...I think before going into details, we should understand what is backbone. After a lot of research, I came up this definition; a backbone is a means of connecting two or more LANs. It provides a transmission channel for packets being transmitted from one LAN to another. After connection to a backbone, a LAN may remain distinct or be merged with another. Backbone networks can be applied to a single building environment as well as to campus environments, where the backbone is used to connect LANs in different buildings. Parallel backbone: I think parallel back is the best worth it for any company. The additional cost of setting up a parallel backbone can be well worth the money. The design of this type of backbone consists of using two cables routed between the routers and switches. While there are additional initial costs of installing a parallel backbone, the benefits can quickly outweigh these costs. However if company wants to save some money, they can use distribute network. It consists of a number of connectivity devices connected to a series of central connectivity devices, such as hubs, switches, or routers, in a hierarchy. This kind of topology allows for simple expansion and limited capital outlay for growth, because more layers of devices can be added to existing layers The enterprise network is challenging because it rapidly changing as new applications and architectures, including Linux, computing clusters, voice over IP applications, become central to the business...
Words: 731 - Pages: 3
...each wire in a copper twisted-pair cable to determine if it is connected to the correct pin at each end. Wire-map testers detect transposed wires, opens, and shorts which are all problems that can render a cable useless. A wire-map tester consists of a remote unit that you attach to the far end of a connection and the battery-operated, handheld main unit that displays the results. Typically, the tester displays various codes to describe the type of faults it finds, so you know which part of the cable you messed up on or what else may be wrong with it. Tone Generators Tone generators are the simplest type of copper cable tester. A tone generator is made up of two parts, a tone generator and a probe. These are sometimes referred to as a fox and hound wire tracer. With a standard jack, you connect to the cable the unit that transmits a signal, or, with an alligator clip, you connect the unit to an individual wire. The other unit is an inductive amplifier, which is a pen like probe that emits an audible tone when touched to the other end of the conductor. Tone generators are most often used to locate a specific connection in a punch-down block. Using a tone generator is extremely time-consuming and it is nearly as prone to errors as the cable installation. Time-Domain Reflectometers A TDR is the primary tool used to determine the length of a copper cable and to locate the impedance variations that are caused by opens, shorts, damaged cables, and interference with other systems...
Words: 482 - Pages: 2
...The ethical issue at Bryson Corporation is whether or not Stanton Wong, the quality supervisor, should ignore defects in a batch of laminated cable they had produced. As directed by his plant manager Harry Jackson, Stanton still should supply their client’s inspector with the defected cables. According to protocol, Bryson Corporation required a test failure be reported for such results. The cables are used to assembly fuses in missiles for the U.S. military. If there were any faulty cables used in production, it could result in severe consequences. Many innocent civilians and soldiers can possibly be harmed. If I were Stanton Wong, I would not give the client the defected cables. I would definitely contact senior management and disclose them of the situation at the plant. As the quality supervisor, I’m responsible for the all the cables and if a cable isn’t up to par, I would be held liable. Additionally, I would approach Jane Conway, the client’s inspector, and request her to perform her own elevated seal heat test from now on. This scenario says a lot about the ethical situation at Bryson Corporation. It is quite obvious that Bryson Corporation does not have effective ethical precautions in place. They only seem to be concerned with making a profit for the company. As an independent ethical consultant, I would suggest to Bryson Corporation to provide an ethics-training course to all current and future management and employees. It would raise ethical awareness and provide...
Words: 292 - Pages: 2
...In putting in a network there are many aspects to consider such as the Topology or design, what type of hardware to be used, and types of cabling. Copper cables are the norm when it comes to building and network and widely used in our communications of today. Copper has been used in electric wiring since the invention of the electromagnet. Copper and its alloys are also used in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. The inherent strength, hardness, and flexibility of copper building wire make it very easy to work with. Its flexibility makes it easy to join, while its hardness helps keep connection securely in place. There`s also another type of cabling you can use and its Fiber optic cabling which is becoming more in use in communication. Unlike copper fiber uses optical fiber elements which are typically individually coated with plastic layers and is contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment. Optical fibers are inherently very strong, but is drastically reduced by unavoidable microscopic surface flaws inherent in the manufacturing process. The strength of fiber as well with its change in time, are to be considered relative to the stress impose in today environment. Its benefits out way those of copper, fiber is relative to the stress imposed during handling, cabling, and installation for the set environment. Its signal strength is stronger and faster than copper, and it is not compromised by EMI (electric magnetic interference)...
Words: 262 - Pages: 2
...Remote control HDMI cable (3 m / 10 ft) Ethernet cable (5 m / 16 ft) Power cable (1.8 m / 6 ft) Batteries LR03 AAA 1.5 V for the remote control Assembling the rack ear profiles Mount the rack ear profiles to the codec. IMPORTANT There should always be a distance of minimum 10 cm / 4 in. free space in front of the codec. 1. Remove the two M3 screws on the left and right side of the codec. Tool: Screwdriver, 2 mm Allen Key 2. Use the same two M3 screws to fasten the rack ear profiles to the codec. Min. 10 cm User guides The user documentation for this product, including compliance and safety information, is available on the Cisco web site. Go to: http://www.cisco.com/go/cseries-docs SAFETY REQUIREMENT Make sure the codec is not mounted with the front side up or down. EMC Class A declaration 声 明 此为A级产品，在生活环境中，该产品可能会造成无线电干扰。在这种 情况下，可能需要用户对其干扰采取切实可行的措施。 WARNING: This is a class A product. In a domestica domestic environment WARNING: This is a class A product. In environment this product may cause radio interference inmay cause the user may be required to take adequate measures. this product which case radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures. Connecting cables For a basic setup, you should go through these steps: 1. Connect the main camera to the HDMI 1 input using a HDMI to HDMI cable. • For camera control you should also connect the camera to the Camera Control input using the dedicated cable that came with your...
Words: 547 - Pages: 3
...Home Page » Computers and Technology Copper vs Fiber In: Computers and Technology Copper vs Fiber Copper vs. Fiber Paper In putting in a network there are many aspects to consider such as the Topology or design, what type of hardware to be used, and types of cabling. Copper cables are the norm when it comes to building and network and widely used in our communications of today. Copper has been used in electric wiring since the invention of the electromagnet. Copper and its alloys are also used in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. The inherent strength, hardness, and flexibility of copper building wire make it very easy to work with. Its flexibility makes it easy to join, while its hardness helps keep connection securely in place. There`s also another type of cabling you can use and its Fiber optic cabling which is becoming more in use in communication. Unlike copper fiber uses optical fiber elements which are typically individually coated with plastic layers and is contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment. Optical fibers are inherently very strong, but is drastically reduced by unavoidable microscopic surface flaws inherent in the manufacturing process. The strength of fiber as well with its change in time, are to be considered relative to the stress impose in today environment. Its benefits out way those of copper, fiber is relative to the stress imposed during handling, cabling, and installation...
Words: 280 - Pages: 2
...http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/quarterly Larry X Schneider Pulsed Power Sciences Center Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM The article entitled “Wired for Success: Ensuring Aircraft Wiring Integrity Requires a Proactive Systems Approach”, which was published in Vol. 8, No. 3 of the AMPTIAC Quarterly (a predecessor to the AMMTIAC Quarterly), established the importance of maintaining wiring integrity, especially in aging aircraft. The article also emphasized the need for nondestructive approaches for evaluating the integrity of wiring systems and components. The current article answers the mail in terms of providing a nondestructive inspection (NDI) method to proactively ensure wiring integrity. – Editor INTRODUCTION Detecting and locating insulation defects in wiring systems is a nontrivial challenge. Ideally, the diagnostic should be nondestructive, capable of detecting a variety of insulation defects, such as cracking, chaffing, and abrasion, and be able to locate the defect accurately to reduce potential inspection and maintenance costs. The diagnostic should also have a low rate of false detection. Complicating this quest is the nature of complex wiring systems. For example, aircraft wiring systems are comprised of harnesses containing periodically bound single wire pairs* which create highly non-uniform impedance characteristics due to the varying distance between wire pairs. Insulation defects may also be physically small, resulting in...
Words: 2780 - Pages: 12
...Step 1: Mounting the power supply to the computer case A fairly simple step to get your started. Before messing with the motherboard, RAM, and CPU, I mounted the power supply to the computer case. Simply slide the power supply into the computer from the INSIDE. I’ve heard horror stories of people trying to jam the power supply through the back. Once you get the power supply into the case, the mounting holes should line up like so… Simply tighten down the screws that were provided and TADA, you have taken the first step in building your own computer! Congratulations! Step 2: The Motherboard Adding the processor (CPU) The CPU is considered the “brains” of the computer. This little piece of metal and silicon is involved in 100% of your daily computing activities whether it’s something as simple as clicking your mouse or something as complex as editing the video you just took of a recent vacation. Because of its importance, you should handle this piece with EXTREME care. Once you have located your CPU socket, the area that will house your CPU, you are ready to mount the CPU to the motherboard. Unpackage your CPU and any other parts that came with it (likely a heat sink and maybe some thermal compound). Typically, new CPUs will come with a heat sink and thermal compound applied to it already but if not, you WILL need to apply thermal compound to it. Processors can easily reach 100 degrees Celsius otherwise known as the boiling point for liquids…not a good thing! ...
Words: 2318 - Pages: 10
...Jonathan Hunt 7/23/14 Unit 6 Assignment 1 Cable Testers After installing cables in a building it is necessary to test them to make sure they are functional and did not get damaged during the install. There are many tools that can be used for testing cables, the type of cable that you are working with will determine the kind of tester that you will need. When working with copper cables one of the tools you can use is a tone generator, this tool can be used to test cables for crossovers, and shorts. This tool is most commonly used for testing punch down blocks in telecommunication lines. Another tool that is handy for copper wires is a wire map tester. You can use this tool to send a signal down the cable and make sure that the pin connections on both sides are correct. This tool can also detect a short in a wire as well as openings in the line. This is a fairly inexpensive tool and would be a good one to include in your kit if you are installing cables. Continuity testers can also be used in place of a wire map tester and are also inexpensive. It would be recommended to have at least one of these tools in your toolkit. Personally I would choose the wire map tester. If you are working with fiber optic cables you need to have a completely different set of tools because you are now dealing with light transmission as opposed to electrical current. Fiber optic power meters are used to detect the strength of light going down the cable. Depending on the type of fiber that you are...
Words: 487 - Pages: 2
...Name: Jerry Cunningham Date: 16 March 2015 ISSC340 Week 6 Assignment (3% of Grade) APUS/Sanford Lesson 6 Review: Transmission Media The purpose of this activity is to reinforce what you have learned so far about local area networks technologies. 1. What is the difference between standard voice-grade cabling and data-grade cabling? (Min. word count: 30) When determining the difference between voice-grade cabling and data-grade cabling, user much keeps in mind that twisted pair cables such as voice grade can support data speed of 19Kbp up to a distance of six miles. On the other hand data grade cabling have a speed of to 100 Mbps. 2. True or false: A diameter of a 22AWG twisted-pair cable is smaller than a 26AWG twisted pair cable? Explain… (Min. word count: 10) The answer would be false because due to being bigger in the numbers of AWG the diameter of the cable would be much smaller 3. In which frequency bands to do short-range wireless transmission operate? (Min. word count: 10) When dealing with frequency band short-range wireless operates in both 2.4(Ghz) microwave band and 5 (Ghz) band 4. What are the two types of light source used to transmit signals over optical fiber? (Min. word count: 10) According to textbooks, the two different types of light source use to transmit signals over optical fiber are: analog and digital data 5. True or false: Bluetooth is a good example of short-range wireless transmission...
Words: 297 - Pages: 2
...manufacturing/operations. Firstly, assembling a wiring loom can be considered as one of the biggest problem in manufacturing of a helicopter. It takes a lot of time as well as cost in this process as it is a very complicated task with a high risk of errors. Secondly, only well-trained/high skilled employees can work in assembling a wiring loom which leads to a lack of technicians. Both of these issues can be improved by applying a new manufacturing method which allow more unskill employees to work together with the well-trained technicians. This would allow the the process of assembling a wiring loom takes less time and more technicians can be trained through this method without affecting the final product’s quality. Thirdly, 1,200 and 2,000 electrical cables are not colour coded which can be very confusing for the technicians. The company should add colour coded in the operating system to make it more effiecincy Another fuction which is currently causing problem for the manufacturing/operations stage is human resources. Most of the technicians only came from the Royal Navy or the Army Engineering Corps which would limit the number of techinicians which would cause a lack of techinicians in...
Words: 260 - Pages: 2
...fix the error. It only awaits a resubmission of the packet from the sender which it will check for errors again. Error correcting attempts to not only identify that there is an error, but correct the error. Hamming codes can identify and correct single errors without too much issue. It can also correct a burst error by having the data sequenced into ‘codewords’ that are broken and sent in a fashion that if a burst error occurs can be checked and corrected with Hamming codes when the codewords are re-assembled at the receiver. Hamming codes can the identify each bit from the burst error separately in the codewords and subsequently correct it (Forouzan, 2007). References Christianson, G. (2014). How to reduce EMI with twisted pair shielded cable. Retrieved from...
Words: 622 - Pages: 3
...P6 – Explain how one example of each of the three types of communication media would be selected for a specific programmable controller application. P7 – Describe a network and relevant standards and protocols used for a modern programmable controller System. M3 – Compare two different networks used for a modern Programmable controller system. D2 – Compare the current capabilities and limitations of a programmable controller and identify possible areas of future development. P6 There are different types of cables available for PLCs depending on the role they will be playing, and under what conditions. Twisted-pair cabling consists of two independently insulated wires twisted around each other. By twisting the two wires together you help to reduce crosstalk and electromagnetic induction, allowing for a more reliable signal without the use of shielding. https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/twisted_pair_cable.html Coaxial cables fulfil a similar role twisted-pair cables but consist of a center wires surrounded by insulation and then a grounded...
Words: 1069 - Pages: 5
...SINGLE COMPRESSION TYPE CABLE GLANDS | » | Suitable for PVC/XLPE/FRLS power, control & Instrumentation Armoured & Unarmoured Cabe. | » | Application indoor whenever it is required to provide sealing on cable outer sheath only. | » | Superior quality rubber ring with groove, life long durability. | » | Single gland accommodates wide range of cables having variation in O.D’s. | » | Available in 2 varieties heavy duly SIBG type and light duly commercial type. | » | Sizes available for cable O.D. from 8m – 110mm. | | | | | | | | | | | | DOUBLE COMPRESSION WEATHERPROOF TYPE CABLE GLAND (FOR UNARMOURED CABLES - SERIES “UN”) | » | Suitable for PVC/CLPE/FRLS Power, Control & Instrumentation Unarmoured Cable. | » | Application indoor and outdoor whenever It is required to provide sealing on cable outer sheath at 2 points. | » | Ideal for braided or shielded instrumentation cable. | » | UN Glands are weatherproof and are tested as per BS 6121 & IP 66 as per IS 13947 | » | Sizes available for cable O.D. from 5mm – 100mm. | | | | | | | | | | | | | Product Specification | Our customers can avail from us high a quality range of Dowell's Lugs which is sourced from reliable manufacturers of the market keeping in mind defined industry norms to ensure its high tensile strength and perfect finish. These lugs are manufactured by our vendors using supreme class raw materials and cutting edge technology...
Words: 272 - Pages: 2
...requested a formal report on current purchasing system and suggestion for a new system before the next management meeting which would be in two weeks time. En Ghani assigned Siti Aminah on the special task instead of the senior Chief Production Officer and she did not have any experience in system and technology. The new system must be able to reduce costs, enhance control and provide easy management of users and services in qualitative and quantitative ways. CHARACTERS En Ghani : as the new appointed Managing Director of Penda Cable Industry Berhad, who reviewed past year Financial Report and asked for formal report from Siti Aminah. Siti Aminah : the Chief of Financial Officer that being asked to make formal report instead of the Senior Chief of Financial Officer. CURRENT PURCHASING SYSTEM IN PCI Purpose : to ensure the purchase of raw material (exclude external Aluminium cable scap) that was required for the manufacturing of cable, conductors and associated products. 1) Monthly Raw Material Summary Cik Lim...
Words: 1018 - Pages: 5
