is Non-verbal communication? According to Dr. Albert Mehrabian, who conducted several studies on nonverbal communication 7% of any message is conveyed through words, 38% through certain vocal elements, and 55% through nonverbal elements. This makes 93% of our communication nonverbal. Nonverbal communication is nonverbal stimuli and behaviour in a communication setting that transmits a meaning. The first 4 minutes you meet a person you decide nearly 80% of your attitude towards them, even if that person didn’t speak, his nonverbal behaviour makes you like or dislike him. There are many types of nonverbal behaviour and elements that can affect how we react towards someone including; Types of Non-verbal communication: Facial Expressions are motions human beings do using face muscles in order to react nonverbally to an action or to show a state of emotion consider how much information can be conveyed...
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...Santiago Salas CA105 – Instructor Callan Effective Communication Core Assessment 10 October 2012 I. Introduction II. Body A. Characteristics of an effective communicator. B. Describe and analyze communication in: 1. Small groups 2. Interpersonal settings 3. Intercultural settings 4. Public speaking agendas C. Evaluate communications in: 1. Small groups 2. Interpersonal settings 3. Intercultural settings 4. Public speaking agendas D. Improving your communication and what I’ve learned. III. Conclusion Effective Communication Have you ever seen, heard, or witnessed an individual giving a speech or speaking in front of an audience? What did you think? Did they influence you with their choice of words? Did they communicate in a way in which you understood the information that was presented? Now, think about those in which communication skills were lacking? Big difference, right? Communication is always present, whether it’s through verbal or non-verbal communication. Communication is always being analyzed. We as audience observe this in our everyday lives and see the importance of an effective communicator. To me, an effective communicator must first be confident. Confidence goes a long way and is shown through our self-concept. Our “Self-concept and self-esteem are the two perceptions of self that have the greatest impact on how we communicate” (Verderber, Verderber, Sellnow 17). Along with this, you need...
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...INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION Introduction Communication is the process of creating and sharing information with one another. Rapid changes in technology, transportation and immigration are making the world into a small-intersected community, where understanding how different cultures communicate is extremely important. In order to achieve effective intercultural communication we have to understand how different cultures communicate. Communication styles differ by how power is distributed within an organization. There are essentially two types: hierarchical, and democratic. In a hierarchical structure the most power is held by the highest ranking individual, where as in a democratic structure, power distribution is uniformed among the individuals. The classification of high-context versus low-context cultures based on the amount of information that is implied versus stated directly in a communication message. In high-context cultures, the meanings of the messages are found in the situation and in the relationships of the communicators, or are internalized in the communicator’s beliefs, values, and norms. In low-context cultures, less emphasis is placed on the context. Instead they rely on explicit verbal messages. Understanding these differences is essential to accurately decoding the message. Communication specialists estimate that three-fourths of our communication is nonverbal and takes place through our behavior. Nonverbal cues serve as the markers of ones’ identities...
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...SOCIAL CULTURAL DIFFERENCES a) CULTURE DIFFERENCE Perception difference between cultures can affect communication enormously. Even silence is perceived differently from culture to culture. Culture can be defined as set of shared interpretation about beliefs, values and norms which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people. it is not genetically inherited trait in human beings as it is learned. Clearly people from individuals and collective cultures perceive the world in marked different ways. Difference in emphasis on individualism and collectivism influence communication. Collective culture do not require the same social skills as individual culture Harmony is highly regarded as collectivism culture and verbal messages tend to be vogue so no offence is caused. Silence can mean disagreement without apparent embarrassment of loss of face to either party. J.Dan Ruthwell (2000) explains that “what is appropriate and expected communication in your own culture may be perceived as rude, arrogant or uncivilized by individuals’ culture; ethnocentric attitude can produce misattributions and communication. There is a Chinese proverb that states that “the first person to raise his voice loses the agreement J.Dan further said that “some cultural differences may challenge your sense of what is normal or proper behavior without raising ethical issues. b) GENDER DIFFERENCE Both men and women may not recognize important messages because they listen to different purposes...
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...The Cultural Influences on the Interpretation of Non-verbal Communication “The most important thing in communication is hearing what isn’t said” (Peter F. Drucker, n.d.). Non-verbal communication is the key aspect of communication as a way of sending and receiving messages in various ways without the use of words/verbal codes, be it intentional or unintentional. These wordless cues comes from our non-verbal behaviours; body movement, gestures, eye contact, personal space etc. (Richard Nordquist, n.d.). Although words are usually used to express our thoughts, we still convey most of the meaning through nonverbal codes. The world’s vast cultural diversity influences the way each culture interprets these non-verbal messages whereby a non-verbal expression is considered to be fine at one place but not at another. Touching perspectives are culturally determined as each culture has a clear view on when and where one may touch or not. In year 2009, as the First Lady of the United States briefly laid her hand on the back of Queen Elizabeth II at a reception, it sparked a global debate as etiquette is stern about this matter as rules are set in stone regarding one’s touch towards the queen (NYDailynews.com, 2009). In the United States, handshakes are common even towards strangers while hugs and kisses are exchanged between the opposite gender in the family or close acquaintance. Another example would be an African-American male who came across a Korean female...
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...Phoenix Material Sociological Group Matrix Schaefer (2011) defines a group as “any number of people with similar norms, values, and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis” (p. 111). Complete the Social Group Matrix by identifying and describing the relationship between yourself and the members of any social group you are a part of. |Group description | | | | | |Identify the group. |Veterans of Foreign Wars | |Social group or organization | | | |Veterans of Foreign Wars: | |Describe the function of the social|A collection of veterans from all branches of the military that come together to give support to one another in emotional...
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...* Tensions in defining communication * Level of Observation/Abstractness * Intentionality * Normative Judgment * Communication Definition * Systemic * Process * Symbols * Meaning * History of Communication Studies * Communication Science Approach * Empirical * Preferred Methods * Quantitative v. Qualitative * Types of Methods * Hypothesis * Research Question * Theory * Taxonomy * Goals of Theory * Description * Explanation * Prediction * Cultural Understanding * Reform * Criteria for evaluating research * Scope * Appropriateness * Heuristic Value * Validity * Parsimony * Openness * Utility * Reform * Key Differences in Early Models of Communication * Hypodermic Needle: Media watchers are directly effected by the media content * Lazarsfeld’s Response: Disaproved the idea * Later Models of Communication * The media does not directly effect the people, it affects others who influence others * Influence leaders: People who care a message * Wilbur Schramm’s Model of Communication: sender and reciever * Transactional Model of Communication: Both participants do both roles. More dynamic * Perception * Cognitive Schemas * Implicit associations * Self image * Self Concept * Self-fulfilling...
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...Effective communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care Communication is the exchanging of information by speaking, writing or using some other medium. Using phones, emails and social media is another way of communicating. Communication skills are important, effective communication allows individuals to more clearly express themselves. Effective communication is central to all work in health and social care. It is essential for practitioners working in social work, nursing, occupational therapy and any other profession to do with the health sector. You need good communication in order to understand the service user’s problems and to gain a good relationship with them. Good communication skills will help others feel valued, appreciated, and listened to not just with the service users but with work colleagues too. Informal: Informal communication is a casual conversation you would have with your family or friends or just a personal conversation with somebody you know. An informal conversation could take place outside work and organizations. Working in a health and social care environment provides lots of opportunities to have informal communication, including short conversations and chats. An informal conversation could take place in a social workers office, with two colleagues having a quick short chat about a child’s needs and plans. An advantage of informal is it keeps the conversation short and efficient and gets your point across in a fast way with...
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...Question 1: Q.1.1 - Interpersonal communication can be defined as a process by which two persons or people exchange messages to create shared understanding/meaning, through both sending and receiving verbal and non-verbal messages. The exchanging of messages makes communication a transactional process as both sender and receive take part in the exchanging episode. One is not usually aware but communication is functional as we all communicate with a reason behind us, and at the end of the communication episode a function is always fulfilled. Our environment, moods and changes in our daily lives, influence our communication behaviour, therefore communication is always reshaping and dynamic. The very motive and backbone of communication is to create shared meaning, which both parties are liable for. Q.1.2 - Communication cannot be a static process. Humans are dynamic, therefore communication is dynamic, meaning it is always in a state of flux. Change is part of our daily lives and every change within ourselves and environment influence our communication behaviour, i.e. different moods influence communication behaviour. Communication is never the same, it changes from...
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...CULTURAL COMMUNICATION Steven Colon COM/285 02/01/2011 Guadalupe Martinez CULTURAL COMMUNICATION |Cross Cultural Communication | |Country |Preferred communication style |Non-verbal communication practices |Business communication norms |Strategies to increase cross-cultural | | | | | |communication | | |North America |North Americans use non-verbal |In today’s North America they have |In all countries always good to dress to | | | |communication in different ways. Americans|advancement in communications and |impress. Maintaining body language to | | | |greet others with handshakes. They like |networking capabilities. By having |minimum will lower the risk of offending | | | |maintaining eye contact when speaking as a |this advancement most communication is|your listener. As a speaker we need to be | | ...
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