...Callista Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) is defined as helping a person respond positively to changes, either physical or social environment. People have mutual relationships with the world and God. People use human creative abilities of awareness, enlightenment, and faith, according to Masters RN, DNS (2010), (Chapter 10). Roy’s theory provides a systematic approach to nursing practice known as the nursing process. Ram utilizes a bi-level assessment to problem solve the nursing process in everyday patient care. Assessment of Behavior * The first step of the nursing process, which involves gathering data about the behavior of the person as an adaptive system in each of the adaptive modes("Nursing Theories", 2012). Assessment of Stimuli * The second step of the nursing process involves the identification of internal and external stimuli that are influencing the person’s adaptive behaviors. * Stimuli are classified as: 1. Focal- those most immediately affecting the person, 2. Contextual-all other stimuli present that are affecting the situation 3. Residual- other stimuli whose effect on the situation are unclear. ("Nursing Theories", 2012). Nursing Diagnosis * Step three of the nursing process involves the formulation of statements that interpret data about the adaptation status of the person, including the behavior and most relevant stimuli ("Nursing Theories", 2012). Goal Setting * The forth step of the nursing process involves the establishment...
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...across Theories The purpose of the nursing theories is to provide an interrelating framework focusing on the nursing practice. The defined nursing theories promote better patient care, improve the status of nursing profession, and improve the communication between the nurses, and provide guidance to the researches and education (Keefe, 2011). Not all nursing theories have the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding way. Dorothy Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are considered as grand nursing theories. The grand nursing theories are a conceptual model, which identifies the focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care for him or herself. Nursing provides care through acting, guiding...
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...Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model September 14, 2011 Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model A personal philosophy is what one values for themselves as human beings. It reflects the many faceted realities of their self-concept and is influenced by: culture, spirituality, morals, values, and belief concepts. The relevance of one’s personal philosophy to nursing is significant. One’s philosophy directly affects the interpersonal relationship and care given to patients. For the purpose of this paper, the author will reflect and incorporate her nursing philosophy with the four nursing metaparadigms: person, environment, health and nursing, with the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) and compare similarities’ and differences. Personal Philosophy The author’s personal philosophy is seeded in spirituality and seeing the world as interconnected with a divine source where all things are possible. She attempts to integrate the core concepts of her philosophy: intuition, altruism, holism, empathy, knowledge, compassion and advocacy into the nursing process. The author will define and demonstrate her nursing philosophy as applied to the metaparadigms. The person is viewed as a unique individual and energetic being (spirit) within a physical and integrated body system connected to a higher supreme source; environment:...
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...across Theories The purpose of the nursing theories is to provide an interrelating framework focusing on the nursing practice. The defined nursing theories promote better patient care, improve the status of nursing profession, and improve the communication between the nurses, and provide guidance to the researches and education (Keefe, 2011). Not all nursing theories have the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding way. Dorothy Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are considered as grand nursing theories. The grand nursing theories are a conceptual model, which identifies the focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care for him or herself. Nursing provides care through acting, guiding...
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...and member of a religious community. She currently holds the position of professor and nurse theorist at Boston College Connell School of Nursing. As a researcher some of her research interests are conceptualizing and measuring coping, basis of adaptation nursing, implications of individual and common good for clinical nursing, and emerging nursing knowledge and practice outcome. She developed the Adaptation Model of Nursing in 1976. The theory was influenced by observations of practice; insights derived from existing theories and other literature sources. After working with Dorothy E Johnson, Roy’s mentor during her graduate nursing education, she encouraged Roy to develop her thoughts on adaptation into conceptual framework for nursing. Roy becomes convinced of the importance of describing the nature of nursing as a service to society. This prompted her to begin her model with goal of nursing being to promote adaptation. Roy’s model was conceived when nursing theorist Dorothy Johnson challenged her students during a seminar to develop conceptual model of nursing. Johnson’s nursing model was the impetus/motivation for the development of Roy’s adaptation model. Roy’s model incorporated concepts from Adaptation – Level – Theory of Perception from renowned American physiological psychologist Harry Helson, Ludwig von Bertalanffy’s system model and Anatol Rapoport’s system definition (nurseslabs.com). Roy combines Helson’s work with Rapoport’s definition of system and views the person...
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...The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast nursing metaparadigms formulated by Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model and Dorothy Johnson: The Behavioral System Model. These two theorist are identified as grand theorist of the post-positivist era (1950’s-1990’s). The contrast and comparison is structured as Roy’s and Johnson definition of person, health, environment and nursing. Roy defines persons as an adaptive systems with cognation and regulatory subsystems working together to continue adaptation. Roy uses four modes of adaptation (physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence) that has to stay balance in order for the person to function at an optimal level. Johnson defines persons as behavioral systems with seven substructures (security, recognition, basic body supply, waste evacuation, sexual needs, defense, and fulfillment) needs to balance to prevent illness. Roy’s model is adaptive and Johnson’s theory of person is reactive to internal/external impulses. Roy defines environment as all conditions and all states of affairs in one’s life that affect development and behavior. Johnson explains environment as internal and external surrounding. Both theorist environments are influenced by one’s current situations that are fixed and those surrounding that are self-restrained. Johnson’s explains health as an adequate and capable function system. Johnson also defines health as observable system balance and security. Roy’s health is the state...
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...Literature Review One nursing issue that I am passionate about is the shortage of nurses. This has been a long standing problem, even in the days of Ms. Florence Nightingale, when she and her nurses "used limited resources to address unlimited wants for healthcare (Cherry & Jacob, 2014)". They did the best they could and were able to improve the soldiers' condition dramatically. Agreeably, the situation is far better today. This topic is of great importance because, a shortage of nurses means that the ratio of patient to nurse increases and this can result in nurses being overwhelmed. It also affects the every aspect of patients’ care and it increases the risk of negative patients’ outcomes. It makes nurses apprehensive when they are going to work and that is not a good way to feel on a regular basis. Some of the reasons listed as causes of shortage of nurses include lack of good role models and early professional socialization, unrealistic workload, an aging workforce, negative work environment, retention problem, and insufficient nursing faculty staff. I chose the first article "Becoming a nurse: a meta-study of early professional socialization and career choice in nursing," because it attempts to deal with the issue of nursing shortage by investigating what motivates young people to choose nursing as a career and early professional socialization (Price, 2009). It highlighted the need to have good mentors, peers and role models, especially as new nurses are transitioning...
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...hand hygiene guidelines and stress among nursing professionals in one German hospital (Knoll, Lautenschlaeger, & Borneff-Lipp, 2010). This paper explores the factors associated with hand hygiene compliance of nurses during routine clinical practice. The purpose of this research was to clarify whether external factors such as ward capacity, or level of nursing intensity had an influence on nursing staff compliance with hand hygiene guidelines. The research questions in this study are; does hand hygiene between healthcare workers decrease healthcare associated infections (HCAIs)? Does exterior factors influence on nurses compliance with hand hygiene guidelines? The hypothesis of this study is; workload factors like maximum ward capacity, severity of patient cases, have an influence on nurse’s compliance with proper hand hygiene guidelines. Study Variables A total of nine variants were used in this paper. Records from the descriptive interviews were used as dependent variables. The ward-specific workloads considered on one side as the rate of used ward capacity, and on the other as the degree of nursing intensity which were distinct as independent variables. Conceptual Model\Theoretical Framework Acquiescence with good hygiene practice, depend on the nursing intensity and used ward capacity were evaluated. These two threat factors were checked for their connection to ‘objectionable behavior’ in a multifactorial model...
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...Can Adequate Nurse Staffing Improve Patient Outcomes? Nursing is more than caring for the sick and injured. It is a twenty-four hour inpatient monitoring system. It is well known that nurses spend significantly more time caring for and looking after patients than any other profession. They routinely monitor and report changing patient conditions around the clock that aid physicians in modifying and updating treatment plans to improve health and prevent complications. The level of safety of hospitalized patients and the degree of quality care that they receive has more to do than fixed nurse-to-patient ratios. It has been well established in the literature that when nursing workload increase to unmanageable levels; weather it be from the addition of patients, increases in acuity and/or care complexity, or from high levels of fluctuation in patient turnover, that nurses ability to perform patient surveillance is disordered, putting patients in undue risk (Needleman, et. al, 2011). Furthermore, excessive workloads contribute to burnout and dissatisfaction leading to nurse attrition that further compounds to the staffing problem. Hospitals need to be held accountable for providing safer nurse staffing levels. Payers and purchasers of care should demand compliance, but should also stimulate better quality and patient safety by providing financial incentives. In addition, a more comprehensive, proactive team approach to nurse staffing can help keep patients safer...
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...Introduction The quality of care delivered by the nurse remains with the patient long after discharge. Unfortunately, said care has become increasingly compromised due to nurse burnout. Higher turnover rates result in an increase of staff unfamiliar with their new environment. This knowledge deficiency can lead to delay of care as well as a decreased quality of care. It is important that the factors leading to, and, ultimately, resulting in, nurse burnout and turnover rates are understood so nurses are able to provide the best quality of care possible and create a long lasting positive impression on their patients. Background of Study The shortage of nursing has long had a negative impact on the workplace and its employees. Over the years, said shortage has become an increasing problem for post-industrialized countries. Researchers have developed many approaches to examine and determine contributing factors to this shortage. One approach, that of which is illustrated in this paper, focuses on the retention of nurses, and which factors promote a commitment to the workplace. Leiter & Maslach (2009) found that “dissatisfaction is predictive of both turnover intentions, which indicate that one is disengaging from the job and seriously considering other options, and actual turnover behavior which is the ultimate withdrawal from a job” (pg. 331). Gaining insight into what variables affect higher turnover and burnout rates allows for the implementations of appropriate...
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...University of Phoenix Introduction to Graduate Study in Health Science/Nursing (HCS/504) Kirk Davis February 3, 2013 Graduate Study Challenges and Strategies for Personal Success Pursuing a graduate degree creates many opportunities and comes with many challenges, such as balancing work and attending school and adjusting to the increase workload of school (M. Schlemper, 2011). Utilizing the right coping strategies will help in overcoming these challenges. As I make this important decision to pursue the Masters of Science in nursing degree there are several questions that need to be answered. The aim of writing this paper is to give the reasons for pursuing a graduate degree including my short and long- term goals. The challenges I will face achieving these goals and the strategies I will use to overcome them. I will be analyzing my strength and weakness in regard to personal communication and strategies to improve my communication skills. Each individual have differ reasons for pursuing a graduate degree. These reasons can be personal or professional, which include a feeling of achievement and personal success and increasing their competency (Plunkett, Iwasiw & Keer, 2010). Acquiring new knowledge and skill has been imperative in my nursing career, as providing evidence base care requires me to keep abreast of the current trends in nursing. Pursuing a graduate degree is a step toward acquiring this knowledge and skills. Pursuing...
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...Literature Review Problem Validation Literature Review The purpose of this paper is to discuss the reviews of the literature that pertains to the problem/issue chosen by this writer. The problem/issue chosen is the current issue with staffing of hospitals, nursing homes, medical clinics and specialty clinics, and why some of those problems are occurring. In addition to current issues in staffing, the future needs of nursing staff and what is being done now, and can be done in the future to enhance the quality and quantity of practicing registered nurses. In an article published in 2004 by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, it was stated that “hospitals with low nurse staffing levels tend to have higher rates of poor patient outcomes such as pneumonia, shock, cardiac arrest, and urinary tract infections. Major factors contributing to lower staffing levels include the needs of today’s higher acuity patients for more care and a nationwide gap between the number of available positions and the number of registered nurses (RN’s) qualified and willing to fill them” ( www.ahrq.gov, 2004). It is interesting that the same issues that are being faced today were an issue in 2004. “A persistent shortage of nursing staff across the United States challenges the belief and values of the profession. Many nurses find it difficult to carry out their ethical obligations to patients due to the insufficiency in staffing. Because of this shortage, many nurses complain that they...
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...Applying the Jean Watson's Caring Theory to the Nurse Staffing Ratio in Practice Chamberlain College of Nursing NUR501: Theoretical Basis Advance Nursing December 05, 2015 Introduction Nursing theory impacts the practice of nursing in many different ways that can have a great influence. Theory provides a structure to support and shape nursing practice, encourage quality of patient care, and can be utilized in practice situations to give solutions to problems in nursing practice. Utilizing theories to solve nursing obstacles can be used in educational settings, research environment, direct patient care, informatics, as well as in administration and management of nursing care services. The advantages of applying theory to resolve a challenge in nursing practice can be demonstrated by applying Jean Watson’s theory of human caring. Jean Watson’s theory of human caring is a grand theory that provides to the empirical stand point of nursing. It emphasizes on genuine caring about the human being as whole; meaning caring about the human’s mind, body and spirit in order for the healing process to sustain at highest level. Her theory is portrayed as a model of caring which art and science are both included; presenting a framework that involves and divides art, science, humanities, spirituality, mind-body-spirit in medicine, and nursing (Watson, 2000). Nursing practice today is impacted by Watson’s caring theory. It does not only enable nurses to improve care for...
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...e. Help to integrate unrelated phenomena into a hypothesis which creates research. Critical to have very defined concepts and the concepts needed to be created into hypothesis so that you had something to study. That is critical when we discuss concepts and research i. Phenomenon is any even that can be experiences via senses, it is observable and can be seen. ii. Proposition: closed sentence or statement 1. Like geometry: If A=B and B=C, then A=C 2. Tend to be true or false 3. Content of beliefs and or assertions of the theorists. You will see a lot of theoretical statements and propositions that define what are the beliefs and values of a theorists in designing their grand model or model of theory II. Theory? f. A set of multiple concepts, that have definitions and its their relationships among the concepts that present a systematic view of phenomenon g. What does that mean?...
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...on patient's age, sex, background and education support will vary. Patients with shorter hospital stays are receiving less support. The article says about named nurse system. It is a system that each patient has a primary nurse who is in charge of planning, coordinating, and providing the care daily. This strengthens nurse-patient relationship, and let them explore their fears and concerns which reduces stress and make them feel comfortable in asking questions and gain confidence and also the support they want. Short staffing and increased workload on units decreases the access to support for inpatients (Mattila, 2010). Background of study Patients need support from the nursing personnel's throughout their hospital stay. Better awareness of patient's background and organizational factors can improve inpatient support. The purpose of this study is to explore the hospital patients’ access to emotional and informational support from nursing personnel. The study help nurses to...
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